Bioelectronics
Department of Microelectronics

Selected publications

  1. Ferrocene-decorated graphene nanosheets built by edge-to-face π-π interaction for room temperature ppb-level NO sensing
    Lulu Zhang; Yixun Gao; Yancong Feng; Zhijian Mai; Jianqiang Wang; Yanwei Chang; Fengnan Wang; Hao Li; Peerasak Paoprasert; Yi-Kuen Lee; Paddy J. French; Ahmad M Umar Siddiqui; Gofu Zhou; Yao Wang;
    Talanta,
    2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2024.127365
    Keywords: ... Nitric oxide Gas sensor Ferrocene Graphene π-π interaction Supramolecular assembly.

    Abstract: ... The development of materials toward ppb-level nitric oxide (NO) sensing at room temperature remains in high demand for the monitoring of respiratory inflammatory diseases. In order to find an iron-containing molecule without steric hindrance to combine with graphene for room temperature NO gas sensing, here a supramolecular assembly of ferrocene (Fc) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was designed and prepared for NO sensing. The assembly of Fc/rGO was characterized using FT-IR, TEM, and XPS measurements. The Fc/rGO-based sensors exhibited superior NO sensing properties at room temperature including high response (Ra/Rg = 1.73, 1 ppm), high selectivity against other exhaled gases, reliable repeatability and stability (less than 4 % decrease after 40 days). A practical limit of detection (LOD) of 200 ppb was achieved. The theoretical simulation demonstrates that ferrocene is assembled via π-π interaction with rGO in edge-to-face configuration which provides relatively lower energy than face-to-face configuration does for the whole assembly. It was first verified that the enhanced adsorption capacity and the charge transfer between NO and Fc/rGO would result in improvement of the assembly's sensitivity toward NO after ferrocene was assembled with graphene. This work provides a fresh approach of anchoring iron on graphene for gas sensing via supramolecular methods.

  2. Practical ppb-Level Room Temperature Chemiresistive Nitric Oxide Sensing Assembly Based on Ultrathin Thick Porphyrin MOF Nanosheets
    Zijing Fu; Yanwei Chang; Zhuo Chen; Huiming Xie; Yancong Feng; Fengnan Wang; Yao Wang; Hao Li; Yixun Gao; Tao Ren; Patrick J French; Ahmad Mohammad Umar Siddiqui; Guofu Zhou;
    Small,
    Issue 2411264, 2025. DOI: DOI: 10.1002/smll.202411264
    Abstract: ... Nitric oxide is an endogenous biological signaling molecule, and the corresponding fractional exhaled NO serves as an important indicator in clinical diagnostics and therapeutic applications. However, achieving accurate and rapid monitoring of ppb-level fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) at room temperature remains a significant challenge. Herein, ultrathin porphyrin metal–organic framework (MOF) sheets are selected to assemble with supramolecularly functionalized graphene sheets through hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction with 6 nm thickness. The resulting porphyrin MOF/graphene sheet-on-sheet nanohybrid is designed as a chemiresistive NO sensor which exhibits superior gas sensing performance at room temperature including an ultralow practical limit of detection (Ra /Rg = 1.047, 5 ppb NO), reliable repeatability, excellent selectivity against other exhaled gases, and relative long-term stability. Mechanism study indicates that the prominent NO sensing performance is attributed to the ordered framework of active sites of ferric-pyrrole (Fe─N4 ) sites and less than 10 nm thick sheet-on-sheet heterojunction structure in the nanohybrid. The potential clinical utility of the obtained sensors is validated by exhalation tests toward exhalation samples from healthy individuals and asthma patients, respectively. This work provides an effective strategy of developing MOF-based room temperature ppb-level chemiresistive NO sensors for practical FeNO monitoring.

  3. On the longevity and inherent hermeticity of silicon-ICs: Evaluation of bare-die and PDMS-coated ICs after accelerated aging and implantation studies
    Kambiz Nanbakhsh; Ahmad Shah Idil; Callum Lamont; Csaba Dücső; Ömer Can Akgun; Domonkos Horváth; Kinga Tóth; Domokos Meszéna; István Ulbert; Federico Mazza; Timothy G. Constandinou; Wouter Serdijn; Anne Vanhoestenberghe; Nick Donaldson; Vasiliki Giagka;
    Nature Communications,
    Volume 16, Issue 1, Jan. 2 2025.
    document

  4. An In Vivo Biostability Evaluation of ALD and Parylene-ALD Multilayers as Micro-Packaging Solutions for Small Single-Chip Implants
    Kambiz Nanbakhsh; Matthias Van Gompel; Riina Ritasalo; Astrid Gollhardt; Domonkos Horváth; Kinga Tóth; Domokos Meszéna; István Ulbert; Wouter Serdijn; Vasiliki Giagka;
    Small,
    2025.
    document

  5. Practical ppb-Level Room Temperature Chemiresistive Nitric Oxide Sensing Assembly Based on Ultrathin Thick Porphyrin MOF Nanosheets
    Zijing Fu; Yanwei Chang; Zhuo Chen; Huiming Xie; Yancong Feng; Fengnan Wang; Yao Wang; Hao Li; Yixun Gao; Tao Ren; Patrick J French; Ahmad Mohammad Umar Siddiqui; Guofu Zhou;
    Small,
    Issue 2411264, 2025. DOI: DOI: 10.1002/smll.202411264
    Abstract: ... Nitric oxide is an endogenous biological signaling molecule, and the corresponding fractional exhaled NO serves as an important indicator in clinical diagnostics and therapeutic applications. However, achieving accurate and rapid monitoring of ppb-level fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) at room temperature remains a significant challenge. Herein, ultrathin porphyrin metal–organic framework (MOF) sheets are selected to assemble with supramolecularly functionalized graphene sheets through hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction with 6 nm thickness. The resulting porphyrin MOF/graphene sheet-on-sheet nanohybrid is designed as a chemiresistive NO sensor which exhibits superior gas sensing performance at room temperature including an ultralow practical limit of detection (Ra /Rg = 1.047, 5 ppb NO), reliable repeatability, excellent selectivity against other exhaled gases, and relative long-term stability. Mechanism study indicates that the prominent NO sensing performance is attributed to the ordered framework of active sites of ferric-pyrrole (Fe─N4 ) sites and less than 10 nm thick sheet-on-sheet heterojunction structure in the nanohybrid. The potential clinical utility of the obtained sensors is validated by exhalation tests toward exhalation samples from healthy individuals and asthma patients, respectively. This work provides an effective strategy of developing MOF-based room temperature ppb-level chemiresistive NO sensors for practical FeNO monitoring.

  6. Selective Reduction Laser Sintering: A New Strategy for NO2 Gas Detection Based on In2O3 Nanoparticles
    Shaogang Wang; Chunjian Tan; Qihang Zong; Shizhen Li; Chenshan Gao; Huiru Yang; Qianming Huang; Paddy French; Huaiyu Ye;
    Advanced Functional Materials.,
    2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202419057
    Abstract: ... This study introduces a novel strategy for fabricating flexible nitrogen dioxide (NO2) gas sensors based on Indium Oxide (In2O3) nanoparticles (NPs) employing selective reduction laser sintering (SRLS) technology. The SRSL technology utilizes ultraviolet (UV) laser selective reduction sintering to precisely and rapidly create oxygen vacancy (OV) defects in In2O3 NPs. These oxygen vacancies (OVs) enhance the active adsorption sites and contribute additional free electrons, significantly improving sensor performance at room temperature. The sensors demonstrate excellent response (S = 460.9 at 10 ppm), rapid response/recovery times (τresp/τreco = 27/570 s), and superior selectivity (response ratio > 400), in addition to robust resistance to light and humidity (under ppm-level NO2 gas). The sensors also exhibit a low detection limit (200 ppb), a high signal-to-noise ratio (94.8 dB), and good long-term stability (25 days). Moreover, under photo-assisted conditions, the recovery speed of the sensors is further improved. This technology not only provides an innovative strategy for the development of high-performance flexible NO2 gas sensors but also broadens the application potential of laser direct writing (LDW) technology in advanced materials and sensor fabrications.

  7. Fabrication of pH and oxygen sensors for monitoring myocardial ischaemia during open heart surgery
    Avik Sett; Robbert Friendwijk; Alireza Tajeddin; Massimo Mastrangeli; Paddy French;
    American Journal of Electronics & Communication,
    Volume 1, pp. 73-76, 2025.

  8. Advancements in Laser and LED-Based Optical Wireless Power Transfer for IoT Applications: A Comprehensive Review
    Kimia Ahmadi; Wouter Serdijn;
    IEEE Internet of Things Journal,
    pp. 1-25, 2025. DOI: 10.1109/jiot.2025.3542968
    Abstract: ... Optical wireless power transfer (OWPT) has emerged as a promising technology for efficient wireless power transfer (WPT), offering advantages such as directionality, suitability for far-field applications, and the ability to transfer power and data simultaneously. This comprehensive review classifies OWPT systems into laser power transfer (LPT) and LED-based OWPT. LPT uses the narrow divergence of laser beams for high-density, long-distance energy transfer, making it suitable for applications such as satellites, autonomous drones, and electric vehicle charging. In contrast, LED-based OWPT offers a safer, more cost-effective solution for low-power applications, especially in the Internet of Things (IoT) domain. It offers advantages such as lower power consumption and fewer safety restrictions compared to LPT. Innovations in LPT, such as high-intensity laser power beaming, distributed laser charging, adaptive distributed laser charging, simultaneous lightwave information and power transfer, and resonant beam charging are discussed. Also, recent advancements in LED-OWPT, including single-lens and double-lens systems, collimation techniques, and multi-LED arrays, are explored for their potential in powering IoT devices, wearable electronics, and smart infrastructure. First, we present a radar chart comparing various WPT techniques with respect to performance criteria. After reviewing the methods of LPT and LED-OWPT in detail, a comparison of these techniques is provided, evaluating their strengths, limitations, and application suitability. A concluding radar chart offers insights for optimizing OWPT systems tailored to specific applications. Future research directions are identified, emphasizing the need for further advancements in beam alignment, safety protocols, and hybrid systems to enhance OWPT’s scalability and practicality in real-world scenarios.

    document

  9. Surface modification of multilayer graphene electrodes by local printing of platinum nanoparticles using spark ablation for neural interfacing
    Nasim Bakhshaee Babaroud; Samantha June Rice; Maria Camarena Perez; Wouter A. Serdijn; Sten Vollebregt; Vasiliki Giagka;
    Nanoscale,
    Volume 16, Issue 7, pp. 3549-3559, Jan. 2024. DOI: 10.1039/D3NR05523J
    document

  10. A Power-Efficient Oscillatory Synchronization Feature Extractor for Closed-Loop Neuromodulation
    Yassin, Hoda; Akhoundi, Arash; Hasaneen, El-Sayed; Muratore, Dante G;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II - Express Briefs,
    January 2024. DOI: 10.1109/TCSII.2024.3353927

  11. Spike sorting in the presence of stimulation artifacts: a dynamical control systems approach
    Shokri, Mohammad; Gogliettino, Alex R; Hottowy, Pawel andSher, Alexander; Litke, Alan M; Chichilnisky, E J; Pequito, Sérgio; Muratore, Dante;
    Journal of Neural Engineering,
    January 2024. DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ad228f

  12. PMUT and CMUT Devices for Biomedical Applications: A Review
    Elisabetta Moisello; Lara Novaresi; Eshani Sarkar; Piero Malcovati; Tiago L. Costa; Edoardo Bonizzoni;
    IEEE Access,
    2024. DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3359906

  13. An Acoustically Transparent Electrical Cap for Piezoelectric Ultrasound Transducers on Silicon
    Gandhika Wardhana; Tiago L. Costa; Massimo Mastrangeli;
    Proceedings,
    Volume 97, Issue 1, pp. 50, 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024097050

  14. Feasibility Study for a High-Frequency Flexible Ultrasonic Cuff for High-Precision Vagus Nerve Ultrasound Neuromodulation
    Cornelis van Damme; Gandhika K. Wardhana; Andrada Iulia Velea; Vasiliki Giagka; Tiago L. Costa;
    IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control,
    Volume 71, Issue 7, 2024. DOI: 10.1109/TUFFC.2024.3381923
    document

  15. NeuroDots: From Single-Target to Brain-Network Modulation: Why and What Is Needed?
    Dirk de Ridder; Muhammad Ali Siddiqi; Justin Dauwels; Wouter A. Serdijn; Christos Strydis;
    Neuromodulation,
    April 16, 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurom.2024.01.003
    document

  16. Single-Component Electroactive Polymer Architectures for Non-Enzymatic Glucose Sensing
    Kousseff, Christina J.; Wustoni, Shofarul; Silva, Raphaela K. S.; Lifer, Ariel; Savva, Achilleas; Frey, Gitti L.; Inal, Sahika; Nielsen, Christian B.;
    Advanced Science,
    Volume n/a, Issue n/a, pp. 2308281, 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202308281
    Keywords: ... electropolymerization, glucose sensor, organic bioelectronics, organic electrochemical transistors, PEDOT.

    Abstract: ... Abstract Organic mixed ionic-electronic conductors (OMIECs) have emerged as promising materials for biological sensing, owing to their electrochemical activity, stability in an aqueous environment, and biocompatibility. Yet, OMIEC-based sensors rely predominantly on the use of composite matrices to enable stimuli-responsive functionality, which can exhibit issues with intercomponent interfacing. In this study, an approach is presented for non-enzymatic glucose detection by harnessing a newly synthesized functionalized monomer, EDOT-PBA. This monomer integrates electrically conducting and receptor moieties within a single organic component, obviating the need for complex composite preparation. By engineering the conditions for electrodeposition, two distinct polymer film architectures are developed: pristine PEDOT-PBA and molecularly imprinted PEDOT-PBA. Both architectures demonstrated proficient glucose binding and signal transduction capabilities. Notably, the molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) architecture demonstrated faster stabilization upon glucose uptake while it also enabled a lower limit of detection, lower standard deviation, and a broader linear range in the sensor output signal compared to its non-imprinted counterpart. This material design not only provides a robust and efficient platform for glucose detection but also offers a blueprint for developing selective sensors for a diverse array of target molecules, by tuning the receptor units correspondingly.

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  17. Organic Mixed Ionic–Electronic Conductors Based on Tunable and Functional Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Copolymers
    Wu, Jiaxin; Gu, Modi; Travaglini, Lorenzo; Lauto, Antonio; Ta, Daniel; Wagner, Pawel; Wagner, Klaudia; Zeglio, Erica; Savva, Achilleas; Officer, David; Mawad, Damia;
    ACS Applied Materials \& Interfaces,
    Volume 16, Issue 22, pp. 28969-28979, 2024. PMID: 38778796. DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c03229
    document

  18. High-Performance Flexible Strain Sensor Fabricated Using Laser Transmission Pyrolysis
    S. Wang; Huiru Yang; Qihang Zong; Qianming Huang; Chunjia Tan; Chenshan Gao; Shinzhen Li; Huaiyu Yem; Guoqi Zhang; Paddy French;
    IEEE Sensors Journal,
    Volume 24, pp. 7521-7529, 2024. DOI: doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2023.3337233
    Keywords: ... Laser transmission pyrolysis (LTP), metal film, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) pattering, stretchable strain sensors, ultraviolet (UV) laser..

    Abstract: ... n recent years, metal crack-based stretchable flexible strain sensors have attracted significant attention in wearable device applications due to their extremely high sensitivity. However, the tradeoff between sensitivity and detection range has been an intractable dilemma, severely limiting their practical applications. Herein, we propose a laser transmission pyrolysis (LTP) technology for fabricating high-performance flexible strain sensors based on (Au) metal cracks with the microchannel array on the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) surface. The fabricated flexible strain sensors exhibit high sensitivity [gauge factor (GF) of 2448], wide detection range (59% for tensile strain), precise strain resolution (0.1%), fast response and recovery times (69 and 141 ms), and robust durability (over 3000 cycles). In addition, experiment and simulation results reveal that introducing a microchannel array enables the stress redistribution strategy on the sensor surface, which significantly improves the sensing sensitivity compared to conventional flat surface sensors. Based on the excellent performance, the sensors are applied to detect subtle physiological signals, such as pulse and swallowing, as well as to monitor large-scale motion signals, such as knee flexion and finger bending, demonstrating their potential applications in health monitoring, human–machine interactions, and electronic skin.

  19. Sheet-on-sheet architectural assembly of MOF/graphene for high-stability NO sensing at room temperature
    Yanwei Chang; Jingxing Zhang; Ruofei Lu; Weiran Li; Yuchen Feng; Yixun Gao; Haihong Yang; Fengnan Wang; Hao Li; Yi-Kuen Lee; Patrick J. French; Ahmad M. Umar Siddiqui; Yao Wang; Guofu Zhou;
    Journal of Materials Chemistry C,
    Volume 12, pp. 7520-7531, 2024. DOI: DOI: 10.1039/d4tc00091a
    Abstract: ... Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) can be used to describe inflammatory processes in the respiratory tract. Directly detecting ppb-level nitric oxide (NO) with chemiresistive sensors at room temperature faces the challenges of simultaneously obtaining high sensitivity and high stability for sensors. We aimed to improve the stability and sensitivity of NO sensors. We assembled sheet-like porphyrin-based MOF DLS-2D-Co-TCPP(Fe) with 5-aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid–rGO (ANS–rGO) nanosheets through coordination interactions. In this way, we offered a room-temperature NO-sensing hybrid, DLS-2D-Co-TCPP(Fe)/ANS–rGO, with a sheet-on-sheet (SOS) architectural heterojunction. The DLS-2D-Co-TCPP(Fe)/ANS–rGO-based sensor demonstrated superior NO-sensing performance, including high sensitivity (Ra/Rg = 1.33, 250 ppb), reliable repeatability, high selectivity, and fast response/recovery (150 s/185 s, 1 ppm) at a sensing concentration from 100 ppb to 10 ppm at room temperature. The obtained sensor showed high stability, retaining >85% of its initial response after 60 days. Designing NO-responsive Fe–N4 active units containing MOF nanosheets, along with constructing a heterojunction with an SOS architecture to facilitate carrier migration, collaboratively dominated the superior performance of synthesized NO sensors. This work provides a strategy for designing SOS architectural heterojunctions to obtain high-performance MOF-based gas-sensing materials.

  20. CO2-induced switching between MOF-based bio-mimic slow anion channel and proton pump for medical exhalation detection
    Honghao Chen; Xiaorui Yue; Yifei Fan; Bin Zheng; Sitao Lv; Fengnan Wang; Yixun Gao; Hao Li; Yi-Kuen Lee; Patrick J. French; Ahmad M. Umar Siddiqui; Yao Wang; Guofu Zhou;
    Chemical Engineering Journal,
    Volume 493, pp. 152633, 2024. DOI: https://doi-org.tudelft.idm.oclc.org/10.1016/j.cej.2024.1526

  21. Effects of Current Filaments on IGBT Avalanche Robustness: A Simulation Study
    Jingping Zhang; Houcai Luo; Huan Wu; Bofeng Zheng; Xianping Chen; Guoqi Zhang; Paddy French; Shaogang Wang;
    Electronics,
    2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13122347
    Keywords: ... IGBT; avalanche; current filament; robustness; SOA.

    Abstract: ... With the increase in voltage level and current capacity of the insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), the avalanche effect has become an important factor limiting the safe operating area (SOA) of the device. The hole injection into the p/n junction on the backside of the IGBT after avalanche is the main feature that distinguishes the avalanche effect from other devices. In this paper, the avalanche breakdown characteristics of IGBT and the nature of current filament are investigated using theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, and the underlying physical mechanism controlling the nature of current filaments is revealed. The results show that the hole injection on the backside of the IGBT leads to an additional negative differential resistance (NDR) branch on the avalanche breakdown curve. The device’s common-base current gain, αpnp, is a crucial factor in determining the current filament. As αpnp increases, the avalanche-induced current filament becomes stronger and slower, resulting in weaker avalanche robustness of the device.

  22. Si, O‑Codoped Carbonized Polymer Dots with High Chemiresistive Gas Sensing Performance at Room Temperature
    Yubo Yin; Yixun Gao; Jianqiang Wang; Quan Wang; Fengnan Wang; Hao Li; Paddy J French; Peerasak Paoprasert; Ahmad M. Umar Siddiqui; Yao Wang; Guofu Zhou;
    ACS Sensors,
    Volume 9, pp. 3282-3289, 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.4c00617
    Keywords: ... carbonized polymer dots gas sensor ammonia Si O-codoping.

    Abstract: ... A new type of carbonized polymer dot was prepared by the one-step hydrothermal method of triethoxylsilane (TEOS) and citric acid (CA). The sensor made from carbonized polymer dots (CPDs) showed superior gas sensing performance toward ammonia at room temperature. The Si, O-codoped CPDs exhibited superior ammonia sensing performance at room temperature, including a low practical limit of detection (pLOD) of 1 ppm (Ra/Rg: 1.10, 1 ppm), short response/recovery time (30/36 s, 1 ppm), high humidity resistance (less than 5% undulation when changing relative humidity to 80 from 30%), high stability (less than 5% initial response undulation after 120 days), reliable repeatability, and high electivity against other interferential gases. The gas sensing mechanism was investigated through control experiments and in situ FTIR, indicating that Si, O-codoping essentially improves the electron transfer capability of CPDs and ynergistically dominates the superior ammonia sensing properties of the CPDs. This work resents a facile strategy for constructing novel high-performance, single-component carbonized polymer dots for gas sensing.

  23. A Robust Backscatter Modulation Scheme for Uninterrupted Ultrasonic Powering and Back-Communication of Deep Implants
    Lukas Holzapfel; Vasiliki Giagka;
    IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control,
    2024. DOI: 10.1109/TUFFC.2024.3465268
    Abstract: ... Traditionally, implants are powered by batteries, which have to be recharged by an inductive power link. In the recent years, ultrasonic power links are being investigated, promising more available power for deeply implanted miniaturized devices. These implants often need to transfer back information. For ultrasonically powered implants, this is usually achieved with On-Off Keying based on backscatter modulation, or active driving of a secondary transducer. In this paper, we propose to superimpose subcarriers, effectively leveraging Frequency-Shift Keying, which increases the robustness of the link against interference and fading. It also allows for simultaneous powering and communication, and inherently provides the possibility of frequency domain multiplexing for implant networks. The modulation scheme can be implemented in miniaturized application specific integrated circuits, field programmable gate arrays, and microcontrollers. We have validated this modulation scheme in a water tank during continuous ultrasound and movement. We achieved symbol rates of up to 104 kBd, and were able to transfer data through 20 cm of water and through a 5 cm tissue phantom with additional misalignment and during movements. This approach could provide a robust uplink for miniaturized implants that are located deep inside the body and need continuous ultrasonic powering.

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  24. Chitosan oligosaccharide laser lithograph: a facile route to porous graphene electrodes for flexible on-chip microsupercomputers
    QM Huang; HR Yang; SG Wang; X Liu; CJ Tanand; QH Zong; CS Gao; SZ Li; PJ French; HY Ye;
    ACS Applied Materials & Interface,
    Volume 16, 2024. DOI: doi: 10.1021/ascami.4c2139

  25. Permanent magnet systems to study the interaction between magnetic nanoparticles and cells in microslide channels
    Abelmann, Leon; Gwag, Eunheui; Sung, Baeckkyoung;
    Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials,
    Volume 591, 2024. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmmm.2023.171696
    Keywords: ... 3D printing; Cell culture; Cells; Hematite; Nanomagnetics; Cylindrical magnets; Force density; Halbach array; Hepg4; Magnet systems; Magnetic force; Micromod; Optimized designs; Soft magnetics; Uniform force; Permanent magnets.

    Abstract: ... We optimized designs of permanent magnet systems to study the effect of magnetic nanoparticles on cell cultures in microslide channels. This produced two designs, one of which is based on a large cylindrical magnet that applies a uniform force density of 6 MN/m3 on soft magnetic iron-oxide spherical nanoparticles at a field strength of over 300 mT. We achieved a force uniformity of better than 14 % over the channel area, leading to a concentration variation that was below our measurement resolution. The second design was aimed at maximizing the force by using a Halbach array. We indeed increased the force by more than one order of magnitude at force density values over 400 MN/m3, but at the cost of uniformity. However, the latter system can be used to trap magnetic nanoparticles efficiently and to create concentration gradients. We demonstrated both designs by analyzing the effect of magnetic forces on the cell viability of human hepatoma Hep G2 cells in the presence of bare Fe2O3 and cross-linked dextran iron-oxide cluster-type particles (MicroMod). Python scripts for magnetic force calculations and particle trajectory modeling as well as source files for 3D prints have been made available so these designs can be easily adapted and optimized for other geometries. © 2023

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  26. Enhanced magnetic halloysite nanotubes for dye removal at different pH conditions
    Nguyen, Ngoc Quang; Jeong, Younhee; Abelmann, Leon; Ryu, Jungju; Sohn, Daewon;
    Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects,
    Volume 680, 2024. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2023.132631
    Keywords: ... Kaolinite; Raman spectroscopy; Ultraviolet visible spectroscopy; Wastewater treatment; halloysite nanotube; Dye absorption; Dye removal; Dyes adsorptions; Eco-friendly; Halloysite; Halloysite nanotubes; Magnetic particle; pH condition; Structures and properties; Sunset yellows; absorption; Article; chemical structure; controlled study; energy dispersive X ray spectroscopy; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; pH; Raman spectrometry; scanning electron microscopy; transmission electron microscopy; ultraviolet visible spectroscopy; waste component removal; waste water management; X ray diffraction; X ray photoemission spectroscopy; zeta potential; Nanotubes.

    Abstract: ... Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) have been extensively investigated for potential utilization due to their unique structure and properties as a type of natural, eco-friendly clay. The synthesis and modification of magnetic halloysite nanotubes was studied using several experimental techniques including SEM, TEM, FT-IR, Raman spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and BET. Dye absorption experiments were conducted to understand bonding using EDS, XPS, XRD, and Raman spectroscopy. In this study, we evaluated Sunset Yellow FCF (SY) dye removal as a model to understand bonding structures among magnetic HNTs, magnetic particles, and dye molecules. We focus on the interactions of SY-magnetic HNTs and characteristics of magnetization by VSM after SY dye adsorption, which highlight the notable features of magnetic halloysite nanotubes. We used different pH environments to study the behavior of magnetic HNTs after dye absorption. The application of these modified HNTs is promising for future organic dye removal and wastewater treatment. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.

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  27. Exploring PEMFCs for Powering Untethered Small-Scale Robots
    Manikandan, Aiswarya Lakshmi; Gurboga, Berfin; Munzenrieder, Niko; Raman, Akash; Gardeniers, Han J. G. E.; Susarrey-Arce, Arturo; Abelmann, Leon; Khalil, Islam S. M.;
    conference, 2024. DOI: 10.1109/BioRob60516.2024.10719906
    Keywords: ... Activation energy; Breath controlled devices; Hydrogen fuels; Intelligent robots; Medical robotics; Active area; Active electrodes; Cell-be; Cell/B.E; Cell/BE; Electrode areas; On-board batteries; Power; Proton exchange membranes; Small scale; Redox reactions.

    Abstract: ... Magnetically guided untethered devices are used in a variety of medical applications. These devices are typically powered by onboard battery units. Hydrogen fuel cells (FC) are a promising alternative power source for such small-scale devices since they rely on a sustainable fuels which produce electric power from the redox reaction of hydrogen and oxygen across a proton exchange membrane (PEM). Understanding the impact of decreasing the active electrode area in FCs is crucial for deploying FCs in untethered devices and gaining insights into the challenges of downscaling the devices. This paper investigates the performance of PEM FCs (PEMFCs) when their active area is reduced, and when the FC is supplied with reactants at different flow rates from a PEM electrolyzer. PEMFCs with three active electrode areas, 3.5 × 3.5 cm2, 2.7×2.7 cm2, and 1.6×1.6 cm2were designed, fabricated, and characterised. Maximum fuel cell output powers of 0.3 W, 0.09 W, and 0.03 W (maximum power densities of 0.025 W/cm2, 0.012 W/cm2, and 0.013 W/cm2) corresponding to the three aforementioned areas were achieved. Mathematical modeling of the PEMFC simulated the FC response, providing insights into the activation kinetics of the fuel cell. The smallest PEMFC with an active area of 1.6 × 1.6 cm2was used to power an inductor coil (rated 130 mA, 150 mH, 8 Ω). This study can guide the development of FCs to power untethered devices. © 2024 IEEE.

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  28. FLEXIBLE HIGH-SENSITIVITY STRAIN SENSOR FABRICATED WITH PDMS MICRO-CHANNEL ARRAY USING LASER TRANSMISSION PYROLYSIS TECHNOLOGY
    Shaogang Wang; Qihang Zong; Huiru Yang; Qianming Huang; Huaiyu Ye; Paddy French;
    In IEEE (Ed.), IEEE MEMS 2024,
    IEEE, January 2024.
    Keywords: ... Stretchable strain sensor, Metal film, UV laser, Laser transmission pyrolysis, PDMS pattering.

    Abstract: ... In recent years, flexible strain sensors based on metal cracks have garnered significant interest for their exceptional sensitivity. However, striking a balance between sensitivity and detection range remains a significant challenge, which often limits its wider application. Herein, we introduce an innovative laser transmission pyrolysis technology to fabricate high performance flexible strain sensors based on (Au) metal cracks with a microchannel array on the PDMS surface. The fabricated flexible strain sensors exhibit high sensitivity, wide detection range, precise strain resolution,fast response and recovery times, and robust durability. Furthermore, this technology has potential applications in microfluidics, microelectromechanical systems and optical sensing.

  29. Transfer-free Fabrication and Characterisation of Transparent Multilayer CVD Graphene MEAs for in-vitro Optogenetic Applications
    Gonzalo León Gonzáles; Shanliang Deng; Sten Vollebregt; Vasiliki Giagka;
    In Proc. IEEE MeMeA 2024,
    2024.
    document

  30. A lamb wave based liquid sensor for biomedical applications
    Widesh Gahar; Johan Meyer; Alper Sisman; Erdal Korkmaz; Paddy French;
    In Smart Systems Integration Conference,
    2024.

  31. A Love-Mode Surface Acoustic Wave Based Sensor for Biosensing Applications in Liquid Samples
    Johan Meyer; Widesh Gahar; Alper Sisman; Erdal Korkmaz; Paddy French;
    In Smart Systems Integration Conference,
    2024.

  32. Advanced NO2 Gas Sensor Fabrication through UV Laser-Induced Selective Reduction Laser Sintering
    Shaogang Wang; Qihang Zong; Huiru Yang; Qianming Huang; Huaiyu Ye; Paddy French;
    In IEEE NEMS 2024,
    Kyoto, Japan, 2024.

  33. Chitosan Oligosaccharide Laser Lithograph: A Facile Route to Porous Graphene Electrodes for Flexible On-Chip Microsupercapacitors
    Qian-Ming Huang; Huiru Yang; Shaogang Wang; Guoqi Zhang; Paddy French; Huaiyu Ye;
    In Proceedings IEEE NEMS 2024,
    IEEE, IEEE, May 2024.

  34. Reliability Analysis of Cu Sintered Die-Attach for SiC Power Devices: Mechanical, Electrical, and Thermal Evaluation
    Xu Liu; Shaogang Wang; Dong Hu; Chenshan Gao; Qianming Huang; Huaiyu Ye; Paddy French; Guoqi Zhang;
    In IEEE 74th Electronic Components and Technology Conference (ECTC),
    Denver, Colorado, IEEE, IEEE, May 2024.

  35. Silicon carbide for sensors and electronics
    PJ French;
    In European Materials Congress,
    2024.

  36. Simultaneous detection of oxygen tension and pH for organ health monitoring during transplants
    Avik Sett; Robbert Friendwijk; Shaogang Wang; Ger de Graaf; Massimo Mastrangeli; Paddy French;
    In Peoceeding MNE 2024,
    2024.

  37. Fabrication of pH and oxygen sensors for monitoring myocardial ischaemia during open heart surgery
    Avik Sett; Robbert Friendwijk; Alireza Tajeddin; Massimo Mastrangeli; Paddy French;
    In Proceeding 6th International confernce on Sensors & transducers, 2024, UEMCOS’24, Kolkata, India,
    September 2024.

  38. NiO-Doped Laser-Induced Graphene: A High-Performance Flexible Temperature Sensor
    Shaogang Wang; Chunjian Tan; Qihang Zong; Avik Sett; Huaiyu Ye; Paddy French;
    In IEEE (Ed.), Proceedings IEEE Sensors,
    2024.

  39. An Ultrasound-Powering TX with a Global Charge-Redistribution Adiabatic Drive Achieving 69% Power Reduction and 53° Maximum Beam Steering Angle for Implantable Applications
    Marios Gourdouparis; Chengyao Shi; Yuming He; Stefano Stanzione; Robert Ukropec; Pieter Gijsenbergh; Veronique Rochus; Nick Van Helleputte; Wouter Serdijn; Yao-Hong Liu;
    In Proc. 2024 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference (ISSCC),
    San Francisco, CA, USA, Febr. 2024.
    document

  40. Ultrasound phased array patch on flexible CMOS and methods for fabricating thereof
    Kenneth Shepard; Tiago Costa; Kevin Tien; Chen Shi;
    Patent, US11937981B2, 2024.
    document

  41. Optical techniques for biomedical analysis
    Munich, Germany: , 2024.

  42. Development of a microfluidic device for low-volume sample lysis
    Abbas Husseini; Ali Mohammad Yazdani; Alper Sisman;
    Microfluidics and Nanofluidics,
    2023.

  43. A Plant-inspired Light Transducer for High-performance Near-infrared Light Mediated Gas Sensing
    Hongping Liang; Xin Guo; Lanpeng Guo; Siying Liu; Qiuqiang Zhan; Haihong Yang; Hao Li; Nicolaas Frans de Rooij; Yi-Kuen Lee; Paddy J. French; Yao Wang; Guofu Zhou;
    Advanced Functional Materials,
    Issue 2215099, pp. 10, 2023. DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202215099
    Abstract: ... Constructing near-infrared light (NIR) light-enhanced room temperature gas sensors is becoming more promising for practical application. In this study, learning from the structure and photosynthetic process of chlorophyll thylakoid membranes in plants, the first “Thylakoid membrane” structural formaldehyde (HCHO) sensor is constructed by matching the upconversion emission of the lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) and the UV–vis adsorp- tion of the as-prepared nanocomposites. The NIR-mediated sensor exhibits excellent performances, including ultra-high response (Ra / Rg = 2.22, 1 ppm), low practical limit of detection (50 ppb), reliable repeatability, high selectivity,and broadband spectral response. The practicality of the NIR-mediated gas sensor is confirmed through the remote and external stimulation test. A study of sensing mechanism demonstrates that it is the UCNPs-based light transducer produces more light-induced oxygen species for gas response in the process of non-radiative/radiative energy transfer, playing a key role in significantly improving the sensing properties of the sensor. The universality of NIR-mediated gas sensors based on UCNPs is verified using ZnO, In2O3, and SnO2 systems. This work paves a way for fabricating high-performance NIR-mediated gas sensors and will expand the application fields of NIR light.

  44. Large-Area and Visible-Light-Driven Heterojunctions of In2O3/Graphene Built for ppb-Level Formaldehyde Detection at Room Temperature
    L Guo; H Liang; H Hu; S Shi; C Wang; H Li; YK Lee; PJ French; Y Wang;
    ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces,
    Volume 15, pp. 15, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.3c00218
    Keywords: ... In2O3 nanorods, supramolecularly functionalized graphene, formaldehyde sensing, room temperature, visible-light-driven heterojunctions.

    Abstract: ... Achieving convenient and accurate detection of indoor ppb-level form- aldehyde is an urgent requirement to ensure a healthy working and living environment for people. Herein, ultrasmall In2O3 nanorods and supramolecularly functionalized reduced graphene oxide are selected as hybrid components of visible-light-driven (VLD) heterojunctions to fabricate ppb-level formaldehyde (HCHO) gas sensors (named InAG sensors). Under 405 nm visible light illumination, the sensor exhibits an outstanding response toward ppb-level HCHO at room temperature, including the ultralow practical limit of detection (pLOD) of 5 ppb, high response (Ra/Rg = 2.4, 500 ppb), relatively short response/recovery time (119 s/179 s, 500 ppb), high selectivity, and long-term stability. The ultrasensitive room temperature HCHO-sensing property is derived from visible-light-driven and large-area heterojunctions between ultrasmall In2O3 nanorods and supra-molecularly functionalized graphene nanosheets. The performance of the actual detection toward HCHO is evaluated in a 3 m3 test chamber, confirming the practicability and reliability of the InAG sensor. This work provides an effective strategy for the development of low-power-consumption ppb-level gas sensors.

  45. Reverse Recovery Optimization of Multiepi Superjunction MOSFET Based on Tunable Doping Profile
    Ke Liu; Chunjian Tan; Shizhen Li; Wucheng Yuan; Xu Liu; Guoqi Zhang; Paddy French; Huaiyu Ye; Shaogang Wang;
    Electronics,
    Volume 12, Issue 2977, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12132977
    Keywords: ... superjunction; MOSFET; doping profile; reverse recovery; body diode.

    Abstract: ... This paper proposes and simulates research on the reverse recovery characteristics of two novel superjunction (SJ) MOSFETs by adjusting the doping profile. In the manufacturing process of the SJ MOSFET using multilayer epitaxial deposition (MED), the position and concentration of each Boron bubble can be adjusted by designing different doping profiles to adjust the resistance of the upper half P-pillar. A higher P-pillar resistance can slow down the sweep out speed of hole carriers when the body diode is turned off, thus resulting in a smoother reverse recovery current and reducing the current recovery rate (dir/dt) from a peak to zero. The simulation results show that the reverse recovery peak current (Irrm) of the two proposed devices decreased by 5% and 3%, respectively, compared to the conventional SJ. Additionally, the softness factor (S) increased by 64% and 55%, respectively. Furthermore, this study also demonstrates a trade-off relationship between static and reverse recovery characteristics with the adjustable doping profile, thus providing a guideline for actual application scenarios.

  46. Patching sulfur vacancies: A versatile approach for achieving ultrasensitive gas sensors based on transition metal dichalcogenides
    Xiangcheng Liu; Yue Niu; Duo Jin; Junwei Zeng; Wanjiang Li; Lirong Wang; Zhipeng Hou; Yancong Feng; Hao Li; Haihong Yang; Yi-Kuen Lee; Paddy J. French; Yao Wang; Guofu Zhou;
    Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,
    Volume 649, pp. 909-917, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2023.06.092.
    Keywords: ... 2D materials Transition metal dichalcogenides Gas sensing Patching sulfur vacancies N-doping.

    Abstract: ... Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) garner significant attention for their potential to create high-performance gas sensors. Despite their favorable properties such as tunable bandgap, high carrier mobility, and large surface-to-volume ratio, the performance of TMDCs devices is compromised by sulfur vacancies, which reduce carrier mobility. To mitigate this issue, we propose a simple and universal approach for patching sulfur vacancies, wherein thiol groups are inserted to repair sulfur vacancies. The sulfur vacancy patching (SVP) approach is applied to fabricate a MoS2-based gas sensor using mechanical exfoliation and all-dry transfer methods, and the resulting 4-nitrothiophenol (4NTP) repaired molybdenum disulfide (4NTP-MoS2) is prepared via a sample solution process. Our results show that 4NTP-MoS2 exhibits higher response (increased by 200 %) to ppb-level NO2 with shorter response/recovery times (61/82 s) and better selectivity at 25 °C compared to pristine MoS2. Notably, the limit of detection (LOD) toward NO2 of 4NTP-MoS2 is 10 ppb. Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) and density functional theory (DFT) reveal that the improved gas sensing performance is mainly attributed to the 4NTP-induced n-doping effect on MoS2 and the corresponding increment of surface absorption energy to NO2. Additionally, our 4NTP-induced SVP approach is universal for enhancing gas sensing properties of other TMDCs, such as MoSe2, WS2, and WSe2.

  47. Data Compression Versus Signal Fidelity Tradeoff in Wired-OR Analog-to-Digital Compressive Arrays for Neural Recording
    Pumiao Yan; Arash Akhoundi; Nishal P Shah; Pulkit Tandon; Dante G Muratore; EJ Chichilnisky; Boris Murmann;
    IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems,
    July 2023. DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2023.3292058

  48. Rapid Fabrication of High-Performance Flexible Pressure Sensors Using Laser Pyrolysis Direct Writing
    Shaogang Wang; Qihang Zong; Huiru Yang; Chunjian Tan; Qianming Huang; Xu Liu; Guoqi Zhang; Paddy French; Huaiyu Ye;
    Applied Materials and Interfaces,
    2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.3c04290
    Keywords: ... flexible pressure sensor, UV laser, laser direct writing, continuous laser pyrolysis, PDMS, micro-truncated pyramid.

    Abstract: ... The fabrication of flexible pressure sensors with low cost, high scalability, and easy fabrication is an essential driving force in developing flexible electronics, especially for high-performance sensors that require precise surface microstructures. However, optimizing complex fabrication processes and expensive microfabrication methods remains a significant challenge. In this study, we introduce a laser pyrolysis direct writing technology that enables rapid and efficient fabrication of high-performance flexible pressure sensors with a microtruncated pyramid array. The pressure sensor demonstrates exceptional sensitivities, with the values of 3132.0, 322.5, and 27.8 kPa−1 in the pressure ranges of 0−0.5, 0.5−3.5, and 3.5−10 kPa, respectively. Furthermore, the sensor exhibits rapid response times (loading: 22 ms, unloading: 18 ms) and exceptional reliability, enduring over 3000 pressure loading and unloading cycles. Moreover, the pressure sensor can be easily integrated into a sensor array for spatial pressure distribution detection. The laser pyrolysis direct writing technology introduced in this study presents a highly efficient and promising approach to designing and fabricating high-performance flexible pressure sensors utilizing micro-structured polymer substrates.

  49. The (Intra-Aortic) Hematopoietic Cluster Cocktail: What is in the Mix?
    Chris S. Vink; Elaine Dzierzak;
    Experimental Hematology,
    Volume 118, pp. 1--11, February 2023. DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2022.12.002
    document

  50. Fabrication of high-performance visible-blind ultraviolet photodetectors using electro-ionic conducting supramolecular nanofibers
    S. Kundu; S. J. George; G. U. Kulkarni;
    ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces,
    Issue 15, pp. 19270, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.3c00716

  51. Emulating Ebbinghaus forgetting behavior in a neuromorphic device based on 1D supramolecular nanofibres
    T.S. Rao; S. Kundu; B. Bannur; S. J. George; G. U. Kulkarni;
    Nanoscale,
    Issue 15(16), pp. 7450-7459, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/D3NR00195D

  52. Emulating Ebbinghaus forgetting behavior in a neuromorphic device based on 1D supramolecular nanofibres
    T. S. Rao; S. Kundu; B. Bannur; S. J. George; G. U. Kulkarni;
    Nanoscale,
    Issue 15(16), pp. 7450-7459, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/D3NR00195D

  53. De Novo Hematopoietic (Stem) Cell Generation — A Differentiation or Stochastic Process?
    Chris S. Vink; Anna Popravko; Elaine Dzierzak;
    Current Opinion in Cell Biology,
    Volume 85, Issue 102255, pp. 1--9, December 2023. DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2023.102255
    document

  54. A bio-inspired and switchable H+/OH− ion-channel for room temperature exhaled CO2 chemiresistive sensing
    Honghao Chen; Ruofei Lu; Yixun Gao; Xiaorui Yue; Haihong Yang; Hao Li; Yi-Kuen Lee; Paddy J. French; Yao Wang; Guofu Zhouab;
    Journal of Materials Chemistry A,
    Volume 11, Issue 21959-21971, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/D3TA04685K
    Abstract: ... Inspired by the CO2-induced reversible activation mechanism of the slow anion channel 1 (SLAC1) in plant stomatal guard cells during plant photosynthesis, we designed and prepared a CO2- switchable H+/OH− ion channel (CSPH ion channel). A high-performance chemiresistive room temperature CO2 sensor has been prepared based on this CSPH ion channel. The obtained CO2 room temperature sensor γ-CD-MOF@RhB exhibits high sensitivity (Rg/R0 = 1.50, 100 ppm), excellent selectivity, good stability (less than 5% reduction in 30 days response value), and 99.96% consistency with commercial infrared CO2 meter. The practical limit of detection (pLOD) of the γ-CD-MOF@RhB sensor reaches 10 ppm at room temperature toward CO2, which is the lowest for reported MOF-derived chemiresistive room temperature CO2 sensors so far. Ion conduction mechanism studies have shown that the CSPH ion channel behaves as a CO2-switchable H+/OH− ion channel with a switching point of approximately 60 000 ppm CO2. As an application attempt, the fabricated low pLOD CO2 sensor has been used for human exhaled CO2 detection to compare CO2 concentration in the breath of individuals before and after exercise and COVID-19. It was also logically indicated that the average concentration of human exhaled CO2 after COVID-19 recovery is different for undiseased subjects.

  55. Spread-spectrum modulated multi-channel biosignal acquisition using a shared analog CMOS front-end
    Samprajani Rout; Bert Monna; Fabio Pareschi; Gianluca Setti; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems,
    2023. DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2023.3317188
    document

  56. A 2D Ultrasound Phased-Array Transmitter ASIC for High-Frequency US Stimulation and Powering
    Hassan Rivandi; Tiago L. Costa;
    IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems (IEEE TbioCAS),
    2023. DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2023.3288891

  57. Hybrid neuroelectronics: towards a solution-centric way of thinking about complex problems in neurostimulation tools
    Sofia Drakopoulou; Francesc Varkevisser; Linta Sohail; Masoumeh Aqamolaei; Tiago L. Costa; George D. Spyropoulos;
    Frontiers in Electronics,
    2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/felec.2023.1250655

  58. Self-Assembled Lenalidomide/AIE Prodrug Nanobomb for Tumor Imaging and Cancer Therapy
    Zhijian Mai; Nengjie Cao; Erzhuo Cheng; Zhiwen Zeng; Yancong Feng; Yao Wang; Paddy J. French; Yi-Kuen Lee; Haihong Yang; Bin Yang; Hao Li; Guofu Zhou;
    Applied Nano Materials,
    Volume 6, pp. 19807-19817, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.3c03611
    Keywords: ... small-molecule prodrug, Schiff base linkage, aggregation-induced emission, self-assembly, tumor-targeted diagnosis and therapy.

    Abstract: ... To develop multifunctional small-molecule prodrugs is highly desirable for cancer treatment but remains challenging in intrinsic traceability. As an acid-cleavable linkage, a Schiff bases benefiting from its distinctive fluorescence quenching ability was selected to prepare a small-molecule prodrug with cancer-targeted and self-indicating. In this study, we designed and developed a multifunctional self-assembled nanobomb of amphiphilic TPE-Lenalidomide prodrug, which comprises a hydrophobic aggregation-induced emission (AIE) probe 4-(1,2,2- triphenylvinyl)benzaldehyde (TPE-CHO) and a hydrophilic anticancer drug Lenalidomide via a Schiff base linkage. We investigated the synergistic effect of d-PET and CN isomerization which would keep the fluorescence of TPE-Lenalidomide in the “always off” state by density functional theory (DFT) calculation. Once reaching the pathological site, such a vesicular nanobomb of TPE-Lenalidomide will be acidolyzed to release the AIE probe and Lenalidomide molecules simultaneously, consequently realizing high-efficiency effects of tumor imaging and cancer therapy (cell viability: normal cell L929, ∼79.49%; cancer cell 4T1, ∼27.08%; p = 0.000118). This work may pave an avenue to prepare small-molecule prodrugs for tumor-targeted diagnosis and cancer therapy.

  59. High-Performance Flexible Strain Sensor Fabricated Using Laser Transmission Pyrolysis
    Shaogang Wang; Huiru Yang; Qihang Zong; Qianming Huang; Chunjian Tan; Chenshan Gao; Shizhen Li; Huaiyu Ye; Guoqi Zhangand; Paddy French;
    IEEE Sensors Journal,
    2023. DOI: doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2023.3337233
    Keywords: ... Stretchable strain sensors, Metal film, UV laser, Laer transmission pyrolysis, PDMS pattering..

    Abstract: ... In recent years, metal crack-based stretchable flexible strain sensors have attracted significant attention in wearable device applications due to their extremely high sensitivity. However, the trade-off between sensitivity and detection range has been an intractable dilemma, severely limiting their practical applications. Herein, we propose a laser transmission pyrolysis technology for fabricating high-performance flexible strain sensors based on (Au) metal cracks with the microchannel array on the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) surface. The fabricated flexible strain sensors exhibit high sensitivity (gauge factor of 2448), wide detection range (59% for tensile strain), precise strain resolution (0.1%), fast response and recovery times (69 ms and 141 ms), and robust durability (over 3000 cycles). In addition, experiment and simulation results reveal that introducing a microchannel array enables the stress distribution strategy on the sensor surface, which significantly improves the sensing sensitivity compared to conventional flat surface sensors. Based on the excellent performance, the sensors are applied to detect subtle physiological signals such as pulse and swallowing, as well as to monitor large-scale motion signals such as knee flexion and finger bending, demonstrating their potential applications in health monitoring, human-machine interactions, and electronic skin

  60. A 1024-Channel 268-nW/Pixel 36×36μm2/Channel Data-Compressive Neural Recording IC for High-Bandwidth Brain–Computer Interfaces
    Jang, Moonhyung; Hays, Maddy; Yu, Wei-Han; Lee, Changuk; Caragiulo, Pietro; Ramkaj, Athanasios T.; Wang, Pingyu; Phillips, A. J.; Vitale, Nicholas; Tandon, Pulkit; Yan, Pumiao; Mak, Pui-In; Chae, Youngcheol; Chichilnisky, E. J.; Murmann, Boris; Muratore, Dante G.;
    IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits,
    December 2023. DOI: 10.1109/JSSC.2023.3344798

  61. Photo-Chemical Stimulation of Neurons with Organic Semiconductors
    Savva, Achilleas; Hama, Adel; Herrera-López, Gabriel; Schmidt, Tony; Migliaccio, Ludovico; Steiner, Nadia; Kawan, Malak; Fiumelli, Hubert; Magistretti, Pierre J.; McCulloch, Iain; Baran, Derya; Gasparini, Nicola; Schindl, Rainer; Głowacki, Eric D.; Inal, Sahika;
    Advanced Science,
    Volume 10, Issue 31, pp. 2300473, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202300473
    Keywords: ... non-fullerene acceptors, organic bioelectronics, photo-stimulation.

    Abstract: ... Abstract Recent advances in light-responsive materials enabled the development of devices that can wirelessly activate tissue with light. Here it is shown that solution-processed organic heterojunctions can stimulate the activity of primary neurons at low intensities of light via photochemical reactions. The p-type semiconducting polymer PDCBT and the n-type semiconducting small molecule ITIC (a non-fullerene acceptor) are coated on glass supports, forming a p–n junction with high photosensitivity. Patch clamp measurements show that low-intensity white light is converted into a cue that triggers action potentials in primary cortical neurons. The study shows that neat organic semiconducting p–n bilayers can exchange photogenerated charges with oxygen and other chemical compounds in cell culture conditions. Through several controlled experimental conditions, photo-capacitive, photo-thermal, and direct hydrogen peroxide effects on neural function are excluded, with photochemical delivery being the possible mechanism. The profound advantages of low-intensity photo-chemical intervention with neuron electrophysiology pave the way for developing wireless light-based therapy based on emerging organic semiconductors.

    document

  62. 3D organic bioelectronics for electrical monitoring of human adult stem cells
    Savva, Achilleas; Saez, Janire; Withers, Aimee; Barberio, Chiara; Stoeger, Verena; Elias-Kirma, Shani; Lu, Zixuan; Moysidou, Chrysanthi-Maria; Kallitsis, Konstantinos; Pitsalidis, Charalampos; Owens, Róisín M.;
    Mater. Horiz.,
    Volume 10, pp. 3589-3600, 2023. DOI: 10.1039/D3MH00785E
    Abstract: ... Three-dimensional in vitro stem cell models have enabled a fundamental understanding of cues that direct stem cell fate. While sophisticated 3D tissues can be generated{,} technology that can accurately monitor these complex models in a high-throughput and non-invasive manner is not well adapted. Here we show the development of 3D bioelectronic devices based on the electroactive polymer poly(3{,}4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate)–(PEDOT:PSS) and their use for non-invasive{,} electrical monitoring of stem cell growth. We show that the electrical{,} mechanical and wetting properties as well as the pore size/architecture of 3D PEDOT:PSS scaffolds can be fine-tuned simply by changing the processing crosslinker additive. We present a comprehensive characterization of both 2D PEDOT:PSS thin films of controlled thicknesses{,} and 3D porous PEDOT:PSS structures made by the freeze-drying technique. By slicing the bulky scaffolds we generate homogeneous{,} porous 250 μm thick PEDOT:PSS slices{,} constituting biocompatible 3D constructs able to support stem cell cultures. These multifunctional slices are attached on indium-tin oxide substrates (ITO) with the help of an electrically active adhesion layer{,} enabling 3D bioelectronic devices with a characteristic and reproducible{,} frequency dependent impedance response. This response changes drastically when human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs) grow within the porous PEDOT:PSS network as revealed by fluorescence microscopy. The increase of cell population within the PEDOT:PSS porous network impedes the charge flow at the interface between PEDOT:PSS and ITO{,} enabling the interface resistance (R1) to be used as a figure of merit to monitor the proliferation of stem cells. The non-invasive monitoring of stem cell growth allows for the subsequent differentiation 3D stem cell cultures into neuron like cells{,} as verified by immunofluorescence and RT-qPCR measurements. The strategy of controlling important properties of 3D PEDOT:PSS structures simply by altering processing parameters can be applied for development of a number of stem cell in vitro models as well as stem cell differentiation pathways. We believe the results presented here will advance 3D bioelectronic technology for both fundamental understanding of in vitro stem cell cultures as well as the development of personalized therapies.

    document

  63. Construction of Flower-like ZnO Nanoclusters on Functionalized Graphene Nanosheets for Room Temperature Formaldehyde Sensing
    Hu, Huiyun; Guo, Lanpeng; Liang, Hongping; Lu, Ruofei; Lv, Sitao; Wang, Chenxu; Liu, Liming; Yang, Haihong; Lee, Yi-Kuen; French, Paddy J.; Li, Hao; Wang, Yao; Zhou, Guofu;
    Current Chinese Science,
    Volume 3, pp. 275-284, 2023. DOI: https://doi-org.tudelft.idm.oclc.org/10.2174/221029810366623
    Keywords: ... ZnO, graphene, dipole, formaldehyde, room temperature gas sensor, HCHO sensor.

    Abstract: ... Background: Formaldehyde (HCHO) is one of the sources of indoor air pollution and a recognized carcinogenic gas, which sets a huge threat to human health. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a formaldehyde gas sensor with high efficiency, low consumption, and low limit of detection. Methods: With solvothermal and supramolecular assembly methods, we fabricate a nanocom-posite of ZnO/5-aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid (ANS)-reduced graphene oxide (rGO) through in situ assembling flower-like ZnO nanoclusters on ANS-modified graphene nanosheets for room temperature formaldehyde detection. Results: The flower-like ZnO/ANS-rGO based gas sensor exhibits high response (32%, 5 ppm), ultra-fast response/recovery times (18/23 s), high selectivity, long-term stability and a low practical limit of detection (pLOD) of 1 ppm toward HCHO at room temperature, offering significant advantages and competitiveness in chemiresistive room temperature HCHO sensors. Conclusion: The unique flower-like nanostructure of ZnO and the functionalization with ANS molecules jointly improved the HCHO sensing performance of the composite at room temperature. This work provides a new approach to designing and preparing high-performance room temperature gas sensing materials

  64. Asymptotic homogenization in the determination of effective intrinsic magnetic properties of composites
    Soyarslan, Celal; Havinga, Jos; Abelmann, Leon; van den Boogaard, Ton;
    Results in Physics,
    Volume 44, 2023. All Open Access, Gold Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1016/j.rinp.2022.106188
    Abstract: ... We present a computational framework for two-scale asymptotic homogenization to determine the intrinsic magnetic permeability of composites. To this end, considering linear magnetostatics, both vector and scalar potential formulations are used. Our homogenization algorithm for solving the cell problem is based on the displacement method presented in Lukkassen et al. 1995, Composites Engineering, 5(5), 519-531. We propose the use of the meridional eccentricity of the permeability tensor ellipsoid as an anisotropy index quantifying the degree of directionality in the linear magnetic response. As application problems, 2D regular and random microstructures with overlapping and nonoverlapping monodisperse disks, all of which are periodic, are considered. We show that, for the vanishing corrector function, the derived effective magnetic permeability tensor gives the (lower) Reuss and (upper) Voigt bounds with the vector and scalar potential formulations, respectively. Our results with periodic boundary conditions show an excellent agreement with analytical solutions for regular composites, whereas, for random heterogeneous materials, their convergence with volume element size is fast. Predictions for material systems with monodisperse overlapping disks for a given inclusion volume fraction provide the highest magnetic permeability with the most increased inclusion interaction. In contrast, the disk arrangements in regular square lattices result in the lowest magnetic permeability and inadequate inclusion interaction. Such differences are beyond the reach of the isotropic effective medium theories, which use only the phase volume fraction and shape as mere statistical microstructural descriptors. © 2023 The Authors

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  65. Magnetic Soft Helical Manipulators with Local Dipole Interactions for Flexibility and Forces
    Richter, Michiel; Kaya, Mert; Sikorski, Jakub; Abelmann, Leon; Kalpathy Venkiteswaran, Venkatasubramanian; Misra, Sarthak;
    Soft Robotics,
    Volume 10, Issue 3, pp. 647 – 659, 2023. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1089/soro.2022.0031
    Keywords: ... Magnetic Fields; Magnetics; Magnets; Phantoms, Imaging; Dipole moment; Economic and social effects; Functional polymers; Magnetic fields; Magnetic moments; Medical applications; Permanent magnets; Continuum robot; Cosserat rod; Dipole interaction; Direct contact; External magnetic field; Flexibility; Flexible magnetics; Local dipole interaction; Magnetic continuum manipulator; Manipulator designs; magnetic field; magnetism; Manipulators.

    Abstract: ... Magnetic continuum manipulators (MCMs) are a class of continuum robots that can be actuated without direct contact by an external magnetic field. MCMs operating in confined workspaces, such as those targeting medical applications, require flexible magnetic structures that contain combinations of magnetic components and polymers to navigate long and tortuous paths. In cylindrical MCM designs, a significant trade-off exists between magnetic moment and bending flexibility as the ratio between length and diameter decreases. In this study, we propose a new MCM design framework that enables increasing diameter without compromising on flexibility and magnetic moment. Magnetic soft composite helices constitute bending regions of the MCM and are separated by permanent ring magnets. Local dipole interactions between the permanent magnets can reduce bending stiffness, depending on their size and spacing. For the particular segment geometry presented herein, the local dipole interactions result in a 31% increase in angular deflection of composite helices inside an external magnetic field, compared to helices without local interactions. In addition, we demonstrate fabrication, maneuverability, and example applications of a multisegment MCM in a phantom of the abdominal aorta, such as passing contrast dye and guidewires. © Copyright 2023, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers 2023.

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  66. Influence of sputter pressure on magnetic and structural properties of Permalloy thin films
    Singh, Sukhvinder; Abelmann, Leon; Gao, Haibin; Hartmann, Uwe;
    Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials,
    Volume 586, 2023. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmmm.2023.171138
    Keywords: ... Film preparation; Iron alloys; Magnetic force microscopy; Magnetic thin films; Nickel alloys; Argon pressure; Domain configurations; Increase in pressure; Magnetic-force microscopy; Permalloy films; Permalloy thin films; Permalloys; Pressure domain; Sputter pressure; Sputtering; Magnetic domains.

    Abstract: ... Well-defined and technically relevant domain configurations are sought in patterned magnetic thin films. We used Magnetic Force Microscopy to investigate these in square-patterned Permalloy films. The films were prepared using dc sputter deposition by varying the Argon pressure from 1.5×10−3 to 30.0×10−3 mbar. The Landau domain configuration was found in films prepared at 1.5×10−3 mbar pressure. With an increase in pressure, tulip and irregular domains were consecutively formed. Based on magnetic and structural characterizations, an increase in coercivity and a decrease in Permalloy film density were observed at the same time. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.

    document

  67. Influence of Nanoparticle Coating on the Differential Magnetometry and Wireless Actuation of Biohybrid Microrobots
    Magdanz, Veronika; Cumming, Jack R.; Salamzadeh, Sadaf; Tesselaar, Sven; Alic, Lejla; Abelmann, Leon; Khalil, Islam S. M.;
    conference, 2023. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/IROS55552.2023.10341258
    Keywords: ... Cells; Chemical activation; Cytology; Magnetic materials; Magnetometers; Nanomagnetics; Nanoparticles; Bio-hybrids; Detection coils; Electrostatic attractions; Faraday Law; Localisation; Magnetic excitations; Micro robots; Nanoparticle coatings; Pulse echoes; Sperm cells; Magnetometry.

    Abstract: ... Magnetic nanoparticles can be electrostatically assembled around sperm cells to form biohybrid microrobots. These biohybrid microrobots possess sufficient magnetic material to potentially allow for pulse-echo localization and wireless actuation. Alternatively, magnetic excitation of these nanoparticles can be used for localization based on Faraday's law of induction using a detection coil. Here, we investigate the influence of the electrostatic attraction between positively charged nanoparticles and negatively charged sperm cells on the activation of the nanoparticles during nonlinear differential magnetometry and wireless magnetic actuation. Activation of clusters of free nanoparticles and nanoparticles bound to the body of sperm cells is achieved by a combination of a high- frequency alternating field and a pulsating static field. The nonlinear response in both cases indicates that constraining the nanoparticles is likely to yield significant decreases in the magnetometry sensitivity. While the attachment of particles to the cells enables wireless actuation (rolling locomotion), the rate of change of the magnetization of the nanoparticles decreases one order of magnitude compared to free nanoparticles. © 2023 IEEE.

    document

  68. Acoustic Technologies in Biology and Medicine
    Alper Sisman; Paddy French; Ayse Ogan; Erdal Korkmaz; Abbas Ali Husseini; Ali Mohammad Yazdani; and Johan Meyer;
    Jun Huang; Adem Ozcelik (Ed.);
    Wiley International Publishing, Chapter Acoustic Biosen, , 2023.

  69. On the Stimulation Artifact Reduction during Electrophysiological Recording of Compound Nerve Action Potentials
    Raphael Panskus; Lukas Holzapfel; Wouter A. Serdijn; Vasiliki Giagka;
    In in Proc. 45th Int. Conf. of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology (EMBC) 2023,
    IEEE, July 2023.
    document

  70. Non-monolithic fabrication of thin-film microelectrode arrays on PMUT transducers as a bimodal neuroscientific investigation tool
    Andrada I. Velea; Joshua Wilson; Astrid Gollhardt; Cyril B. Karuthedath; Abhilash S. Thanniyil; Vasiliki Giagka;
    In IEEE (Ed.), in Proc. 45th Int. Conf. of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology (EMBC) 2023, July 2023,
    July 2023.
    document

  71. Low-cost shaping of electrical stimulation waveforms for bioelectronic medicine with improved efficiency and selectivity
    Amin Rashidi; Francesc Varkevisser; Vasiliki Giagka; Tiago L. Costa; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In in Proc. 9th Dutch Biomedical Engineering Conf. (BME) 2023,
    January 2023.
    document

  72. Ultrasound for Data Transfers from Deep Implants: an Experimental Comparison Between Binary-Frequency-Shift-Keying and On-Off-Keying with Backscatter Modulation
    Lukas Holzapfel; Vasiliki Giagka;
    In In Proc. IEEE Int. Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS) 2023,
    IEEE, pp. 1-4, September 2023.
    document

  73. A 1024-Channel 268 nW/pixel 36x36 μm2/ch Data-Compressive Neural Recording IC for High-Bandwidth Brain-Computer Interfaces
    MoonHyung Jang; Wei-Han Yu; Changuk Lee; Maddy Hays; Pingyu Wang; Nick Vitale; Pulkit Tandon; Pumiao Yan; Pui-In Mak; Youngcheol Chae; EJ Chichilnisky; Boris Murmann; Dante G Muratore;
    In IEEE Symposium on VLSI Technology and Circuits (VLSI Technology and Circuits),
    2023. DOI: 10.23919/VLSITechnologyandCir57934.2023.10185288

  74. A Low-Power Oscillatory Feature Extraction Unit for Implantable Neural Interfaces
    Hoda Yassin; Arash Akhoundi; El-Sayed Hasaneen; Dante G Muratore;
    In IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    2023. DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS46773.2023.10181914

  75. An Ultrasonically Powered System Using an AlN PMUT Receiver for Delivering Instantaneous mW-Range DC Power to Biomedical Implants
    Amin Rashidi; Marta Saccher; Cyril Baby Karuthedath; Abhilash Thanniyil Sebastian; Alessandro Stuart Savoia; Frederik Lavigne; Frederic Stubbe; Ronald Dekker; Vasiliki Giagka;
    In In Proc. IEEE Int. Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS) 2023,
    IEEE, pp. 1-4, 2023.
    document

  76. Phase Distribution Efficiency of cm-Scale Ultrasonically Powered Receivers
    Marta Saccher; Amin Rashidi; Alessandro Stuart Savoia; Vasiliki Giagka; Ronald Dekker;
    In In Proc. IEEE Int. Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS) 2023,
    2023.
    document

  77. A Comparative Study of Si3N4 and Al2O3 as Dielectric Materials for Pre-Charged Collapse-Mode CMUTs
    Marta Saccher; Rob van Schaijk; Shinnosuke Kawasaki; Johan H. Klootwijk and Amin Rashidi; Vasiliki Giagka; Alessandro Stuart Savoia; Ronald Dekker;
    In in Proc. IEEE Int. Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS) 2023,
    2023.
    document

  78. Evaluating the Influence of PMUT Mechanical Support Properties on Power Conversion Efficiency in Ultrasonically Powered Implants
    Alessandro Stuart Savoia; Domenico Giusti; Carlo Prelini; Alberto Leotti; Marta Saccher; Amin Rashidi; Vasiliki Giagka; Marco Ferrera;
    In in Proc. IEEE Int. Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS) 2023,
    2023.

  79. Stand-Alone Broad Frequency Range Charge- Balancing System for Neural Stimulators
    Jana M. Späth; Konstantina Kolovou Kouri; Lukas Holzapfel; Roland Thewes; Vasiliki Giagka;
    In in Proc. IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS) 2023,
    2023.
    document

  80. Delta-Sigma Control Loop For Energy-Efficient Electrical Stimulation with Arbitrary-Shape Stimuli
    Amin Rashidi; Hassan Rivandi; Milos Grubor; Andre Agostinho; Valter Sadio; Marcelino Santos; Wouter Serdijn; Vasiliki Giagka;
    In in Proc. IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS) 2023,
    2023.
    document

  81. Galvanic Brain-Coupled Communication Among Freely Floating Micro-Scale Implants
    Matteo Pola; Vasiliki Giagka; Wouter A. Serdijn; Danilo Demarchi; Amin Rashidi;
    In in Proc. IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS) 2023,
    2023.
    document

  82. Multichannel Current-Mode Stimulator with Channel-Specific Regulated Power Supply
    Francesc Varkevisser; Tiago L. Costa; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. 2023 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS),
    Toronto, IEEE, 19-21 October 2023.
    document

  83. An Energy-Efficient High-Voltage Pulser for High-Frequency Ultrasound Medical Applications
    Yidi Xiao; Hassan Rivandi; Tiago L. Costa;
    In IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Circuits and Systems (IEEE BioCAS),
    2023.

  84. Optical devices for medical applications
    IAAM (Ed.);
    Orlando: IAAM, IAAM, , April 2023.
    Abstract: ... Optics represents a powerful tool in both in-vivo and in-vitro applications. There are many ways optics can be used. These include fluorescence (quenching and intensity), phase change, absorption etc. In many cases, no chemical reaction is required. Oxygen levels in the body can be measured in many ways. Oxygen saturation in blood shows how efficiently the haemoglobin carry oxygen to the cells. This is commonly measured with sensors in the red and near IR region. This can be performed with a clip on a finger, toe or ear lobe, and can also be measured directly in the blood vessel using a catheter [1]. Blood coming from the lungs should have an oxygen saturation level close to 100% and this can easily be measured optically. A second aspect of oxygen in the body is the dissolved oxygen in tissue, which is an indicator of the health of the tissue and can be measured optically, directly in the tissue using fluorescence quenching. Carbon dioxide is the waste product of cells, so measurement of carbon dioxide is a further indication of the health of the cells. Such a device is shown in the graphical abstract [2]. The polymer is brought directly into contact with the tissue. Measurement of parameters such as glucose and lactate has also been achieved using optical techniques [3]. In-vitro measurements have long used optical techniques [4]. These can be performed with or without markers. In some cases direct spectroscopic technique can be applied and in others, markers are used. Another technique, shown in the graphical abstract, uses a coating layer on a waveguide to trap the bacteria of interest to increase the absorption of light passing through a waveguide [5]. This technique uses the evanescent wave and therefore it is important that the absorption of the wavelength used is low in the waveguide and the waveguide is thin enough to ensure a large evanescent wave. This presentation will describe the basic optical techniques and how these can be used in in-vivo and in-vitro applications.

  85. Flexible devices based on silicon technology
    IMT, Bucharest (Ed.);
    IMT, Bucharest, , May 2023.

  86. Sensors to enhance Organ transplant success
    IAAM (Ed.);
    IAAM, IAAM, , September 2023.
    Keywords: ... Organ transplant, tissue vitality, sensors.

    Abstract: ... The first successful organ transplant was a kidney and was implanted in 1954. Since then, all organs have been successfully transplanted for 1000s patients. However, the demand is considerably higher than the supply. Apart from the need for more donors, there is the problem of the short time span available to perform the operation and that some organs are rejected since there are doubts about the quality. The ability to have long-term normothermic preservation of organs can have great benefit. This gives more time for planning and also more time to assess the organ. This work aims to increase the number of transplants which can be performed, by monitoring the health of the available organs. The organs can be kept in an incubator and fully assessed. This will give essential information to the medical staff to decide whether or not to use the organ. Potentially, the quality of the organ can be improved while in the incubator by feeding the organ with the oxygen and nutrients required and monitoring the response. Through this approach more of the available organs can be used for transplant. There are a number of sensors which can be placed on the organ to give that vital information to the doctors.The two basic parameter for tissue vitality are oxygen and carbon dioxide. This shows that the tissue is being fed with oxygen and the CO2 is the waste product of the cells. pH is also a good indicator since as the when there is an imbalance between the oxygen required and oxygen available, the pH changes. Other parameters such as glucose, lactate and urea, can give information about the function of the organ {depending on the organ). O2, CO2 and pH can be measured by placing impregnated polymers, or a complete device, on the tissue. Regular measurements can then be made, optically, without any further contact with the tissue. With this information we can assess and monitor the health of the organ. Organs that at present are rejected since doctors have doubts about the quality, can be fully assessed, and potentially be improved, until they are ready for implantation. This presentation will present the issues of transplants and how we can use sensors on the organ to monitor the health of the organ and give the vital information to the surgeons.

    ISBN: 978-91-88252-43-2

  87. Technology Development for MEMS: A Tutorial
    P. J. French; G. J. Krijnen; S. Vollebregt; M. Mastrangeli;
    IEEE Sensors Journal,
    Volume 22, Issue 11, pp. 10106-10125, June 2022. DOI: doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2021.3104715
    Abstract: ... Silicon sensors date back to before 1960 with early Hall and piezoresistive devices. These used simple processing that was part of the early integrated circuit (IC) industry. As the IC industry developed, silicon sensors could benefit from the technological advances. As silicon sensors advanced, there came the need for new technologies specifically for microsystems. This led to a range of 3-D structures using micromachining and enabled the development of both sensors and actuators. The integration of sensors with electronics on a single chip also presented new challenges to ensure that both sensor and electronics would function correctly at the end of the processing. In recent years many new technologies and new materials were introduced to enhance the functionality of microsystems. Some sensors are still based on silicon, but others introduce new materials such as carbon nanotubes and graphene. Technologies that have been used in other applications for many years are now integral part of the microsystem technology portfolio. These include screen printing and inkjet printing. Moving more into the third dimension, 3-D printing presents many new opportunities to fabricate novel structures on a silicon substrate. This tutorial focuses on the additional technologies which have been developed to supplement standard IC processes to create MEMS structures.

  88. Thin Film Encapsulation for LCP-Based Flexible Bioelectronic Implants: Comparison of Different Coating Materials Using Test Methodologies for Life-Time Estimation
    A. Pak; K. Nanbakhsh; O. Hölck; R. Ritasalo; M. Sousa; M. van Gompel; B. Pahl; J. Wilson; C. Kallmayer; V. Giagka;
    Micromachines,
    Volume 13, Issue 4, pp. 544, Marchch 2022. DOI: 10.3390/mi13040544
    document

  89. Carbon-Iron Electron Transport Channels in Porphyrin–Graphene Complex for ppb-Level Room Temperature NO Gas Sensing
    Yixun Gao; Jianqiang Wang; Yancong Feng; Nengjie Cao; Hao Li; Nicolaas Frans de Rooij; Ahmad Umar; Paddy J. French; Yao Wang; Guofu Zhou;
    SMALL,
    pp. 9, 2022. DOI: 10.1002/smll.202103259
    Abstract: ... It is a great challenge to develop efficient room-temperature sensing materials and sensors for nitric oxide (NO) gas, which is a biomarker molecule used in the monitoring of inflammatory respiratory diseases. Herein, Hemin (Fe (III)-protoporphyrin IX) is introduced into the nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide (N-rGO) to obtain a novel sensing material HNGethanol. Detailed XPS spectra and DFT calculations confirm the formation of carbon–iron bonds in HNG-ethanol during synthesis process, which act as electron transport channels from graphene to Hemin. Owing to this unique chemical structure, HNG-ethanol exhibits superior gas sensing properties toward NO gas (Ra/Rg = 3.05, 20 ppm) with a practical limit of detection (LOD) of 500 ppb and reliable repeatability (over 5 cycles). The HNG-ethanol sensor also possesses high selectivity against other exhaled gases, high humidity resistance, and stability (less than 3% decrease over 30 days). In addition, a deep understanding of the gas sensing mechanisms is proposed for the first time in this work, which is instructive to the community for fabricating sensing materials based on graphene-iron derivatives in the future.

  90. Focused ultrasound neuromodulation on a multiwell MEA
    M. Saccher; S. Kawasaki; Proietti Onori, M.; van Woerden, G. M.; V. Giagka; R. Dekker;
    Bioelectronic Medicine,
    Volume 8, Issue 2, pp. 1-10, January 2022. DOI: 10.1186/s42234-021-00083-7
    document

  91. Opto-chemical pH detection of Myocardial Ischaemia using Fluorescent Hydrogels
    Ger de Graaf; Maurits Frans Vriesendorp; Amin Hassan; Patrick James French;
    IEEE Sensors Journal,
    Volume 22, Issue 11, pp. 10901-10909, June 2022. DOI: doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2022.3166709
    Keywords: ... Fluorescence, ischaemia, hydrogel, optical pH probe, HPTS, pyranine, fluorescent dye, dual wavelength excitation, ratiometric detection.

    Abstract: ... In this research fluorescent optochemical pH probes for the detection of ischaemia have been investigated. Myocardial ischaemia is the most prominent risk during heart surgery. During open heart surgery the heart is temporarily arrested and, since there no blood flowing, oxygen supply and removal of waste products is stopped and heart cells can be damaged. In this paper we propose a novel method to monitor the condition of the heart by placing optochemical pH sensors on several strategic places around the heart during surgery. Low cost opto-chemical pH sensors, using a HPTS (8-hydroxy-1,3,6-pyrene trisulfonic acid trisodium salt) fluorescent dye encapsulated in a thin bio-compatible hydrogel layer, were investigated for this application. Our research started with an extensive optical characterization of several types of hydrogel layers at different pH levels. Secondly a reflection probe prototype using several of these layers was designed, built and tested. Dual wavelength excitation and ratiometric detection of the fluorescent signals was used to detect the pH level. Typical output signals of 35% to 53% per pH in the range from 6.5-8.0 pH have been measured and a response time of typically 400 seconds was obtained for the prototypes. Finally based on our measurements on the HPTS layers and the reflection probe we propose an improved type of pH probe for the detection of ischaemia during open heart surgery.

  92. Improving the Security of the IEEE 802.15.6 Standard for Medical BANs
    M.A. Siddiqi; G. Hahn; S. Hamdioui; W.A. Serdijn; C. Strydis;
    IEEE Access,
    Volume 10, pp. 62953-62975, 2022. DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3181630
    document

  93. Kilohertz alternating current neuromodulation of the pudendal nerves: effects on the anal canal and anal sphincter in rats
    R.L. Coolen; K.M. Emmer; P.I. Spantidea; E. van Asselt; J.R. Scheepe; W.A. Serdijn; B.F.M. Blok;
    Journal of Applied Biomedicine,
    Volume 20, Issue 2, pp. 56–69, June 2022. DOI: 10.32725/jab.2022.009
    document

  94. Speed-Power Improvement in High-Voltage Switches Employed in Multi-Electrode Arrays
    A. Safarpour; F. Dehnavi; M. Saberi; R. Lotfi; W.A. Serdijn;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs,
    Volume 69, Issue 7, pp. 3139-3143, July 2022. DOI: 10.1109/TCSII.2022.3161202
    document

  95. Low-Cost Wearable Fluidic Sweat Collection Patch for Continuous Analyte Monitoring and Offline Analysis
    A Stijlen; KMB Jansen; J Bastemeijer; PJ French; A Bossche;
    Analytical Chemistry,
    Volume 94, pp. 6893-6901, April 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01052
    Abstract: ... Sweat sensors allow for new unobtrusive ways to continuously monitor an athlete’s performance and health status. Significant advances have been made in the optimization of sensitivity, selectivity, and durability of electrochemical sweat sensors. However, comparing the in situ performance of these sensors in detail remains challenging because standardized sweat measurement methods to validate sweat sensors in a physiological setting do not yet exist. Current collection methods, such as the absorbent patch technique, are prone to contamination and are labor-intensive, which limits the number of samples that can be collected over time for offline reference measurements. We present an easy-to-fabricate sweat collection system that allows for continuous electrochemical monitoring, as well as chronological sampling of sweat for offline analysis. The patch consists of an analysis chamber hosting a conductivity sensor and a sequence of 5 to 10 reservoirs that contain level indicators that monitor the filling speed. After testing the performance of the patch in the laboratory, elaborate physiological validation experiments (3 patch locations, 6 participants) were executed. The continuous sweat conductivity measurements were compared with laboratory [Na+] and [Cl–] measurements of the samples, and a strong linear relationship (R2 = 0.97) was found. Furthermore, sweat rate derived from ventilated capsule measurement at the three locations was compared with patch filling speed and continuous conductivity readings. As expected from the literature, sweat conductivity was linearly related to sweat rate as well. In short, a successfully validated sweat collection patch is presented that enables sensor developers to systematically validate novel sweat sensors in a physiological setting.

  96. Carbon Dots Embedded in Cellulose Film: Programmable, Performance-Tunable, and Large-Scale Subtle Fluorescent Patterning by in Situ Laser Writing
    Yuanyuan Guo; Quan Wang; Hao Li; Yixun Gao; Xuezhu Xu; Biao Tang; Yao Wang; Bai Yang; Yi-Kuen Lee; Paddy J. French; Guofu Zhou;
    ACS Nano,
    Volume 16, pp. 11, 2022. DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c09999
    Keywords: ... fluorescent pattern, tunable intensity, surface microstructure, laser direct writing, carbon dots.

    Abstract: ... Fluorescent patterns with multiple functions enable highsecurity anti-counterfeiting labels. Complex material synthesis and patterning processes limit the application of multifunctional fluorescent patterns, so the technology of in situ fluorescent patterning with tunable multimodal capabilities is becoming more necessary. In this work, an in situ fluorescent patterning technology was developed using laser direct writing on solid cellulose film at ambient conditions without masks. The fluorescent intensity and surface microstructure of the patterns could be adjusted by programmable varying of the laser parameters simultaneously. During laser direct writing, carbon dots are generated in situ in a cellulose ester polymer matrix, which significantly simplifies the fluorescent patterning process and reduces the manufacturing cost. Interestingly, the tunable fluorescent intensity empowers the fabrication of visual stereoscopic fluorescent patterns with excitation dependence, further improving its anti-counterfeiting performance. The obtained fluorescent patterns still show ultrahigh optical properties after being immersed in an acid/base solution (pH 5−12) over one month. In addition, the anti-UV performance of the obtained laser-patterned film with transmittance around 90% is comparable to that of commercial UV-resistant films. This work provided an advanced and feasible approach to fabricating programmable, performance-tunable, subtle fluorescent patterns in large-scale for industrial application.

  97. Review of Scaling effects on physical properties and practicalities of cantilever sensors
    C-K Yang; E van der Drift; PJ French;
    IOP JMM,
    Volume 32, Issue 103002, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6439/ac8559
    Abstract: ... Reducing sensor dimension is a good way to increase system sensitivity and response. However the advantages gained must be weighed against other effects which also became significant during the scaling process. In this paper, the scaling effect of cantilever sensors from micrometer to nanometer regimes is reviewed. Changes in the physical properties such as Q-factor, Young's modulus, noise and nonlinear deflections, as well as effects on practical sensor applications such as sensor response and sensor readouts, are presented. Since cantilever is an elemental transducer and device building block, its scaling effects can be further extrapolated to other sensing systems and applications.

  98. Energy efficiency of pulse shaping in electrical stimulation: the interdependence of biophysical effects and circuit design losses
    Francesc Varkevisser; Tiago Costa; Wouter Serdijn;
    Biomedical Physics & Engineering Express,
    Volume 8, Issue 6, 13 September 2022. DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/ac8c47
    document

  99. Design of a Closed-Loop Vagus Nerve Stimulator Comprising a Wearable EEG Recorder and an Implantable Pulse Generator
    Xiaolong Li; Ming Yu, Jin Zhu, Wei Zheng, Guojun Ma, Xiaoqiao Deng, Weijia Huang,; Wouter Serdijn;
    IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine,
    Volume 22, Issue 3, pp. 22-40, Sept. 2022. DOI: 10.1109/MCAS.2022.3189886
    document

  100. Multilayer CVD graphene electrodes using a transfer-free process for the next generation of optically transparent and MRI-compatible neural interfaces
    Nasim Bakhshaee; Merlin Palmar; Andrada Iulia Velea; Chiara Coletti; Sebastian Weingaertner; Frans Vos; Wouter A. Serdijn; Sten Vollebregt; Vasiliki Giagka;
    Microsystems & Nanoengineering,
    Volume 8, Issue 107, pp. 1-14, Sep 2022. DOI: 10.1038/s41378-022-00430-x
    Abstract: ... Multimodal platforms combining electrical neural recording and stimulation, optogenetics, optical imaging, and magnetic resonance (MRI) imaging are emerging as a promising platform to enhance the depth of characterization in neuroscientific research. Electrically conductive, optically transparent, and MRI-compatible electrodes can optimally combine all modalities. Graphene as a suitable electrode candidate material can be grown via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) processes and sandwiched between transparent biocompatible polymers. However, due to the high graphene growth temperature (≥ 900 °C) and the presence of polymers, fabrication is commonly based on a manual transfer process of pre-grown graphene sheets, which causes reliability issues. In this paper, we present CVD-based multilayer graphene electrodes fabricated using a wafer-scale transfer-free process for use in optically transparent and MRI-compatible neural interfaces. Our fabricated electrodes feature very low impedances which are comparable to those of noble metal electrodes of the same size and geometry. They also exhibit the highest charge storage capacity (CSC) reported to date among all previously fabricated CVD graphene electrodes. Our graphene electrodes did not reveal any photo-induced artifact during 10-Hz light pulse illumination. Additionally, we show here, for the first time, that CVD graphene electrodes do not cause any image artifact in a 3T MRI scanner. These results demonstrate that multilayer graphene electrodes are excellent candidates for the next generation of neural interfaces and can substitute the standard conventional metal electrodes. Our fabricated graphene electrodes enable multimodal neural recording, electrical and optogenetic stimulation, while allowing for optical imaging, as well as, artifact-free MRI studies.

    document

  101. Assembly of Core/Shell Nanospheres of Amorphous Hemin/ Acetone-Derived Carbonized Polymer with Graphene Nanosheets for Room-Temperature NO Sensing
    Jianqiang Wang; Yixun Gao; Fengjia Chen; Lulu Zhang; Hao Li; Nicolaas Frans de Rooij; Ahmad Umar; Yi-Kuen Lee; Paddy J. French; Bai Yang, Yao Wang; Guofu Zhou;
    Applied Materials and Interfaces,
    Volume 14, December 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.2c16769
    Keywords: ... nitric oxide sensor, Hemin, graphene, carbonized polymer, core−shell structure.

    Abstract: ... Implementing parts per billion-level nitric oxide (NO) sensing at room temperature (RT) is still in extreme demand for monitoring inflammatory respiratory diseases. Herein, we have prepared a kind of core−shell structural Hemin-based nanospheres (Abbr.: Hemin-nanospheres, defined as HNSs) with the core of amorphous Hemin and the shell of acetone-derived carbonized polymer, whose core−shell structure was verified by XPS with argon-ion etching. Then, the HNSassembled reduced graphene oxide composite (defined as HNS-rGO) was prepared for RT NO sensing. The acetone-derived carbonized polymer shell not only assists the formation of amorphous Hemin core by disrupting their crystallization to release more Fe−N4 active sites, but provides protection to the core. Owing to the unique core−shell structure, the obtained HNS-rGO based sensor exhibited superior RT gas sensing properties toward NO, including a relatively higher response (Ra/Rg = 5.8, 20 ppm), a lower practical limit of detection (100 ppb), relatively reliable repeatability (over 6 cycles), excellent selectivity, and much higher long-term stability (less than a 5% decrease over 120 days). The sensing mechanism has also been proposed based on charge transfer theory. The superior gas sensing properties of HNS-rGO are ascribed to the more Fe−N4 active sites available under the amorphous state of the Hemin core and to the physical protection by the shell of acetonederived carbonized polymer. This work presents a facile strategy of constructing a high-performance carbon-based core−shell nanostructure for gas sensing.

  102. Fabrication of High-performance Supercapacitors Using Hierarchical MnO2 Nanostructures on a Frosted Glass Surface.
    S. Kundu; G. U. Kulkarni;
    Energy Technology,
    July 2022. DOI: 2200505
    Abstract: ... Supercapacitors have emerged to fill the gap between batteries and capacitors. The electrodes comprising a high surface area are utilized to fabricate the supercapacitors. However, the processes involved to fabricate electrodes are often strenuous and time-consuming. Herein, the fabrication of high-performance supercapacitors using frosted glass as a template to grow electrodes is reported. The frosted substrates can host much higher ions owing to the numerous surface features arising from micro- and nano-level roughnesses, resulting in one order higher capacitance than the plain surface. Electrodepositing MnO2 nanostructures on the frosted surface further increases the capacitance and attains the highest value of 11 mF cm−2 at 300 min of electrodeposition, which is 6.5 times higher than the electrodes without MnO2. The stacked supercapacitors are made using polyvinyl alcohol/H2SO4 gel electrolyte, and the devices exhibit superior electrochemical properties such as high scan rate stability (100 V s−1), high cut-off frequency (333 Hz), low iR drop, high cyclic stability (93% capacitance retention after 10 000 cycles), and low self-discharge. The roughened nature of the frosted glass can be imprinted onto the surface of polydimethylsiloxane substrate to fabricate flexible and stretchable supercapacitors. The present work can pave the way for facile and low-cost fabrication of supercapacitor electrodes.

    document

  103. Embryonic Origins of the Hematopoietic System: Hierarchies and Heterogeneity
    Chris S. Vink; Samanta A. Mariani; Elaine Dzierzak;
    HemaSphere,
    Volume 6, Issue 6, pp. e737, June 2022. DOI: 10.1097/hs9.0000000000000737
    document

  104. PDGFRβ+ Cells Play a Dual Role as Hematopoietic Precursors and Niche Cells During Mouse Ontogeny
    Diana Sá da Bandeira; Alastair M. Kilpatrick; Madalena Marques; Mario Gomez-Salazar; Telma Ventura; Zaniah N. Gonzalez; Dorota Stefancova; Fiona Rossi; Matthieu Vermeren; Chris S. Vink; Mariana Beltran; Neil C. Henderson; Bongnam Jung; Reinier van der Linden; Harmen J. G. van de Werken; Wilfred F.J. van IJcken; Christer Betsholtz; Stuart J. Forbes; Henar Cuervo; Mihaela Crisan;
    Cell Reports,
    Volume 40, Issue 3, pp. 111114, July 2022. DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111114
    document

  105. An open-source automated magnetic optical density meter for analysis of suspensions of magnetic cells and particles
    Welleweerd, Marcel K.; Hageman, Tijmen; Pichel, Marc; Van As, Dave; Keizer, Hans; Hendrix, Jordi; Micheal, Mina M.; Khalil, Islam S. M.; Mir, Alveena; Korkmaz, Nuriye; Kr{\"a}winkel, Robbert; Chevrier, Daniel M.; Faivre, Damien; Fernandez-Castane, Alfred; Pfeiffer, Daniel; Abelmann, Leon;
    Review of Scientific Instruments,
    Volume 93, Issue 9, 2022. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1063/5.0098008
    Keywords: ... Magnetic Fields; Magnetics; Magnets; Spectrophotometry; Suspensions; 3D printers; Bacteria; Cost effectiveness; Density measurement (optical); Magnetism; Meteorological instruments; Open source software; Spectrophotometers; Suspensions (fluids); 3d prints; Board layout; Circuit boards; Density meter; Design circuits; Electronic design; Magnetic cells; Magnetic particle; Magnetotactic Bacteria; Open-source; magnet; magnetic field; magnetism; procedures; spectrophotometry; suspension; Density (optical).

    Abstract: ... We present a spectrophotometer (optical density meter) combined with electromagnets dedicated to the analysis of suspensions of magnetotactic bacteria. The instrument can also be applied to suspensions of other magnetic cells and magnetic particles. We have ensured that our system, called MagOD, can be easily reproduced by providing the source of the 3D prints for the housing, electronic designs, circuit board layouts, and microcontroller software. We compare the performance of our system to existing adapted commercial spectrophotometers. In addition, we demonstrate its use by analyzing the absorbance of magnetotactic bacteria as a function of their orientation with respect to the light path and their speed of reorientation after the field has been rotated by 90°. We continuously monitored the development of a culture of magnetotactic bacteria over a period of 5 days and measured the development of their velocity distribution over a period of one hour. Even though this dedicated spectrophotometer is relatively simple to construct and cost-effective, a range of magnetic field-dependent parameters can be extracted from suspensions of magnetotactic bacteria. Therefore, this instrument will help the magnetotactic research community to understand and apply this intriguing micro-organism. © 2022 Author(s).

    document

  106. Ferrofluids to improve field homogeneity in permanent magnet assemblies
    Klein, Yannick P.; Abelmann, Leon; Gardeniers, Han;
    Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials,
    Volume 555, 2022. All Open Access, Green Open Access, Hybrid Gold Open Access. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmmm.2022.169371
    Keywords: ... Magnetic fields; Magnetic fluids; Magnetic resonance; Saturation magnetization; Field homogeneity; Halbach; Halbach magnets; Homogeneous magnetic field; Inhomogeneities; Magnetic field profile; Magnetic-field; Microliters; Micromagnets; Permanent magnet assemblies; Permanent magnets.

    Abstract: ... A novel principle of passive magnetic field shimming for permanent magnet assemblies is introduced, based on defined amounts of a ferrofluid suspension contained in a microliter volume plastic container that is accurately positioned within the magnet bore. The ferrofluid volume acts as a micromagnet that compensates inhomogeneities in the magnetic field profile. A proof of principle is shown for a permanent magnet assembly, derived from a Halbach design, with two additional movable rings of magnets. These rings result in an average magnetic field strength of 1.06 T inside the bore, 19 % higher than the Halbach alone. Two options for field shimming with ferrofluids are shown: changing the material volume or choosing a ferrofluid with different saturation magnetization value. With the tested simple single-cube ferrofluid implementation the field homogeneity is improved from 86 ppm to 8 ppm over a sampling length of 5.5 mm. Better homogeneity is expected with more sophisticated ferrofluid arrangements. The complete assembly has a size of 5 × 5 × 4.2 cm3 and a weight of 332 g. The demonstrated concept is particularly attractive for mobile magnetic resonance systems, as it does not require electrical power during operation. © 2022 The Authors

    document

  107. IRONSperm swimming by rigid-body rotation versus transverse bending waves influenced by cell membrane charge
    Magdanz, Veronika; Klingner, Anke; Abelmann, Leon; Khalil, Islam S. M.;
    Journal of Micro-Bio Robotics,
    Volume 18, Issue 1-2, pp. 49 – 60, 2022. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1007/s12213-023-00158-5
    Keywords: ... Cytology; Electrostatics; Iron; Nanomagnetics; Reynolds number; Rigid structures; Self assembly; Stiffness; Bending stiffness; Bending wave; Bio-hybrids; Electrostatic self-assembly; Magnetic; Membrane potentials; Micro robots; Sperm cells; Swimming speed; Transverse bending; Cells.

    Abstract: ... Cell membrane potential affects the electrostatic self-assembly of magnetizable nanoparticles around the flagellum of sperm cells, leading to the formation of biohybrid microrobots (i.e., IRONSperm) with various bending stiffness. Here we explain the influence of bull sperm cell membrane potential on the formation of two types of IRONSperm samples that are produced by electrostatic self-assembly. The first type is a proximal-coated soft body with nanoparticles concentrated on the head to maintain high flexibility of the flagellum and create a passively propagating transverse bending wave under the influence of an external rotating magnetic field. The second type is a rigid-body with nanoparticles approximately uniformly distributed along the length to provide arbitrary geometry that maintains a constant chiral shape and propel by rotation about its long axis. We present a magneto-elastohydrodynamic model to predict the swimming speed at low Reynolds number for rigid IRONSperm with arbitrary shapes, and show that decreasing the bending stiffness allows the model to capture the behavior of its soft counterpart. While the response of a rigid chiral IRONSperm is distinguished by a greater swimming speed with a smooth decay with frequency, the benefit of a soft flagellum in certain scenarios would present a much smaller range of frequencies for wireless actuation. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

    document

  108. Drug-Loaded IRONSperm clusters: Modeling, wireless actuation, and ultrasound imaging
    Middelhoek, Kaz I. N. A.; Magdanz, Veronika; Abelmann, Leon; Khalil, Islam S. M.;
    Biomedical Materials (Bristol),
    Volume 17, Issue 6, 2022. All Open Access, Green Open Access, Hybrid Gold Open Access. DOI: 10.1088/1748-605X/ac8b4b
    Keywords: ... Cells; Controlled drug delivery; Cytology; Magnetohydrodynamics; Remote control; Targeted drug delivery; Ultrasonic imaging; doxorubicin; ferromagnetic material; iron nanoparticle; iron oxide nanoparticle; self assembled nanomaterial; Bio-hybrids; Cell delivery; Clusters model; In-vivo; Magnetic actuation; Micro robots; Microrobot aggregation; Rotating magnetic fields; Sperm; Ultrasound imaging; animal cell; Article; cell viability; controlled study; cytotoxicity; drug delivery system; echography; female; human; human cell; in vivo study; magnetic field; magnetism; magneto hydrodynamic model; male; nanopharmaceutics; nonhuman; particle size; sperm; spermatozoon; static electricity; statistical model; ultrasound; viscosity; Aspect ratio.

    Abstract: ... Individual biohybrid microrobots have the potential to perform biomedical in vivo tasks such as remote-controlled drug and cell delivery and minimally invasive surgery. This work demonstrates the formation of biohybrid sperm-templated clusters under the influence of an external magnetic field and essential functionalities for wireless actuation and drug delivery. Ferromagnetic nanoparticles are electrostatically assembled around dead sperm cells, and the resulting nanoparticle-coated cells are magnetically assembled into three-dimensional biohybrid clusters. The aim of this clustering is threefold: First, to enable rolling locomotion on a nearby solid boundary using a rotating magnetic field; second, to allow for noninvasive localization; third, to load the cells inside the cluster with drugs for targeted therapy. A magneto-hydrodynamic model captures the rotational response of the clusters in a viscous fluid, and predicts an upper bound for their step-out frequency, which is independent of their volume or aspect ratio. Below the step-out frequency, the rolling velocity of the clusters increases nonlinearly with their perimeter and actuation frequency. During rolling locomotion, the clusters are localized using ultrasound images at a relatively large distance, which makes these biohybrid clusters promising for deep-tissue applications. Finally, we show that the estimated drug load scales with the number of cells in the cluster and can be retained for more than 10 h. The aggregation of microrobots enables them to collectively roll in a predictable way in response to an external rotating magnetic field, and enhances ultrasound detectability and drug loading capacity compared to the individual microrobots. The favorable features of biohybrid microrobot clusters place emphasis on the importance of the investigation and development of collective microrobots and their potential for in vivo applications. © 2022 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd.

    document

  109. Inductive XY calibration method for multi-material fused filament fabrication 3D printers
    Schouten, Martijn; Abelmann, Leon; Krijnen, Gijs;
    Additive Manufacturing,
    Volume 56, 2022. All Open Access, Green Open Access, Hybrid Gold Open Access. DOI: 10.1016/j.addma.2022.102890
    Keywords: ... Calibration; Extrusion; Fabrication; Image processing; Inductive sensors; Optical data processing; Printing presses; 3-D printing; 3D-printing; Calibration method; Calibration procedure; Detection coils; Fused filament fabrication; Inductive method; Metallics; Multi materials; Optical-; 3D printers.

    Abstract: ... In this work an optical and inductive calibration procedures for calibrating multi-material fused filament fabrication 3D printers in the x and y directions is presented. The inductive calibration is based on the principle that the inductance of a detection coil placed on the print bed changes when the (metallic) extrusion nozzle passes it. This calibration method shows a repeatability of up to 2µm. To determine the accuracy of this calibration method, another calibration method is proposed that directly measures the position of the deposited material. During this alternative process, a calibration structure is printed on an A4-format sheet of paper using every tool. The paper is subsequently scanned using a digital scanner, and the resulting image is analyzed using an image-processing script. Using this method as a reference, it was determined that the inductive method has an accuracy of approximately 45µm. For applications where this accuracy is sufficient, the inductive method provides a fast solution that requires little to no user interaction. For more demanding applications, the optical calibration might be the better choice, since it is more time-consuming but yields a more accurate solution. It is expected that the accurate calibration of tool offsets will reduce both the chance of poor adhesion between materials and the mixing of filaments due to local over- and under-extrusion at material interfaces. © 2022 The Author(s)

    document

  110. Estimation of the Effective Magnetic Properties of Two-Phase Steels
    Soyarslan, Celal; Havinga, Jos; Abelmann, Leon; van den Boogaard, Ton;
    Key Engineering Materials,
    Volume 926 KEM, pp. 2040 – 2049, 2022. All Open Access, Green Open Access, Hybrid Gold Open Access. DOI: 10.4028/p-3no5jw
    Abstract: ... We investigate the predictive performance of specific analytical and numerical methods to determine the effective magnetic properties of two-phase steels at the macroscale. We utilize various mixture rules reported in the literature for the former, some of which correspond to rigorous bounds, e.g., Voigt (arithmetic) and Reuss (harmonic) averages. For the latter, we employ asymptotic homogenization together with the finite element method (FEM) and periodic boundary conditions (PBC). The voxel-based discretization of the representative volume element is conducted with digital image processing on the existing micrographs of DP600-grade steel. We show that unlike the considered isotropic mixture rules, which use only the phase volume fraction as the statistical microstructural descriptor, finite element method-based first-order asymptotic homogenization allows prediction of both phase content and directional dependence in the magnetic permeability by permitting an accurate consideration of the underlying phase geometry. © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Switzerland.

    document

  111. Scaling Rules for Microrobots with Full Energetic Autonomy
    Van Renselaar, Erwin; Keitel, Benedikt; Dinc, Mehmet; Mizaikoff, Boris; Susarrey-Arce, Arturo; Gardeniers, Han J. G. E.; Abelmann, Leon; Khalil, Islam S. M.;
    conference, 2022. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/MARSS55884.2022.9870509
    Keywords: ... Drug delivery; MEMS; Battery pack; Localised; Material removal; Micro robots; Miniature devices; Power; Power densities; Power electronic devices; Scaling rules; Various functions; Reynolds number.

    Abstract: ... There is an increasing need for wireless autonomous micro electromechanical systems (MEMS) and microrobots that can perform various functions such as sensing, diagnosis, locomotion, actuation, implantation, material removal, manipulation, and localized drug delivery. A major problem with these systems is the production, storage, and transduction of power at the micro scale. In addition, these miniature devices cannot use existing battery packs that are commonly used to power electronic devices. These MEMS and microrobots need on-board power sources that are miniaturized to their size. Together with the energy of an external source, some basic functions of microrobots can be powered simultaneously. This study seeks to develop a theoretical framework based on a chemo-electromagnetic model for use in the design of microrobots with full energetic autonomy. We first conceive a microrobot design and derive its mathematical model; the design consists of an on-board fuel generator, electrochemical device, electromagnetic device, and a locomotion mechanism. Then we present numerical simulations to show the relationship between the consumption rate of the H2 source, power density, and angular and translational velocities at low Reynolds number. We find that power density decreases approximately linearly with the diameter, while the relative velocity with respect to the body-length is approximately inversely proportional to the size, making downscaling favourable for this class of untethered devices. © 2022 IEEE.

    document

  112. Rigid-Body Rotation Versus Transverse Bending Wave Swimming of Magnetically-Functionalized Sperm Cells
    Magdanz, Veronika; Klingner, Anke; Abelmann, Leon; Khalil, Islam S. M.;
    conference, 2022. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/MARSS55884.2022.9870506
    Keywords: ... Cytology; Electrostatics; MEMS; Nanomagnetics; Nanoparticles; Reynolds number; Rigid structures; Self assembly; Stiffness; Bending stiffness; Bending wave; Bio-hybrids; Electrostatic self-assembly; Functionalized; Membrane potentials; Rigid body rotation; Sperm cells; Swimming speed; Transverse bending; Cells.

    Abstract: ... Cell membrane potential affects the electrostatic self-assembly of magnetizable nanoparticles around the flagellum of sperm cells, leading to the formation of biohybrid microrobots (i.e. IRONSperm) with various bending stiffness. Here we explain the influence of bull sperm cell membrane potential on the formation of two types of IRONSperm samples that are produced by electrostatic self-assembly. The first is a proximal-coated soft body with nanoparticles concentrated on the head to maintain high flexibility of the flagellum and create a passively propagating transverse bending wave under the influence of an external rotating magnetic field. The second is a rigid-body with nanoparticles approximately uniformly distributed along the length to provide arbitrary geometry that maintains a constant chiral shape and propel by rotation about its long axis. We present a magneto-elastohydrodynamic model to predict the swimming speed at low Reynolds number for rigid IRONSperm with arbitrary shapes, and show that decreasing the bending stiffness allows the model to capture the behavior of its soft counterpart. While the response of a rigid chiral IRONSperm is distinguished by a greater swimming speed with a smooth decay with frequency, the benefit of a soft flagellum in certain scenarios would present a much smaller range of frequencies for wireless actuation. © 2022 IEEE.

    document

  113. Absolute Position Detection in 7-Phase Sensorless Electric Stepper Motor
    Groenhuis, Vincent; Rolff, Gijs; Bosman, Koen; Abelmann, Leon; Stramigioli, Stefano;
    conference, 2022. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/IROS47612.2022.9981190
    Keywords: ... Calibration; Stepping motors; Systematic errors; Absolute position; Calibration techniques; Coil current; Position detection; Sensorless; Shock resistance; Smoothing techniques; Space efficiencies; Stepper motor; Stochastic measurement; Stochastic systems.

    Abstract: ... Absolute position detection in sensorless electric stepper motors potentially allows for higher space efficiency, improved shock resistance, simplified installation, reduced number of parts and lowered cost. A prototype is demonstrated measuring 42 × 42 × 34 mm3 with seven coils arranged in a star configuration. The rotor is φ 25.8 × 12.5 mm2 and has 51 teeth which are irregularly spaced. At the driver side, the coil currents are measured during motion in order to reconstruct the absolute position of the motor. Calibration and smoothing techniques are used to reduce systematic and stochastic measurement errors, respectively. The motor is able to detect and correct its position after externally-induced stalls at the tested motor speeds from 40 rpm to 108 rpm. The holding torque is 0.23 N m at an armature current of 1 A; on average the torque is 7% lower than that of a reference bipolar stepper motor with the same dimensions. The results show that dynamic position sensing and correction are possible for a range of velocities, but not at standstill. The driver requires seven current sensors and sufficient computational power, and proper calibration of motor intrinsics is required beforehand. The presented technology could make existing 3-D printers and other machines with open-loop stepper motors more robust and increase the range of operating speeds and accelerations, without the adverse side-effects of increased complexity and cost associated with dedicated position sensors. © 2022 IEEE.

    document

  114. Electronic Platforms and Signal Processing for Magnetoresistive-Based Biochips
    José Germano; Tiago L. Costa; Filipe A. Cardoso; José Amaral; Susana Cardoso; Paulo P. Freitas; Moisés S. Piedade;
    Springer, , 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3447-4_20

  115. Towards an investigational platform for a multimodal neuromodulation approach
    R. Panskus; W. A. Serdijn; V. Giagka;
    In Proc International Winterschool on Bioelectronics (BioEl) 2022, Tirol, Austria, Mar. 2022.,
    2022.
    document

  116. Technology for interacting with the brain the way the brain interacts with itself
    Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. 2022 International Winterschool on Bioelectronics (BioEl 2022),
    Kirchberg, Tirol, Austria, March 15 2022.
    document

  117. Towards an ultrasonically powered efficient multichannel neurostimulator implant
    K. Kolovou-Kouri; W. A. Serdijn; V. Giagka;
    In Proc International Winterschool on Bioelectronics (BioEl) 2022, Tirol, Austria, Mar. 2022.,
    2022.
    document

  118. Towards a miniaturized cuff implant for highly selective US neuromodulation of peripheral nerves
    A. Velea; W. A. Serdijn; V. Giagka;
    In Proc International Winterschool on Bioelectronics (BioEl) 2022, Tirol, Austria, Mar. 2022.,
    2022.
    document

  119. Real-time Thermographic Object Tracking of the Body Temperature of a Neonate,
    K Rassels; PJ French;
    In Fraunhofer, Berlin (Ed.), SSI Conference,
    Silicon Saxony, 2022.
    Keywords: ... Thermographic object tracking; thermography technology; premature babies, incubator; infrared thermal imaging; neonates; tracking body temperature; temperature measurement..

    Abstract: ... Neonates can show sudden rapid body movements when they are in pain, need care, or need to be fed. They can also be very quiet and immovable or move very slowly when they are asleep or being fed. Monitoring a neonate’s body temperature for a long time provides physicians and nurses valuable information about the health condition of the baby. Thermographic technology is a remote and very safe way to measure an accurate neonate’s body temperature to monitor his/her vital signs. However, the tracking of an elastic thermographic profile of a subject with a random and erratic movement for short- and long-term is a challenging task. The combination of the real-time thermographic detection and tracking system provides a safe and more robust non-invasive method to measure the vital signs and to monitor the physiological changes of the neonates over time. However, this method can also be used for other target age groups.

  120. Bio-Remote Sensing in Predicting Infection in Neonates With Thermal Imaging and Machine Learning
    K Rassels; PJ French;
    In Fraunhofer, Berlin (Ed.), SSI Conference,
    2022.
    Keywords: ... Bio-Remote Sensing, Predicting Infection, Thermographic technology; Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), Premature babies, Incubator; Sepsis, Infrared thermal imaging; neonates; Body temperature measurement.

    Abstract: ... Premature birth complications have different causes and vary in different parts of the world with sepsis as one of the leading causes of these complications. The body releases anti-inflammatory substances when an infection is detected and this, in turn, could damage healthy organs, especially when they are not fully developed. Preterm babies are susceptible to diseases due to their underdeveloped immune systems and organs. Hence, it is extremely important to treat sepsis as soon as the baby is diagnosed. Neonatal sepsis is a dangerous non-specific disease in babies, and it is a clinically very difficult and challenging task to diagnose. Late or incorrect treatment of infants’ sepsis can lead to death which is one of the most causes of mortality rate in neonates. In the traditional treatment of sepsis, the needed time and accuracy for diagnosis are still very concerning, considering the number of involved risks in late diagnosis or mistreatment of sepsis cases. Thus, the need for having a fast and reliable algorithm with high accuracy to predict sepsis before clinical recognition would help the doctors to treat the neonates in time and to reduce the mortality rate related to sepsis.This paper presents a fast, more accurate, and reliable thermographic Bio-Remote Sensing approach in predicting sepsis in neonates and discusses the significance of combining the Thermal Imaging technique with Machine Learning (ML). At the same time, it provides a more practical and desirable solution for the physicians by minimizing the traditional diagnosis time and maximizing the accuracy of the prediction needed to detect sepsis in neonates.

  121. Stent with Piezoelectric Transducers for High Spatial Resolution Ultrasound Neuromodulation - a Finite Element Analysis
    I. Dilevicius; W. A. Serdijn; T. L. Costa;
    In proc. 2022 44th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC),
    Glasgow, UK, IEEE, pp. 4966-4969, July 2022. DOI: 10.1109/EMBC48229.2022.9871956
    document

  122. Energy Savings of Multi-Channel Neurostimulators with Non-Rectangular Current-Mode Stimuli Using Multiple Supply Rails
    K. Kolovou-Kouri; A. Rashidi; F. Varkevisser; W.A. Serdijn; V. Giagka;
    In proc. 2022 44th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC),
    Glasgow, UK, IEEE, pp. 3443-3446, July 2022. DOI: 10.1109/EMBC48229.2022.9871145
    document

  123. Pre-Filtering of Stimuli for Improved Energy Efficiency in Electrical Neural Stimulation
    Francesc Varkevisser; Amin Rashidi; Tiago L. Costa; Vasiliki Giagka; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS) 2022,
    IEEE, October 2022.
    document

  124. Flexible and Highly Sensitive Pressure Sensor Based on Patterned PDMS Forming with Laser Pyrolysis Direct Write Technique for Wearable Electr
    Shaogang Wang; Qihang Zong; Chunjian Tan; Huaiyu Ye; Paddy French;
    In MNE 2022,
    September 2022.

  125. FARA: A Fast Artifact Recovery Algorithm with Optimum Stimulation Waveform for Single-Cell Resolution Massively Parallel Neural Interfaces
    Rohan Brash; Wouter Serdijn; Dante G. Muratore;
    In IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    May 2022. DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS48785.2022.9937814

  126. Data Compression versus Signal Fidelity Trade-off in Wired-OR ADC Arrays for Neural Recording
    Pumiao Yan; Nishal P. Shah; Dante G. Muratore; Pulkit Tandon; E. J. Chichilnisky; Boris Murmann;
    In IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS),
    2022. DOI: 10.1109/BioCAS54905.2022.9948677

  127. Design of a Flexible Transducer Array and Characterisation of Piezoelectric Sensors for Curvature Compensation
    Christiaan Boerkamp; Tiago L. Costa; Jovana Jovanova;
    In Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems (SMASIS),
    2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1115/SMASIS2022-90707

  128. A Parasitic Resistance Extraction Tool Leveraged by Image Processing
    Diogo Dias; João Goes; Tiago L. Costa;
    In IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (IEEE ISCAS),
    2022. DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS48785.2022.9937879

  129. Maximization of Transmitted Acoustic Intensity from Silicon Integrated Piezoelectric Ultrasound Transducers
    Gandhika W. Wardhana; Massimo Mastrangeli; Tiago L. Costa;
    In IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IEEE IUS),
    2022. DOI: 10.1109/IUS54386.2022.9957646

  130. A High-Frequency Beamforming Channel for Ultrasound Stimulation and Ultrasonic Powering
    Hassan Rivandi; Ishaan Ghosh; Tiago L. Costa;
    In IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Circuits and Systems (IEEE BioCAS),
    2022. DOI: 10.1109/BioCAS54905.2022.9948550

  131. Making flexible devices using silicon technology
    eCON (Ed.);
    eCON, , 2022.

  132. An RF Energy Harvesting and Power Management Unit Operating over -24 to +15 dBm Input Range
    Gustavo C. Martins; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers,
    Volume 68, Issue 3, pp. 1342-1353, March 2021. DOI: 10.1109/TCSI.2020.3041175
    document

  133. Silicone encapsulation of thin-film SiOx, SiOxNy and SiC for modern electronic medical implants: a comparative long-term ageing study
    C. Lamont; T. Grego; K. Nanbakhsh; A. Shah Idil; V. Giagka; A. Vanhoestenberghe; S. Cogan; N. Donaldson;
    Journal of Neural Engineering,
    March 2021.
    document

  134. An 800 nW Switched-Capacitor Feature Extraction Filterbank for Sound Classification
    D.A. Villamizar; D.G. Muratore; J.B. Wieser; B. Murmann;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers, pp. 1–11, 2021,
    Volume 68, pp. 578 - 1588, January 2021. DOI: 10.1109/TCSI.2020.3047035
    document

  135. Radar-based sleep stage classification in children undergoing polysomnography: a pilot-study
    R. de Goederen; S. Pu; M. Silos Viu; D. Doan; S. Overeem; W.A. Serdijn; K.F.M. Joosten; X. Long; J. Dudink;
    Sleep Medicine,
    2021. ISSN: 1389-9457. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2021.03.022
    Keywords: ... Sleep stages, sleep, radar, respiration, breathing rate, obstructive sleep apnea, central sleep apnea, age.

    document

  136. Application of a sub–0.1-mm3 implantable mote for in vivo real-time wireless temperature sensing
    Chen Shi; Victoria Andino-Pavlovsky; Stephen A. Lee; Tiago Costa; Jeffrey Elloian; Elisa E. Konofagou; Kenneth L. Shepard;
    Science Advances,
    Volume 7, Issue 19, pp. eabf6312, 2021. DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abf6312
    document

  137. A New Approach for Monitoring Sweat Ammonia Levels Using a Ventilated Capsule
    Annemarijn Steijlen; Jeroen Bastemaijer; Robbert Nederhoff; Kasper Jansen; Paddy French; Andre Bossche;
    engineering proceedings,
    Volume 38, pp. 6, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ecsa-8-11332
    Keywords: ... sweat sensor; NH3; metal oxide gas sensor; ventilated capsule.

    Abstract: ... Ammonium levels in sweat can potentially be used to measure muscle fatigue and to diagnose particular metabolic myopathies. To research the potential use of ammonia in sweat as a biomarker, a new real-time monitoring system is developed. This system consists of a capsule that is placed at the skin and ventilated with dry air. A metal oxide gas sensor in the capsule detects the ammonia that is evaporated from sweat. The sensor system was built, and calibration experiments were performed. The sensors show good sensitivity from 27 mV/ppm to 1.1 mV/ppm in the desired measurement range of 1 to 30 ppm respectively. A temperature and humidity sensor are integrated to compensate for temperature and humidity effects on the NH3 sensor.

  138. An Integrated 2D Ultrasound Phased Array Transmitter in CMOS with Pixel Pitch-Matched Beamforming
    Tiago Costa; Chen Shi; Kevin Tien; Jeffrey Elloian; Filipe A. Cardoso; Kenneth Shepard;
    IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems,
    pp. 1, July 2021. DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2021.3096722
    document

  139. Smart sensor tights: Movement tracking of the lower limbs in football
    Annemarijn Steijlen; Bastiaan Burgers; Erik Wilmes; Jeroen Bastemeijer; Bram Bastiaansen; Patrick French; Andre Bossche; Kaspar Jansen;
    Wearable technologies,
    Volume 2, 2021. DOI: 10.1017/wtc.2021.16
    Keywords: ... inertial measurement units, wearable sensors, football, movement tracking.

    Abstract: ... This article presents a novel smart sensor garment with integrated miniaturized inertial measurements units (IMUs) that can be used to monitor lower body kinematics during daily training activities, without the need of extensive technical assistance throughout the measurements. The smart sensor tights enclose five ultra-light sensor modules that measure linear accelerations, angular velocities, and the earth magnetic field in three directions. The modules are located at the pelvis, thighs, and shanks. The garment enables continuous measurement in the field at high sample rates (250 Hz) and the sensors have a large measurement range (32 g, 4,000°/s). They are read out by a central processing unit through an SPI bus, and connected to a centralized battery in the waistband. A fully functioning prototype was built to perform validation studies in a lab setting and in a field setting. In the lab validation study, the IMU data (converted to limb orientation data) were compared with the kinematic data of an optoelectronic measurement system and good validity (CMCs >0.8) was shown. In the field tests, participants experienced the tights as comfortable to wear and they did not feel restricted in their movements. These results show the potential of using the smart sensor tights on a regular base to derive lower limb kinematics in the field.

  140. Three-Dimensional Graphene-Based Foams with “Greater Electron Transferring Areas” Deriving High Gas Sensitivity
    Zhuo Chen; Jinrong Wang; Nengjie Cao; Yao Wang; Hao Li; Nicolaas Frans de Rooij; Ahmad Umar; Yancong Feng; Paddy French; Guofu Zhou;
    Applied Nano Materials,
    Volume 4, pp. 13234-13245, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.1c02759
    Keywords: ... graphene foams, supramolecular assembly, lyophilization, charge transfer, gas sensors.

    Abstract: ... Graphene foams are promising three-dimensional (3D) architectures with the combination of the intrinsic nature of graphene and unique cellular structures for various realms. Herein, a facile technique is developed by combining supramolecular assembly with lyophilization to functionalize graphene with donor−π-acceptor (D−π- A) molecules and then massively transform the two-dimensional (2D) plane nanosheets into 3D foams. The as-prepared gas sensors work at room temperature (RT) and reveal comprehensive gas sensing performance with an ultrahigh response (Ra/Rg = 3.2, 10 ppm), excellent selectivity, and reliable repeatability toward NO2. Notably, a gas sensing enhancement mechanism with density functional theory (DFT) calculations is proposed to unravel the synergetic effect of the “Greater Electron Transferring Area” and the specific 3D foam structure for the enhancement of charge transfer and NO2 adsorption. The combination of supramolecular assembly and the lyophilization technique provides a strategy to prepare 3D architectural graphene-based materials for high-performance gas sensors and chemical trace detectors.

  141. Smart sensor tights: Movement tracking of the lower limbs in football”, Wearable Technologies
    Annemarijn Steijlen; Bastiaan Burgers; Erik Wilmes; Jeroen Bastemeijer; Bram Bastiaansen; Patrick French; Andre Bossche; Kaspar Janse;
    Waerable Technologies,
    Volume 2, 2021. DOI: e17 doi:10.1017/wtc.2021.16

  142. Parts per billion sensitive, highly selective ambient operable, ammonia sensor with supramolecular nanofibres as active element.
    S. Kundu; S. J. George; G. U. Kulkarni;
    Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical,
    Volume 347, November 2021. DOI: 130634
    Abstract: ... Ammonia is among the most produced chemicals worldwide, and the detection in case of leakage is crucial because of its adverse effects on human health and the environment. The efficacy of commercial metal oxide-based ammonia sensors is limited because of their poor selectivity and high power requirements. In this article, we report the fabrication of a high performance ammonia sensor using 1D supramolecular nanofibres as the active material. The fibres are an inverse micellar assembly of a donor, coronene tetracarboxylate (CS) and an acceptor, dodecyl methyl viologen (DMV), with an absorbed water layer around which dissolves and ionises ammonia molecules and improves conductivity. The sensor can effectively detect ammonia at moderate humidity values (> 60% RH) without using an additional heating element. The sensors can even detect 1 ppb of ammonia with a remarkable response of around 40%. The response and recovery times are of few seconds, better than most of the literature reports. The present sensor shows high selectivity and response towards ammonia compared to the commercial ammonia sensors tested in this work. The sensor fabricated on PET substrate demonstrated good stability with almost 90% retention of the initial response even after 2000 bending cycles. In combination with a commercial humidity sensor, the present ammonia sensor could differentiate between humidity and ammonia. The real-time detection of ammonia is shown possible by integrating the present device on an Arduino micro-controller board.

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  143. Aesthetically acceptable, breath friendly triboelectric face masks: design, fabrication and its efficacy
    P. K. Santra; A. K. Singh; G. U. Kulkarni; S. Kundu; T. S. Rao; M. K. Ganesha;
    Energy Technology,
    September 2021.
    Abstract: ... Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, several attempts have been made worldwide to control the spread of the virus. It is widely accepted that wearing face masks in public and workplaces suppresses the transmission of the virus. Highly effective face masks, e.g. N95, have a high filtration efficiency but with a large pressure drop, which does not allow one to wear the mask comfortably for long hours. A larger population wearing a moderate efficiency mask can also cut the transmission at large. Herein, mask panels from readily available fabrics are developed, that can generate triboelectricity, which enhances the filtration efficiency by around 18% without compromising the pressure drop—allowing one to wear the mask for an extended period. The unique cup-shaped design of the mask provides a snug fit with no speech distortion or fogging on the glasses.

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  144. Extended X-Ray Emission Associated with the Radio Lobes and the Environments of 60 Radio Galaxies.
    A. Gill; M. M. Boyce; C. P. O'Dea; S. A. Baum; P. Kharb; N. Campbell; G. R. Tremblay; S. Kundu;
    The Astrophysical Journal,
    May 2021. DOI: 912 88
    Abstract: ... The Astrophysical Journal The American Astronomical Society, find out more The Institute of Physics, find out more Extended X-Ray Emission Associated with the Radio Lobes and the Environments of 60 Radio Galaxies Ajay Gill1,2, Michelle M. Boyce3, Christopher P. O'Dea3, Stefi A. Baum4, Preeti Kharb5, Neil Campbell6, Grant R. Tremblay7, and Suman Kundu8 Published 2021 May 7 • © 2021. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 912, Number 2 Citation Ajay Gill et al 2021 ApJ 912 88 DOI 10.3847/1538-4357/abec74 DownloadArticle PDF DownloadArticle ePub Figures Tables References 840 Total downloads 22 total citations on Dimensions. Turn on MathJax Get permission to re-use this article Share this article Share this content via email Share on Facebook (opens new window) Share on Twitter (opens new window) Share on Mendeley (opens new window) Article and author information Abstract This paper studied the faint, diffuse extended X-ray emission associated with the radio lobes and the hot gas in the intracluster medium (ICM) environment for a sample of radio galaxies. We used shallow (∼10 ks) archival Chandra observations for 60 radio galaxies (7 FR I and 53 FR II) with 0.0222 ≤ z ≤ 1.785 selected from the 298 extragalactic radio sources identified in the 3CR catalog. We used Bayesian statistics to look for any asymmetry in the extended X-ray emission between regions that contain the radio lobes and regions that contain the hot gas in the ICM. In the Chandra broad band (0.5–7.0 keV), which has the highest detected X-ray flux and the highest signal-to-noise ratio, we found that the nonthermal X-ray emission from the radio lobes dominates the thermal X-ray emission from the environment for ∼77% of the sources in our sample. We also found that the relative amount of on-jet axis nonthermal emission from the radio lobes tends to increase with redshift compared to the off-jet axis thermal emission from the environment. This suggests that the dominant X-ray mechanism for the nonthermal X-ray emission in the radio lobes is due to the inverse Compton upscattering of cosmic microwave background (CMB) seed photons by relativistic electrons in the radio lobes, a process for which the observed flux is roughly redshift independent due to the increasing CMB energy density with increasing redshift.

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  145. Unexpected Redundancy of Gpr56 and Gpr97 During Hematopoietic Cell Development and Differentiation
    Antonio Maglitto*; Samanta A. Mariani*; Emma de Pater; Carmen Rodriguez-Seoane; Chris S. Vink; Xianhua Piao; Mari-Liis Lukke; Elaine Dzierzak;
    Blood Advances,
    Volume 5, Issue 3, pp. 829--842, February 2021. DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020003693
    document

  146. Quantifying and dispensing of magnetic particles in a self-assembled magnetic particle array
    Song, Suk-Heung; Yoon, Jinsik; Jeong, Yongkyo; Jung, Yong-Gyun; Abelmann, Leon; Park, Wook;
    Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials,
    Volume 539, 2021. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmmm.2021.168341
    Keywords: ... Automation; Dispensers; Glass; Magnetic bubbles; Suspensions (components); Automatic dispenser; Glass-coated particle; Low-costs; Magnetic metals; Magnetic particle; Mass production process; Metal core; Particle arrays; Rod-shape particle; Rod-shaped; Self assembly.

    Abstract: ... We develop a low-cost, mass-production process for creating rod-shaped glass-coated magnetic particles consisting of a magnetic metal core and glass shell structure. We investigate their magnetic properties by analyzing their optical absorbance in suspension as a function of the orientation of a 1 mT magnetic field. From the response we derive that the magnetization of the particles is 0.1 MA/m. We demonstrate an automated system that quantifies and dispenses a large amount of RGMPs by magnetic self-assembly on a high-volume plate patterned with an array of holes. This automatic dispenser can provide packaging forms with the smallest unit of RGMPs for in-vitro diagnostics and is expected to reduce the time and effort required for the assembly and packaging process. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.

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  147. Influence of the Distribution of the Properties of Permanent Magnets on the Field Homogeneity of Magnet Assemblies for Mobile NMR
    Klein, Y. P.; Abelmann, L.; Gardeniers, J. G. E.;
    IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,
    Volume 57, Issue 7, 2021. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/TMAG.2021.3077301
    Keywords: ... Magnetic fields; Magnetization; Monte Carlo methods; Permanent magnets; Sensitivity analysis; Active shimming; Different sizes; Field homogeneity; General designs; Magnet assembly; Magnet configurations; Magnetic field homogeneity; Positioning error; Nuclear magnetic resonance.

    Abstract: ... We optimized the magnetic field homogeneity of two canonical designs for mobile microfluidic nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) applications: two parallel magnets with an air gap and a modified Halbach array. Along with the influence of the sample length, general design guidelines will be presented. For a fair comparison, the sensitive length of the sample has been chosen to be the same as the gap size between the magnets to ensure enough space for the transmitting and receiving unit, as well as basic electric shimming components. Keeping the compactness of the final device in mind, a box with an edge length 5 times the gap size has been defined, in which the complete magnet configuration should fit. With the chosen boundary conditions, the simple parallel cuboid configuration reaches the best homogeneity without active shimming ( 0.5 B s, 41 ppm), while the pseudo-Halbach configuration has the highest field strength ( 0.9 B s , 994 ppm), assuming perfect magnets. However, permanent magnet configurations suffer from imperfections, such as magnetization, fabrication, and positioning errors, which results in worse magnetic field homogeneities than expected from simulations using a fixed optimized parameter set. We present a sensitivity analysis for a magnetic cube and the results of studies of the variations in the magnetization and angle of magnetization of magnets purchased from different suppliers, composed of different materials and coatings, and of different sizes. We performed a detailed Monte Carlo simulation on the effect of the measured distribution of magnetic properties on the mentioned configurations. The cuboid design shows a mean homogeneity of 430 ppm (std. dev. 350 ppm), the Pseudo-Halbach has a mean homogeneity of 1086 ppm (std dev. 8 ppm). © 1965-2012 IEEE.

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  148. Agglomeration structure of superparamagnetic nanoparticles in a nematic liquid crystal medium: Image analysis datasets based on cryo-electron microscopy and polarised optical microscopy techniques
    Sung, Baeckkyoung; Abelmann, Leon;
    Data in Brief,
    Volume 34, 2021. All Open Access, Gold Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2021.106716
    Abstract: ... This dataset shows the agglomerate dimension and structure of oleic acid-coated superparamagnetic nanoparticles (SPIONs), which are dispersed in the nematic fluid of a thermotropic liquid crystal (LC), 4-cyano-4′-pentylbiphenyl (5CB). The analysed datasets were acquired from the raw images of the SPION-5CB mixtures obtained using cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) and polarised optical microscopy. The image data were quantitatively analysed to extract statistical information on the sizes of SPIONs and their agglomerates and the inter-particle spacing of the agglomerated SPIONs. This dataset supports the fundamental understanding on how colloidal nanospheres behave in an anisotropic fluid, and has a potential to be used as a part of database for automated design of new hybrid materials. © 2021 The Author(s)

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  149. Multi-Axis Electric Stepper Motor
    Groenhuis, Vincent; Rolff, Gijs; Bosman, Koen; Abelmann, Leon; Stramigioli, Stefano;
    IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters,
    Volume 6, Issue 4, pp. 7201 – 7208, 2021. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/LRA.2021.3097077
    Keywords: ... Agricultural robots; Degrees of freedom (mechanics); Compact solutions; Mechanical design; Mechanical systems; Multiple degrees of freedom; Multiple joints; Multiple rotors; Revolutions per minutes; Robotic systems; Stepping motors.

    Abstract: ... Multi-axis stepper motors offer a compact solution to actuate multiple degrees of freedom in a mechanical system by a single device. This research presents an electric stepper motor with three coaxial shafts driven by a single stator. The motor dimensions are 42 × 42 × 44 mm3 (excluding output shafts), its mass is 0.326 kg and it includes three rotors of height 7 mm and different number of teeth. The maximum torque for one rotor at low speed and 1 A current is 0.10 N m, which is comparable to that of a conventional stepper motor with similar rotor size. When multiple rotors are driven simultaneously, then the total power has to be distributed over the three rotors, resulting in 42% lower torque on average. The maximum no-load speed is 4000 revolutions per minute. The coaxial output shaft configuration poses significant challenges but also unique opportunities in actuating multiple joints of a robotic system. In many applications, the mechanical design can be redesigned to make effective use of the multi-motor design. An example of a three-DOF robot arm is demonstrated that can be efficiently driven by the proposed motor. © 2016 IEEE.

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  150. Optimal halbach configuration for flow-through immunomagnetic ctc enrichment
    Stevens, Michiel; Liu, Peng; Niessink, Tom; Mentink, Anouk; Abelmann, Leon; Terstappen, Leon;
    Diagnostics,
    Volume 11, Issue 6, 2021. All Open Access, Gold Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11061020
    Keywords: ... epithelial cell adhesion molecule; ferrofluid; antigen expression; Article; cell separation; cellular distribution; circulating tumor cell; comparative study; controlled study; enrichment culture; finite element analysis; flow rate; human; human cell; immunomagnetic separation; male; measurement; prediction.

    Abstract: ... Due to the low frequency of circulating tumor cells (CTC), the standard CellSearch method of enumeration and isolation using a single tube of blood is insufficient to measure treatment effects consistently, or to steer personalized therapy. Using diagnostic leukapheresis this sample size can be increased; however, this also calls for a suitable new method to process larger sample inputs. In order to achieve this, we have optimized the immunomagnetic enrichment process using a flow-through magnetophoretic system. An overview of the major forces involved in magnetophoretic separation is provided and the model used for optimizing the magnetic configuration in flow through immunomagnetic enrichment is presented. The optimal Halbach array element size was calculated and both optimal and non-optimal arrays were built and tested using anti-EpCAM ferrofluid in combination with cell lines of varying EpCAM antigen expression. Experimentally measured distributions of the magnetic moment of the cell lines used for comparison were combined with predicted recoveries and fit to the experimental data. Resulting predictions agree with measured data within measurement uncertainty. The presented method can be used not only to optimize magnetophoretic separation using a variety of flow configurations but could also be adapted to optimize other (static) magnetic separation techniques. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

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  151. Magnetic microgels and nanogels: Physical mechanisms and biomedical applications
    Sung, Baeckkyoung; Kim, Min-Ho; Abelmann, Leon;
    Bioengineering and Translational Medicine,
    Volume 6, Issue 1, 2021. All Open Access, Gold Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10190
    Keywords: ... Gels; Gene therapy; Hybrid materials; Hydrogels; Magnetism; Medical applications; Nanostructured materials; Physicochemical properties; Structural design; catalase; chitosan; collagen; diclofenac; doxorubicin; fluorouracil; gadolinium; graphene; graphene oxide; hyaluronic acid; hydrogel; macrogol; magnetic microgel; magnetic nanoparticle; methotrexate; microgel (material); nanocomposite; nanogel; nanomaterial; nanoparticle; polymer; polyvinyl alcohol; reactive oxygen metabolite; superoxide dismutase; unclassified drug; Anticancer treatment; Biological environments; Biomedical applications; Engineering principles; Inorganic nanoparticle; Micro and nanostructures; Multifunctional composites; Physico-chemical mechanisms; biocatalysis; biodegradability; biomanipulation; biomedicine; bioseparation; cancer chemotherapy; cancer gene therapy; cancer therapy; crystal structure; decellularization; drug delivery system; drug diffusion; electrospinning; encapsulation; entropy; enzyme immobilization; exosome; fluorescence microscopy; gene therapy; hydrogen bond; hydrophobicity; hysteresis; magnetic field; microfluidics; nanofabrication; nanomedicine; personalized medicine; photodynamic therapy; photoluminescence; photothermal therapy; polymerization; regenerative medicine; Review; tissue engineering; tissue regeneration; Magnetic nanoparticles.

    Abstract: ... Soft micro- and nanostructures have been extensively developed for biomedical applications. The main focus has been on multifunctional composite materials that combine the advantages of hydrogels and colloidal particles. Magnetic microgels and nanogels can be realized by hybridizing stimuli-sensitive gels and magnetic nanoparticles. They are of particular interest since they can be controlled in a wide range of biological environments by using magnetic fields. In this review, we elucidate physical principles underlying the design of magnetic microgels and nanogels for biomedical applications. Particularly, this article provides a comprehensive and conceptual overview on the correlative structural design and physical functionality of the magnetic gel systems under the concept of colloidal biodevices. To this end, we begin with an overview of physicochemical mechanisms related to stimuli-responsive hydrogels and transport phenomena and summarize the magnetic properties of inorganic nanoparticles. On the basis of the engineering principles, we categorize and summarize recent advances in magnetic hybrid microgels and nanogels, with emphasis on the biomedical applications of these materials. Potential applications of these hybrid microgels and nanogels in anticancer treatment, protein therapeutics, gene therapy, bioseparation, biocatalysis, and regenerative medicine are highlighted. Finally, current challenges and future opportunities in the design of smart colloidal biodevices are discussed. © 2020 The Authors. Bioengineering & Translational Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Institute of Chemical Engineers.

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  152. 3D Printing for Microgel-Based Liver Cell Encapsulation
    O'Connor, Jonathan S.; Kim, Heesoo; Gwag, Eunheui; Abelmann, Leon; Sung, Baeckkyoung; Manz, Andreas;
    conference, 2021. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/MEMS51782.2021.9375385
    Keywords: ... Cell culture; Cooling systems; Drops; Gels; MEMS; Surface active agents; Channel temperature; Gelatin microgels; HepG2 cell line; High throughput; Human liver cells; Micro-fluidic devices; Rectangular channel; Surfactant-free; 3D printers.

    Abstract: ... In this work, we describe the rapid prototyping of a microfluidic device for the surfactant free encapsulation of human liver cells (HepG2 cell line) in gelatin microgels, for the purpose of 3D tissue mimics in high-throughput cytotoxicity screening. Chips with rectangular channels of approximately 260 μm high by 350 μm wide produced a droplet size of 130±12 μm at a rate of 7.9±0.6 drops per second. Integrated water heating and cooling systems were efficient at regulating channel temperature, preventing the coalescence of droplets within the device without any need for surfactants. HepG2 cell viability two hours after microgel generation was 96.5%. © 2021 IEEE.

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  153. Development of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) multichannel stimulator prototype for use in early clinical trials
    K. Kolovou-Kouri; S. Soloukey; B.S. Harhangi; W.A. Serdijn; V. Giagka;
    In Book of Abstracts, 8th Dutch Biomedical Engineering Conf. (BME) 2021,
    Virtual, 28-29 January 2021.
    document

  154. Investigation of the long-term adhesion and barrier properties of a PDMS-Parylene stack with PECVD ceramic interlayers for the conformal encapsulation of neural implants
    Nasim Bakhshaee; Ronald Dekker; Ole Holk; Ursa Tiringer; Peyman Taheri; Domonkos Horvath; Tibor Nanasi; István Ulbert; Wouter Serdijn; Vasiliki Giagka;
    In IEEE European Microelectronics and Packaging Conference (EMPC),
    Online, September 2021.
    document

  155. UV and IR laser-patterning for high-density thin-film neural interfaces
    Andrada Velea; Joshua Wilson; Anna Pak; Manuel Seckel; Sven Schmidt; Stefan Kosmider; Nasim Bakhshaee; Wouter Serdijn; Vasiliki Giagka;
    In IEEE European Microelectronics and Packaging Conference (EMPC) 2021,
    Online, September 2021.
    document

  156. Schlieren Visualization of Focused Ultrasound Beam Steering for Spatially Specific Stimulation of the Vagus Nerve In Proc. 2021 10th , Online, IEEE, May 4-6 2021.
    Shinnosuke Kawasaki; Eric Dijkema; Marta Saccher; Vasiliki Giagka; Jean Schleipen; Ronald Dekker;
    In 10th International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering (NER),
    Online, May 4-6 2021. 2021.
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  157. Dorsal Root Ganglion (DRG) Versatile Stimulator Prototype Developed for Use in Locomotion Recovery Early Clinical Trials
    Konstantina Kolovou-Kouri; Sadaf Soloukey; Frank Huygen; Sanjay Biswadjiet Harhangi; Wouter Serdijn; Vasiliki Giagka;
    In 10th International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering (NER),
    Online, IEEE, May 4-6 2021 2021.
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  158. Towards all-polymer cochlear implant micro-electrode arrays
    A Miralles-Abete; PJ French;
    In Mike McShane; Subhas Mkhopadhyay (Ed.), Proceedings IEEE Sensors 2021,
    IEEE, IEEE, October 2021.
    Keywords: ... Cochlear Implants, PEDOT:PSS, Micro- Electrodes, BioMedical Engineering.

    Abstract: ... This paper shows that PEDOT:PSS is an excellent material for all-polymeric cochlear implant micro-electrode arrays. Initial experiments have shown a high conductivity of 230 S/cm for PEDOT:PSS samples, which dramatically decreased to 0.48 S/cm after 3 hours of UV treatment. Electrical characterisation of PEDOT:PSS electrodes reveals that its maximum charge injection capacity is 15 times higher than that of platinum,the electrode material used in commercial cochlear implants. These experiments demonstrate that PEDOT:PSS is an excellent candidate material for cochlear implants, both as micro-electrode and insulating layer.

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  159. Real-time thermographic object tracking of the body temperature of a neonate
    K Rassels; PJ French;
    In Proceedings Sensors 2021,
    SECTOR, August 2021.
    Keywords: ... thermographic object tracking, thermography technology, incubator, infrared thermal imag-ing, neonates, tracking body temperature, monitoring body temperature, monitoring vi-tal signs, temperature measurement..

    Abstract: ... Neonates can show sudden rapid body movements when they are in pain, need care, or need to be fed. They can also be very quiet and immovable or move very slowly when they are asleep or being fed. Monitoring a neonate’s body temperature for a long time provides physicians and caretakers valuable information about the health condition of the baby. Thermographic technology is a remote and very safe way to measure an accurate neonate’s body temperature in order to monitor his/her vital signs. However, the tracking of an elastic thermo-graphic profile of a subject with a random and erratic movement for short- and long-term is a challenging task.

  160. ACCURATE BODY TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT OF A NEONATE USING THERMOGRAPHY TECHNOLOGY
    K Rassels; PJ French;
    In Thomas Otto (Ed.), Smart System Integration,
    IEEE, Silicon Saxony, April 2021. DOI: DOI: 10.1109/SSI52265.2021.9467024
    Keywords: ... thermography technology, neonates, body temperature, infrared thermal imaging.

    Abstract: ... One of the important measured vital signs in neonates is the body temperature. The traditional measurement uses adhesive pads, but medical staff are hindered by connectors attached to the infant. Remote infrared thermal imaging techniques provide a non-intrusive and safe method to measure body temperature. By means of the thermography technology, it is possible to monitor the variations and trends in the body temperature, which is more reliable, faster, less stressful than traditional methods. Measuring body temperature of a moving neonate remains a challenge. Moreover, factors like humidity, thermal lens forming through the incubator portholes, thermal noise from inside and outside the incubator, camera position and limited Field of View through the incubator portholes, etc. could disrupt a reliable measurement. This study will focus on developing a technique that measures neonates’ body temperature accurately in an incubator. By eliminating unwanted external factors, continual measurement of a Region of Interest (ROI) become more feasible from which trends become available for the techniques like Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning or Deep Learning. Moreover, this method reduces stress and discomfort for the infant. The outcome of this study is more accurate and the temperature profile of a geometric shapes or ROI over time provides a valuable input to the physicians or nurses to provide higher quality care.

  161. Towards a wireless system that can monitor the encapsulation of mm-sized active implants in vivo for bioelectronic medicine
    Gonçalo Rodrigues; Mariana Neca; João Silva; Diogo Brito; Taimur Rabuske; Jorge Fernandes; Rainer Mohrlok; Christoph Jeschke; Jannis Meents; Kambiz Nanbakhsh; Vasiliki Giagka;
    In Proc. 2021 10th International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering (NER),
    Online, IEEE, May 2021.
    Keywords: ... Neural Interfaces - Implantable systems, Neural Interfaces - Neural microsystems and Interface engineering.

    Abstract: ... Active neural interfaces for bioelectronic medicine are envisioned to be mm-sized. Such miniaturization is at the moment hampered by the available wireless power techniques as well as the large volume the conventional hermetic packaging adds to the implant. Alternatively, conformal coatings are being explored for the protection of the implant electronics. Such approach has the potential to allow for the use of RF (radio-frequency) energy for powering, and miniaturization to the extreme of having a single IC (integrated circuit) as the whole implant (single chip implants). The longevity of conformal encapsulation can be assessed using accelerated soak tests in a dedicated apparatus in vitro, but these are usually not sufficient, as they fail to reveal additional failure modes that manifest themselves in vivo. Therefore, to investigate the performance of conformal coatings in vivo a compact, mm-sized wireless monitoring system is required. The development of such a system exhibits several challenges, mostly concerned with how, to receive enough energy in such a small implant to power the monitoring sensor and transmit information regarding the integrity of the coating. In this paper proposes a system architecture for such a mm-sized wireless system, suitable for medium-to-long term monitoring of implants, by designing the whole system as a single monolithic IC. It is shown, by experiments, simulation or analytically that the identified challenges are possible to overcome.

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  162. A Comparison between Class-E DC-DC Design Methodologies for Wireless Power Transfer
    Andrea Celentano; Fabio Pareschi; Virgilio Valente; Riccardo Rovatti; Wouter A. Serdijn; Gianluca Setti;
    In proc. 2021 IEEE 64rd International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS),
    Online, IEEE, pp. 71-74, August 9-11 2021.
    document

  163. Het effect van hoogfrequente stimulatie van de nervus pudendus op de druk in het anale kanaal in ratten
    R.L. Coolen; K.M. Emmer; P.I. Spantidea; E. van Asselt; J.R. Scheepe; W.A. Serdijn; B.F.M. Blok;
    In Bohn Stafleu van Loghum (Ed.), Abstracts voorjaarsvergadering NVU,
    21 mei 2021.
    document

  164. A 10-bit, 771 nW Time-Mode ADC with a 2-Step TDC for Bio-Signal Acquisition
    E. Kandilakis; W.A. Serdijn; O.C. Akgun;
    In proc. 2021 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS),
    IEEE, Oct. 6-9 2021. DOI: 10.1109/BioCAS49922.2021.9644997
    document

  165. DATA-COMPRESSIVE SENSOR ARRAY
    B. Murmann; D. G. Muratore; E. J. Chichilnisky; P. Tandon;
    Patent, US20210330449A1, 2021.

  166. Silicon-based devices for in-vivo applications
    IAAM (Ed.);
    IAAM, , 2021. DOI: DOI: 10.5185/eamc21
    Keywords: ... In-vivo sensor, implantable microsystems, sensor patches, medical devices.

    Abstract: ... In-vivo sensors yield valuable information by measuring directly on the living tissue of a patient. These devices can be surface or implant devices. Electrical activity in the body, from organs or muscles can be measured using surface electrodes. Other surface devices can measure glucose, sweat, blood pressure, etc. These are often flexible devices in the form of a plaster, or some are fixed to the underside of a watch. For short term internal devices, catheters are used. These include cardiac catheter (in blood vessels) and bladder catheters. Due to the size and shape of the catheters, silicon devices provided an excellent solution for measurement. Since many cardiac catheters are disposables, the high volume led to lower prices of the silicon sensors. This was one of the first devices to take advantage of mass production in silicon. Many catheters use a single sensor, but silicon offers the opportunity to have multi sensors in a single catheter. Devices for longer term implantation presented additional challenges due to the harshness of the environment and the regulations for biocompatibility and safety. Some devices may be used for a short-to-medium period to monitor after an operation or injury. One example, is a sensor for measuring tissue viability after an operation. Since this is required for less than 30 days, the FDA regulations are easier than long-term/permanent implants. Increasingly sensing devices are being applied to longer term implants for monitoring a range of parameters for chronic conditions, or for stimulation. Long-term stimulations include cochlear implants and nerve stimulators. Silicon itself is not a biocompatible material and in silicon processing a number of materials may be used, which are also unsuitable. However, coating layers may be used to protect the body from the silicon and also protect the silicon from the harsh in-vivo environment. This paper will examine the three main areas of application for in-vivo devices: surface devices, short-term and long-term implants. The issues of biocompatibility and safety will be discussed, as well as the different medical requirements.

  167. Analysis and Design of Power Supply Circuits for RF Oscillators
    Alessandro Urso; Yue Chen; Johan F. Dijkhuis; Yao-Hong Liu; Masoud Babaie; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers,
    04 September 2020. DOI: 10.1109/TCSI.2020.3020001
    document

  168. Zero-Power Defense Done Right: Shielding IMDs from Battery-Depletion Attacks
    Muhammad Ali Siddiqi; Wouter A. Serdijn; Christos Strydis;
    Journal of Signal Processing Systems (Elsevier),
    8 April 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11265-020-01530-5
    document

  169. Bidirectional Bioelectronic Interfaces: System Design and Circuit Implications
    Y. Liu; A. Urso; Martins da Ponte, Ronaldo; T. Costa; V. Valente; V. Giagka; W.A. Serdijn; T.G. Constandinou; T. Denison;
    IEEE Solid-State Circuits Magazine,
    Volume 12, Issue 2, pp. 30-46, 23 June 2020. DOI: 10.1109/MSSC.2020.2987506
    document

  170. IC compatible materials for sensors
    PJ French;
    Key Engineering Materials,
    Volume 843, pp. 58-63, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.843
    document

  171. A Chip Integrity Monitor for Evaluating Moisture/Ion Ingress in mm-Sized Single-Chip Implants
    Omer Can Akgun; Kambiz Nanbakhsh; Vasiliki Giagka; Wouter Serdijn;
    IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems,
    7 July 2020. DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2020.3007484
    Keywords: ... —Chip integrity, flexible implants, encapsulation, interlayer dielectric (ILD), silicon dioxide, resistance, time-mode, monitoring, reliability.

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  172. A Switched-Capacitor DC-DC Converter Powering an LC Oscillator to Achieve 85% System Peak Power Efficiency and -65 dBc Spurious Tones
    Alessandro Urso; Yue Chen; Robert Bogdan Staszewski; Johan F. Dijkhuis; Stefano Stanzione; Yao-Hong Liu; Wouter A. Serdijn; Masoud Babaie;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers,
    07 August 2020. DOI: 10.1109/TCSI.2020.3012106
    document

  173. In-vivo microsystems: A review
    PJ French;
    Sensors,
    Volume 2, pp. 22, September 2020. DOI: doi:10.3390/s20174953
    Keywords: ... medical sensors, implants, in-vivo devices, microsystems.

    Abstract: ... In-vivo sensors yield valuable medical information by measuring directly on the living tissue of a patient. These devices can be surface or implant devices. Electrical activity in the body,from organs or muscles can be measured using surface electrodes. For short term internal devices,catheters are used. These include cardiac catheter (in blood vessels) and bladder catheters. Due to the size and shape of the catheters, silicon devices provided an excellent solution for sensors. Since many cardiac catheters are disposable, the high volume has led to lower prices of the silicon sensors. Many catheters use a single sensor, but silicon offers the opportunity to have multi sensors in a single catheter, while maintaining small size. The cardiac catheter is usually inserted for a maximum of 72 h. Some devices may be used for a short-to-medium period to monitor parameters after an operation or injury (1–4 weeks). Increasingly, sensing, and actuating, devices are being applied to longer term implants for monitoring a range of parameters for chronic conditions. Devices for longer term implantation presented additional challenges due to the harshness of the environment and the stricter regulations for biocompatibility and safety. This paper will examine the three main areas of application for in-vivo devices: surface devices and short/medium-term and long-term implants. The issues of biocompatibility and safety will be discussed.

  174. Monolithic Integration of a Smart Temperature Sensor on a Modular Silicon-based Organ-on-a-Chip Device
    Martins da Ponte, Ronaldo; Nikolas Gaio; Henk van Zeijl; Sten Vollebregt; Paul Dijkstra; Ronald Dekker; Wouter A. Serdijn; Vasiliki Giagka;
    Sensors and Actuators A: Physical,
    Nov. 21 2020. ISSN 0924-4247.
    Keywords: ... Organs-on-a-chip; Smart temperature sensor; Time-mode domain signal processing; MEMS; CMOS Monolithic Integration; MEMS-Electronics co-fabrication.

    Abstract: ... One of the many applications of organ-on-a-chip (OOC) technology is the study of biological processes in human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) during pharmacological drug screening. It is of paramount importance to construct OOCs equipped with highly compact in situ sensors that can accurately monitor, in real time, the extracellular fluid environment and anticipate any vital physiological changes of the culture. In this paper, we report the co-fabrication of a CMOS smart sensor on the same substrate as our silicon-based OOC for real-time in situ temperature measurement of the cell culture. The proposed CMOS circuit is developed to provide the first monolithically integrated in situ smart temperature-sensing system on a micromachined silicon-based OOC device. Measurement results on wafer reveal a resolution of less than ±0.2 °C and a nonlinearity error of less than 0.05% across a temperature range from 30 °C to 40 °C. The sensor's time response is more than 10 times faster than the time constant of the convection-cooling mechanism found for a medium containing 0.4 ml of PBS solution. All in all, this work is the first step towards realising OOCs with seamless integrated CMOS-based sensors capable to measure, in real time, multiple physical quantities found in cell culture experiments. It is expected that the use of commercial foundry CMOS processes may enable OOCs with very large scale of multi-sensing integration and actuation in a closed-loop system manner.

    document

  175. A wearable fluidic collection patch and ion chromatography method for sweat electrolyte monitoring during exercise
    Annemarijn Steijlen, Jeroen Bastemeijer, Pim Groen, K.M.B Jansen, Patrick French ; Andre Bossche;
    Analytical Methods,
    pp. 8, November 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/D0AY02014A
    Abstract: ... This paper presents a method to continuously collect and reliably measure sweat analyte concentrations during exercise. The method can be used to validate newly developed sweat sensors and to obtain insight in intraindividual variations of sweat analytes in athletes. First, a novel design of a sweat collection system is created. The sweat collection patch, that is made from hydrophilized foil and a double-sided acrylate adhesive, consists of a reservoir array that collects samples consecutively in time. During a physiological experiment, sweat can be collected from the back of a participant and the filling speed of the collector is monitored by a camera. After the experiment, Na+, Cl- and K+ levels are measured with ion chromatography. Sweat analyte variations are measured during an exercise of an hour at three different locations at the back. The Na+ and Cl- variations show a similar trend and the absolute concentrations vary with patch location. Na+ and Cl concentrations increase and K+ concentrations seem to decrease during this exercise. With this new sweat collection system,sweat Na+, Cl- and K+ concentrations can be collected over time during an exercise at medium to high intensity, to analyse the trend in electrolyte variations per individual.

  176. Power-saving design opportunities for wireless intracortical brain-computer interfaces
    N. Even-Chen; D.G. Muratore; S.D. Stavisky; L.R. Hochberg; J.M. Henderson; B. Murmann; K.V. Shenoy;
    Nature biomedical engineering,
    Issue 4, pp. 984–996, Augustus 2020.
    document

  177. A 0.065-mm(3) Monolithically-Integrated Ultrasonic Wireless Sensing Mote for Real-Time Physiological Temperature MonitoringSyst
    C. Shi; T. Costa; J. Elloian; Y. Zhang; K.L. Shepard;
    IEEE Trans Biomed Circuits,
    Volume 14, Issue 3, pp. 412-424, June 2020. DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2020.2971066.
    document

  178. Ablation of piezoelectric polyvinylidene fluoride with a 193 nm excimer laser
    J. Elloian; J. Sherman; T. Costa; C. Shi; K. Shepard;
    Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A,
    Volume 38, Issue 3, pp. 033202, February 2020. DOI: 10.1116/1.5142494
    document

  179. A novel numerical model to simulate acoustofluidic particle manipulation
    Ali Mohammad Yazdani; Alper Sisman;
    IOP Publishing Physica Scripta,
    Volume 95, Issue 9, August 2020. DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/abac38
    document

  180. Numerical and Experimental Studies on the Effect of Surface Roughness and Ultrasonic Frequency on Bubble Dynamics in Acoustic Cavitation
    Rana Altay; Abdolali K. Sadaghiani; M. Ilker Sevgen; Alper Sisman; Ali Koşar;
    MDPI Energy,
    2020. DOI: 10.3390/en13051126
    document

  181. Electric field assisted assembly of 1D supramolecular nanofibres for enhanced supercapacitive performance
    S. Kundu; S. J. George; G. U. Kulkarni,;
    Journal of Materials Chemistry A,
    Volume 8, pp. 13106 - 13113, 2020. DOI: DOI https://doi.org/10.1039/D0TA03901B
    document

  182. Humidity sensing and breath analyzing applications of TiO2 slanted nanorod arrays.
    H. Jyothilal; G. Shukla; S. Walia; S. Kundu; and S. Angappane;
    Sensors and Actuators A: Physical,
    Volume 301, January 2020. DOI: 111758
    Abstract: ... Humidity sensing devices are fabricated using titanium dioxide nanorod arrays and studied in this work. TiO2 slanted nanorods were grown by using electron beam assisted physical evaporation technique by keeping quartz substrates at a glancing angle of 80°. TiO2 slanted nanorod arrays were characterized using XRD, FESEM with EDS, HR-TEM, and Raman spectroscopy techniques. XRD characterization reveals that as-deposited nanorods are amorphous, and annealing at 500 ℃ for 6 hrs leads to anatase crystal structure. FESEM confirms the growth of uniformly distributed nanorods without any cracks throughout the substrate. Further, the humidity sensing property was analyzed for both as-deposited and annealed samples with bottom gap electrode configuration. The sensing towards a wide humidity range was tested for fabricated TiO2 devices of both as-deposited and annealed TiO2 nanorods in a homemade humidity sensing setup. Remarkably, the annealed TiO2 nanorod sensor is found to be having high sensitivity and fast response and recovery times of 145 and 210 ms, respectively, for 95 % humidity. Finally, to check the practical applicability, the TiO2 nanorod sensors were used to analyze the humidity level in exhaled human breath to determine the dehydration level.

    document

  183. CNS Macrophages Differentially Rely on an Intronic Csf1r Enhancer for Their Development
    David A. D. Munro; Barry M. Bradford; Samanta A. Mariani; David W. Hampton; Chris S. Vink; Siddharthan Chandran; David A. Hume; Clare Pridans; Josef Priller;
    Development,
    Volume 147, Issue 23, pp. dev194449, December 2020. DOI: 10.1242/dev.194449
    document

  184. Iterative Single-Cell Analyses Define the Transcriptome of the First Functional Hematopoietic Stem Cells
    Chris S. Vink; Fernando J. Calero-Nieto; Xiaonan Wang; Antonio Maglitto; Samanta A. Mariani; Wajid Jawaid; Berthold Gottgens; Elaine Dzierzak;
    Cell Reports,
    Volume 31, Issue 6, pp. 107627, May 2020. DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107627
    document

  185. Notch Ligand Dll4 Impairs Cell Recruitment to Aortic Clusters and Limits Blood Stem Cell Generation
    Cristina Porcheri; Ohad Golan; Fernando J. Calero-Nieto; Roshana Thambyrajah; Cristina Ruiz-Herguido; Xiaonan Wang; Francesca Catto; Yolanda Guillen; Roshani Sinha; Jessica Gonzalez; Sarah J. Kinston; Samanta A. Mariani; Antonio Maglitto; Chris S. Vink; Elaine Dzierzak; Pierre Charbord; Bertie Gottgens; Lluis Espinosa; David Sprinzak; Anna Bigas;
    The EMBO Journal,
    Volume 39, Issue 8, March 2020. DOI: 10.15252/embj.2019104270
    document

  186. Experimental comparison of four nonlinear magnetic detection methods and considerations on clinical usability
    Van De Loosdrecht, M. M.; Abelmann, L.; Ten Haken, B.;
    Biomedical Physics and Engineering Express,
    Volume 7, Issue 1, 2020. All Open Access, Green Open Access, Hybrid Gold Open Access. DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/abce90
    Keywords: ... Humans; Magnetic Fields; Magnetics; Magnetite Nanoparticles; Signal-To-Noise Ratio; Harmonic analysis; Iron oxides; Magnetometry; Nanomagnetics; superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle; magnetite nanoparticle; Clinical application; Detection methods; Experimental comparison; External magnetic field; Field strengths; Magnetic detection; Nonlinear magnetic response; Nonlinear magnetics; Second harmonic detection; Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles; Article; excitation; intermethod comparison; magnetic particle spectroscopy; magnetometry; signal noise ratio; spectroscopy; human; magnetic field; magnetism; signal noise ratio; Signal to noise ratio.

    Abstract: ... Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) are promising for clinical applications, because they have a characteristic nonlinear magnetic response when an external magnetic field is applied. This nonlinearity enables the distinct detection of SPIONs and makes measurements less sensitive to the human body and surgical steel instruments. In clinical applications, only a limited field strength for the magnetic detection is allowed. The signal to noise ratios (SNRs) of four nonlinear magnetic detection methods are compared. These methods include differential magnetometry and three variations of magnetic particle spectroscopy: frequency mixing, second harmonic detection and third harmonic detection. All methods were implemented on the same hardware and experimentally compared for various field strengths. To make the comparison fair, the same power was supplied to the excitation coil each time. In general, the SNR increases with increasing field strength. The SNR per drive field of all methods stabilizes or even decreases for field strengths above 6 mT. The second harmonic detection has the best SNR and the most room for improvement. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd.

    document

  187. Inhomogeneous nematic-isotropic phase transition of a thermotropic liquid crystal doped with iron oxide nanoparticles
    Sung, Baeckkyoung; Yan, Huan; Kim, Chanjoong; Abelmann, Leon;
    Physics Letters, Section A: General, Atomic and Solid State Physics,
    Volume 384, Issue 36, 2020. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2020.126927
    Keywords: ... Aggregates; Crystal structure; Glass transition; High resolution transmission electron microscopy; Iron metallography; Magnetic nanoparticles; Metal nanoparticles; Nematic liquid crystals; Textures; Thermotropic liquid crystals; Aggregated structure; Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy; Iron oxide nanoparticle; Local distributions; Local heterogeneity; Nematic isotropic phase transition; Nematic-isotropic; Polarized microscopy; Iron oxides.

    Abstract: ... We elucidate the local distribution and aggregated structure of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs; 6 nm in diameter) doped in the matrix of a nematic liquid crystal (LC), 4-cyano-4'-pentylbiphenyl, utilizing in situ cryogenic transmission electron microscopy and polarized light microscopy. We show that tens of IONPs aggregate into a sphere-like morphology, and the aggregates combine into elongated clusters with a length of hundreds of nm. With the IONP-doped LC matrix confined to a thin glass cell, we study the nematic-isotropic (N-I) phase transition, and suggest that local heterogeneity of LC textures as seen in polarized microscopy is caused by the existence of IONP aggregate clusters. These clusters act also as nuclei for the formation of isotropic domains upon heating. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.

    document

  188. A Thermodynamic Description of Turbulence as a Source of Stochastic Kinetic Energy for 3D Self-Assembly
    L{\"o}thman, Per A.; Hageman, Tijmen A. G.; Elwenspoek, Miko C.; Krijnen, Gijs J. M.; Mastrangeli, Massimo; Manz, Andreas; Abelmann, Leon;
    Advanced Materials Interfaces,
    Volume 7, Issue 5, 2020. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1002/admi.201900963
    Keywords: ... Boltzmann equation; Higher order statistics; Kinetic energy; Random processes; Self assembly; Stochastic systems; Thermodynamics; Three dimensional computer graphics; Turbulence; Turbulent flow; Boltzmann distribution; Boltzmann statistics; Directional component; Macroscopic particles; magnetics; Self assembly process; Thermodynamic description; Thermodynamic theory; Kinetics.

    Abstract: ... The extent to which one can use a thermodynamic description of turbulent flow as a source of stochastic kinetic energy for 3D self-assembly of magnetically interacting macroscopic particles is investigated. It is confirmed that the speed of the objects in the flow field generated in this system obeys the Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution, and their random walk can be defined by a diffusion coefficient following from the Einstein relation. However, it is discovered that the analogy with Brownian dynamics breaks down when considering the directional components of the velocity. For the vectorial components, neither the equipartition theorem nor the Einstein relation is obeyed. Moreover, the kinetic energy estimated from the random walk of individual objects is one order of magnitude higher than the value estimated from Boltzmann statistics on the interaction between two spheres with embedded magnets. These results show that introducing stochastic kinetic energy into a self-assembly process by means of turbulent flow can to a great extent be described by standard thermodynamic theory, but anisotropies and the specific nature of the interactions need to be taken into account. © 2019 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim

    document

  189. Three-dimensional self-assembly using dipolar interaction
    Abelmann, Leon; Hageman, Tijmen A. G.; L{\"o}thman, Per A.; Mastrangeli, Massimo; Elwenspoek, Miko C.;
    Science Advances,
    Volume 6, Issue 19, 2020. All Open Access, Gold Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba2007
    Keywords: ... Crystals; Antiparallel state; Dipolar forces; Dipolar interaction; Micrometer ranges; One-dimensional chains; Regular structure; Three-dimensional crystals; Three-dimensional structure; article; controlled study; crystal; dipole; tumor spheroid; Self assembly.

    Abstract: ... Interaction between dipolar forces, such as permanent magnets, generally leads to the formation of one-dimensional chains and rings. We investigated whether it was possible to let dipoles self-assemble into three-dimensional structures by encapsulating them in a shell with a specific shape. We found that the condition for self-assembly of a three-dimensional crystal is satisfied when the energies of dipoles in the parallel and antiparallel states are equal. Our experiments show that the most regular structures are formed using cylinders and cuboids and not by spheroids. This simple design rule will help the self-assembly community to realize three-dimensional crystals from objects in the micrometer range, which opens up the way toward previously unknown metamaterials. Copyright © 2020 The Authors,

    document

  190. Magnetophoretic sorting of fluid catalytic cracking particles
    Solsona, Miguel; Nieuwelink, Anne-Eva; Odijk, Mathieu; Meirer, Florian; Abelmann, Leon; Olthuis, Wouter; Weckhuysen, Bert M.; van den Berg, Albert;
    conference, 2020.
    Keywords: ... Catalyst activity; Catalysts; Fluid catalytic cracking; Magnetic moments; Iron concentrations; Magnetophoresis; On chips; Particle trajectories; Screening.

    Abstract: ... We demonstrate an on-chip particle activity sorter, focused on iron concentration and based on magnetophoresis. This device was used for fast sorting of stepwise homogenously distributed [Fe]s. The preliminary results are very encouraging. We show that we can sort particles on magnetic moment, with a spread of a factor of four. XRF measurements confirm that the spread in magnetic moment is due to an increase in [Fe] concentration. This results fits well with particle trajectory simulations. © 17CBMS-0001.

    document

  191. Concentration polariztion to measure nano-pore accessibility
    Solsona, Miguel; Nieuwelink, Anne-Eva; Papadimitriou, Vasileios A.; Eijkel, Jan C. T.; Meirer, Florian; Abelmann, Leon; Olthuis, Wouter; Weckhuysen, Bert M.; van den Berg, Albert;
    conference, 2020.
    Keywords: ... Catalysts; Fluid catalytic cracking; Polarization; Concentration polarization; Deactivation process; Pore blockages; Porous catalysts; Single particle; Catalyst deactivation.

    Abstract: ... Understanding the deactivation process in porous catalysts is of tremendous economic significance. We demonstrate the feasibility of using the concentration polarization method to obtain the pore accessibility distribution at single particle level for the first time. By using this technique we could measure the pore blockage caused by Fe in fluid catalytic cracking particles as evidenced by correlating it to the activity. We expect this new single particle technique to increase our understanding of the deactivation processes occurring in porous catalysts. © 17CBMS-0001.

    document

  192. Introduction to RF Energy Harvesting, in: WEARABLE SENSORS: Fundamentals, Implementation and Applications, Second Edition
    Gustavo C. Martins; Andre L. Mansano; Mark Stoopman; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    Edward Sazonov (Ed.);
    Academic Press (Elsevier), Chapter 11, , pp. 311-336, Nov. 20 2020. ISBN : 978-0-12-819246-7.
    document

  193. Artificial Retina: A Future Cellular-Resolution Brain-Machine Interface
    D. Muratore; E. J. Chichilnisky;
    Springer International Publishing, , pp. 443–465, 2020.

  194. Wafer-scale Graphene-based Soft Implant with Optogenetic Compatibility
    A.I. Velea; S. Vollebregt; G.K. Wardhana; V. Giagka;
    In Proc. IEEE Microelectromech. Syst. (MEMS) 2020,
    Vancouver, Canada, IEEE, Jan. 2020.
    document

  195. Circuit Design Considerations for Power-Efficient and Safe Implantable Electrical Neurostimulators
    Rui Guan; Pedro G. Zufiria; Vasiliki Giagka; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In proc. IEEE Latin American Symposium on Circuits and Systems (LASCAS 2020),
    San Jose, Costa Rica, IEEE, IEEE, February 25-28 2020.
    document

  196. Long-term encapsulation of platinum metallization using a HfO2 ALD - PDMS bilayer for non-hermetic active implants
    K. Nanbakhsh; R. Ritasalo; W.A. Serdijn; V. Giagka;
    In Proc. IEEE Electron. Comp. Tech. Conf. (ECTC) 2020,
    Orlando, FL, USA, IEEE, May 2020.
    document

  197. PDMS to Parylene Adhesion Improvement for Encapsulating an Implantable Device
    Nasim Bakhshaee; R. Dekker; W.A. Serdijn; V. Giagka;
    In Proc. 42nd Int. Conf. of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology (EMBC) 2020,
    Montreal, Canada, July 2020.
    document

  198. Engineering long-lasting and spatially selective active neural interfaces for bioelectronic medicine (invited presentation)
    Vasiliki Giagka;
    In 17th International Conference on Nanosciences & Nanotechnologies (NN20) 2020,
    Thessaloniki, Greece, July 2020.
    document

  199. Soft, flexible and transparent graphene-based active spinal cord implants for optogenetic studies
    A. Velea; S. Vollebregt; V. Giagka;
    In proc. 13th International Symposium on Flexible Organic Electronics (ISFOE20) 2020,
    Thessaloniki, Greece, July 2020.
    document

  200. Towards CMOS Bulk Sensing for In Situ Evaluation of ALD Coatings for Millimeter Sized Implants
    K. Nanbakhsh; R. Ritasalo; W.A. Serdijn; V. Giagka;
    In Proc. 42nd Int. Conf. of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology (EMBC) 2020,
    Montreal, Canada, July 2020.
    document

  201. A Wireless Power Transfer System for Biomedical Implants based on an isolated Class-E DC-DC Converter with Power Regulation Capability
    Andrea Celentano; Fabio Pareschi; Virgilio Valente; Riccardo Rovatti; Wouter A. Serdijn; Gianluca Setti;
    In proc. 2020 IEEE 63rd International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS),
    Springfield, MA, USA, 9-12 Aug. 2020 2020. DOI: 10.1109/MWSCAS48704.2020.9184689
    document

  202. If the Medicine of the future is Bioelectronic, how does the pill of the future look like? – and what does it take to make it? (invited presentation)
    Vasiliki Giagka;
    In NanoVision 2020 “Sense of materials” Virtual Symposium,
    12-13 Nov. 2020.
    document

  203. Implications of Finite Clock Transition Time for LPTV Circuit Analysis
    S. Weinreich; D. Muratore; Y. Chae; T. McKay; B. Murmann;
    In IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    2020. DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS45731.2020.9180691
    document

  204. Sensory Particles with Optical Telemetry
    K. Ganesan; T.A. Flores; B.Q. Le; D.G. Muratore; N. Patel; S. Mitra; B. Murmann; D. Palanker;
    In IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    2020. DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS45731.2020.9180905
    document

  205. Development of a microfluidic collection system to measure electrolyte variations in sweat during exercise
    Paddy French (Ed.);
    Montreal, Canada: IEEE, EMBC, , July 2020. DOI: DOI: 10.1109/EMBC44109.2020.9176123
    Keywords: ... sweat measurement, microfluidics.

    Abstract: ... A wide variety of electrochemical sweat sensors are recently being developed for real-time monitoring of biomarkers. However, from a physiological perspective, little is known about how sweat biomarkers change over time. This paper presents a method to collect and analyze sweat to identify inter and intraindividual variations of electrolytes during exercise. A new microfluidic sweat collection system is developed which consists of a patch covering the collection surface and a sequence of reservoirs. Na+, Cl- and K+ are measured with ion chromatography afterwards. The measurements show that with the new collector, variations in these ion concentrations can be measured reliably over time.

  206. Enhanced sensitivity of planar evanescent waveguide sensors: material and sensitivity study
    Paddy French (Ed.);
    SPIE, SPIE Photonics Europe, , April 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2555354
    Keywords: ... Evanescent waveguide sensing, Sensitivity, Waveguide materials.

    Abstract: ... This paper studies two different approaches for evanescent wave optical sensing: an horizontal one and a vertical one. In horizontal waveguides, the evanescent wave is distributed on the upper cladding. While in a vertical configuration, the evanescent wave is distributed on the left and right sides of the waveguide. In an horizontal configuration the evanescent wave can be also on both sides of the waveguide in order to increase the optical energy for sensing if the substrate under the waveguide is locally removed. However, in this configuration to achieve sensitive devices, the layers have to be freestanding and thin limiting practical implementations of such approaches. Furthermore, very few materials can be defined as tall and thin in the case of a vertical configuration, as the deposition techniques often used (PECVD/LPCVD) are meant for films in the couple of micron range. In the following we will investigate the properties of the materials used but also the fabrication feasibility for both configurations.

    document

  207. Development of Sensor Tights with Integrated Inertial Measurement Units for Injury Prevention in Football, Design4Health
    Paddy French (Ed.);
    Design4Health, , July 2020.
    Keywords: ... wearable sensors; injury prevention; smart clothing.

    Abstract: ... In elite European football, 6 to 7 hamstring muscle injuries occur per team per season, which results in an absence of 14 to 180 days (Ekstrand et al. 2017). These injuries occur typically in the last part of a training or match. This implies that the accumulation of demanding actions is an important factor for hamstring injury risk. In current practice, physical player load is measured at the field by deriving the global location of the player with GPS and RFID systems. However, these systems are not able to monitor leg movement and to distinguish demanding actions like kicking, cutting and jumping.In order to monitor these actions in the field, a novel design is being developed. The design consists of five sensor nodes with IMUs (Inertial measurement units), integrated in sports tights. IMUs can measure linear accelerations, angular velocities and magnetic fields in three directions. From these measurements, 3D kinematics of the lower limbs can be derived. An iterative design approach is used to develop the tights. Four prototypes will be developed. Each prototype is tested in a football specific setting, to identify areas of improvement from a technical point of view as well as from a user’s perspective. The final aim of this research is to develop sensor tights that can be worn unobtrusively by football players in the field. Real-time data are retrieved by the coach. This allows the coach to intervene when there is a high injury risk.

    ISBN: 978-1-8381117-0-0

  208. Enhancing silicon's functionality with additional sensing/actuating layers
    PJ French (Ed.);
    IEEE, IEEE CAS 2020, , October 2020. DOI: DOI: 10.1109/CAS50358.2020.9268034
    Keywords: ... Silicon, Temperature measurement, Graphene, Sensors, Semiconductor device measurement, Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, Magnetoresistance.

    Abstract: ... This Silicon has long been known as an excellent material for electronic circuits and also for sensing and actuating. Effects such as the piezoresistive and Hall effects have long been used for sensing. However, there are a number of effects not found in silicon, such as piezoelectric and magnetoresistive. If these can be combined with electronic circuits the benefits of both sides can be combined. Many chemical sensors require additional layers as traps for ions or to react with the compound of interest. This paper will show how additional materials can enhance the silicon operation, but also discuss process compatibility issues.

  209. Implications of Finite Clock Transition Time for LPTV Circuit Analysis
    IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), , 2020. DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS45731.2020.9180691
    document

  210. PDMS-Parylene Adhesion Improvement via Ceramic Interlayers to Strengthen the Encapsulation of Active Neural Implants
    , July 2020. DOI: 10.1109/EMBC44109.2020.9175646
    document

  211. Comments on “Compact, Energy-Efficient High-Frequency Switched Capacitor Neural Stimulator With Active Charge Balancing"
    Alessandro Urso; Vasiliki Giagka; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems,
    2019. DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2019.2898555
    document

  212. Single-Mode Tapered Vertical SU-8 Waveguide Fabricated by E-Beam Lithography for Analyte Sensing
    Y. Xin; G. Pandraud; Y. Zhang; P. French;
    Sensors,
    Volume 19, pp. 12, 2019. DOI: 10.3390/s19153383
    Keywords: ... E-beam lithography, evanescent sensing, single-mode, SU-8 photoresist, taper, vertical waveguide.

    Abstract: ... In this paper, we propose a novel vertical SU-8 waveguide for evanescent analyte sensing. The waveguide is designed to possess a vertical and narrow structure to generate evanescent waves on both sides of the waveguide's surface, aimed at increasing the sensitivity by enlarging the sensing areas. We performed simulations to monitor the influence of different parameters on the waveguide's performance, including its height and width. E-beam lithography was used to fabricate the structure, as this one-step direct writing process enables easy, fast, and high-resolution fabrication. Furthermore, it reduces the sidewall roughness and decreases the induced scattering loss, which is a major source of waveguide loss. Couplers were added to improve the coupling efficiency and alignment tolerance, and will contribute to the feasibility of a plug-and-play optical system. Optical measurements show that the transmission loss is 1.03 ± 0.19 dB/cm. The absorption sensitivity was measured to be 4.8 dB per refractive index unit (dB/RIU) for saline solutions with various concentrations.

  213. An Ultra High-Frequency 8-Channel Neurostimulator Circuit with 68% Peak Power Efficiency
    Alessandro Urso; Vasiliki Giagka; Marijn Van Dongen; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems,
    2019. DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2019.2920294
    document

  214. Short-Range Quality-Factor Modulation (SQuirM) for Low Power High Speed Inductive Data Transfer
    M. Schormans; D. Jiang; V. Valente; A. Demosthenous;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers,
    Volume 66, Issue 9, pp. 3254-3265, Sept. 2019. DOI: 10.1109/TCSI.2019.2922124
    document

  215. An energy efficient time-mode digit classification neural network implementation
    Omer Can Akgun; J. Mei;
    Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A - Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences,
    23 December 2019. DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2019.0163
    Abstract: ... This paper presents the design of an ultra-low energy neural network that uses time-mode signal processing). Handwritten digit classification using a single-layer artificial neural network (ANN) with a Softmin-based activation function is described as an implementation example. To realize time-mode operation, the presented design makes use of monostable multivibrator-based multiplying analogue-to-time converters, fixed-width pulse generators and basic digital gates. The time-mode digit classification ANN was designed in a standard CMOS 0.18 μm IC process and operates from a supply voltage of 0.6 V. The system operates on the MNIST database of handwritten digits with quantized neuron weights and has a classification accuracy of 88%, which is typical for single-layer ANNs, while dissipating 65.74 pJ per classification with a speed of 2.37 k classifications per second. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Harmonizing energy-autonomous computing and intelligence’.

    document

  216. 1.2V Energy-Efficient Wireless CMOS Potentiostat for Amperometric Measurements
    V. Valente; N. Neshatvar; E. Pilavaki; M. Schormans; A. Demosthenous;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs,
    2019. DOI: 10.1109/TCSII.2019.2944258
    document

  217. Vertical SiC taper with a small angle fabricated by slope transfer method
    Y Xin; G Pandraud; P.J. French;
    Electronics Letters,
    Volume 55, pp. 661-663, 2019. DOI: 10.1049/el.2019.0232
    Abstract: ... In this Letter, a slope transfer method to fabricate vertical waveguide couplers is proposed. This method utilises wet etched Si as a mask, and takes advantage of dry etching selectivity between Si and SiC, to successfully transfer the profile from the Si master into SiC. By adopting this method, a <2° slope is achieved. Such a taper can bring the coupling efficiency in SiC waveguides to 80% (around 1 dB loss) or better from around 10% (10 dB loss) without taper. It further increases the alignment tolerance at the same time, which ensures the successful development of a plug-and-play solution for optical sensing. This is the first reported taper made in SiC.

  218. HEART RATE EXTRACTION IN A HEADPHONE USING INFRARED THERMOMETRY
    G. de Graaf; D. Kuratomi Cruz; J. Haartsen; F. Hooijschuur; P. French;
    IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems.,
    Volume 13, Issue 5, pp. 1052-1062, 10 2019. DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2019.2930312
    Keywords: ... IR Sensor, heart rate, ear piece.

    Abstract: ... The heart rate is a vital indicator of the health state of an individual. By continuously monitoring it, the fitness and health of the cardiovascular system of a user can be analyzed and impending problematic health episodes could be addressed better. Existing techniques to measure heart rate, such as electrocardiogram or photoplethysmography, are either uncomfortable for the user, or are not low-power or sensitive to motion artifacts. Infrared thermography is a non-contact technique with improved user comfort and low power consumption. In this paper, we have analyzed, built, and tested a novel system that uses infrared differential thermometry to detect the heart rate in the auricle. The sensor system was fitted into a commercial headphone since this paper is a first step into integration of the system in a Bluetooth headset. To the best of our knowledge, there has been no previous work on the detection of the heart rate signal in the ear using infrared thermometry. Positive results have been obtained after extraction of the frequency features of the bioheat transfer signal on test persons in rest.

  219. A Data-Compressive Wired-OR Readout for Massively Parallel Neural Recording
    Dante Muratore; P. Tandon; M. Wootters; E.J. Chichilnisky; S. Mitra; B. Murmann;
    IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems,
    pp. 1128 - 1140, August 2019. DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2019.2935468
    document

  220. Low-Noise Integrated Potentiostat for Affinity-Free Protein Detection With 12 nV/rt-Hz at 30 Hz and 1.8 pArms Resolution
    S. Fischer; D. Muratore; S. Weinreich; A. Peña-Perez; R.M. Walker; C. Gupta; R.T. Howe; B. Murmann;
    IEEE Solid-State Circuits Letters,
    Volume 2, Issue 6, pp. 41-44, June 2019. DOI: 10.1109/LSSC.2019.2926644
    document

  221. A planar supercapacitor made of supramolecular nanofibre based solid electrolyte exhibiting 8 V window
    S. Kundu; U. Mogera; S. J. George; G. U. Kulkarni;
    Nano Energy,
    Volume 61, pp. 259-266, 2019.
    document

  222. A Role for Macrophages in Hematopoiesis in the Embryonic Head
    Zhuan Li; Samanta Mariani; Carmen Rodriguez-Seoane; Wenyan He; Xiaowei Ning; Bing Liu; Chris S. Vink; Elaine Dzierzak;
    Blood,
    October 2019. DOI: 10.1182/blood.2018881243
    document

  223. Pro-inflammatory Aorta-Associated Macrophages Are Involved in Embryonic Development of Hematopoietic Stem Cells
    Samanta A. Mariani; Zhuan Li; Siobhan Rice; Carsten Krieg; Stamatina Fragkogianni; Mark Robinson; Chris S. Vink; Jeffrey W. Pollard; Elaine Dzierzak;
    Immunity,
    Volume 50, Issue 6, pp. 1439--1452.e5, June 2019. DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2019.05.003
    document

  224. Macrophages Restrict the Nephrogenic Field and Promote Endothelial Connections During Kidney Development
    David AD Munro; Yishay Wineberg; Julia Tarnick; Chris S. Vink; Zhuan Li; Clare Pridans; Elaine Dzierzak; Tomer Kalisky; Peter Hohenstein; Jamie A. Davies;
    eLife,
    Volume 8, February 2019. DOI: 10.7554/elife.43271
    document

  225. Long-term observation of Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense in a microfluidic channel
    Hageman, Tijmen A. G.; Pichel, Marc P.; L{\"o}thman, Per A.; Cho, Jiung; Choi, Miri; Korkmaz, Nuriye; Manz, Andreas; Abelmann, Leon;
    Archives of Microbiology,
    Volume 201, Issue 10, pp. 1427 – 1433, 2019. All Open Access, Green Open Access, Hybrid Gold Open Access. DOI: 10.1007/s00203-019-01713-0
    Keywords: ... Bacteriological Techniques; Magnetospirillum; Microfluidics; Time Factors; article; illumination; magnetic field; Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense; nonhuman; rotation; Magnetospirillum; microbiological examination; microfluidics; physiology; procedures; time factor.

    Abstract: ... We controlled and observed individual magneto-tactic bacteria (Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense) inside a 5μm-high microfluidic channel for over 4 h. After a period of constant velocity, the duration of which varied between bacteria, all observed bacteria showed a gradual decrease in their velocity of about 25nm/s2. After coming to a full stop, different behaviour was observed, ranging from rotation around the centre of mass synchronous with the direction of the external magnetic field, to being completely immobile. Our results suggest that the influence of the high-intensity illumination and the presence of the channel walls are important parameters to consider when performing observations of such long duration. © 2019, The Author(s).

    document

  226. The magnus force on spinning microparticles
    Solsona, Miguel; Keizer, Hans; de Boer, Hans L.; Klein, Yannick P.; Olthuis, Wouter; Abelmann, Leon; van den Berg, Albert;
    conference, 2019.
    Keywords: ... Magnetic materials; Janus particles; Magnus forces; Micro-particles; Rotating magnetic fields; Shape anisotropy; Trajectory deflection; Magnetic anisotropy.

    Abstract: ... Here we report the first study of the trajectory deflection of Janus particles rotated with a rotating magnetic field inside a liquid. Also, we developed a model able to predict the deflection of these particles. We believe that the Magnus force can be used to sort cells and microparticles based on shape, size or even magnetic material shape anisotropy. © 2019 CBMS-0001.

    document

  227. AN ULTRA HIGH-FREQUENCY 8-CHANNEL NEUROSTIMULATOR CIRCUIT WITH 68% PEAK POWER EFFICIENCY
    A. Urso; M. van Dongen; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Book of Abstracts, 7th Dutch Biomedical Engineering Conf. (BME) 2019,
    Jan. 24-25 2019.
    document

  228. EMBEDDING SMALL ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS INTO TINY FLEXIBLE IMPLANTS
    Anna Pak; Wouter A. Serdijn; Vasiliki Giagka;
    In Book of Abstracts, 7th Dutch Biomedical Engineering Conf. (BME) 2019,
    Jan. 24-25 2019.
    document

  229. ENERGY EFFICIENT SAMPLING AND CONVERSION OF BIO-SIGNALS USING TIME-MODE CIRCUITS
    Omer Can Akgun; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Book of Abstracts, 7th Dutch Biomedical Engineering Conf. (BME) 2019,
    Jan. 24-25 2019.
    document

  230. LAB-ON-CHIP DEVICE FOR HIGH-THROUGHPUT MULTI-ANALYSIS SINGLE-CELL STUDIES
    Federico Bedini; Virgilio Valente;
    In Book of Abstracts, 7th Dutch Biomedical Engineering Conf. (BME) 2019,
    Jan. 24-25 2019.
    document

  231. TOWARDS AN ACTIVE GRAPHENE-PDMS IMPLANT
    Gandhika K Wardhana; Wouter A. Serdijn; Sten Vollebregt; Vasiliki Giagka;
    In Book of Abstracts, 7th Dutch Biomedical Engineering Conf. (BME) 2019,
    Jan. 24-25 2019.
    document

  232. POLYMER-ENCAPSULATED SINGLE-CHIP IMPLANTS FOR BIOELECTRONIC MEDICINE
    Kambiz Nanbakhsh; Wouter Serdijn; Vasiliki Giagka;
    In Book of Abstracts, 7th Dutch Biomedical Engineering Conf. (BME) 2019,
    Jan. 24-25 2019.
    document

  233. TOWARDS A SEMI-FLEXIBLE PARYLENE-BASED PLATFORM TECHNOLOGY FOR ACTIVE IMPLANTABLE MEDICAL DEVICES
    Nasim Bakhshaee; Marta Kluba; Ronald Dekker; Wouter Serdijn; Vasiliki Giagka;
    In Book of Abstracts, 7th Dutch Biomedical Engineering Conf. (BME) 2019,
    Jan. 24-25 2019.
    document

  234. SIGNAL SPECIFIC SAR ADC FOR MULTI-CHANNEL ATRIAL ELECTROGRAM SIGNAL ACQUISITION
    Samprajani Rout; Samaneh Babayan Mashhadi; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Book of Abstracts, 7th Dutch Biomedical Engineering Conf. (BME) 2019,
    Jan. 24-25 2019.
    document

  235. THE INFLUENCE OF SOFT ENCAPSULATION MATERIALS ON THE WIRELESS POWER TRANSFER LINKS EFFICIENCY
    Anastasios Malissovas; Wouter A. Serdijn; Vasiliki Giagka;
    In Book of Abstracts, 7th Dutch Biomedical Engineering Conf. (BME) 2019,
    Jan. 24-25 2019.
    document

  236. CO-INTEGRATION OF FLIP-TIP PATCH CLAMP AND MICROELECTRODE ARRAYS FOR IN-VITRO RECORDING OF ELECTRICAL ACVITY OF HEART CELLS
    Asli Yelkenci; Martins da Ponte, Ronaldo; Virgilio Valente;
    In Book of Abstracts, 7th Dutch Biomedical Engineering Conf. (BME) 2019,
    Jan. 24-25 2019.
    document

  237. DESIGN AND CUSTOM FABRICATION OF A SMART TEMPERATURE SENSOR FOR AN ORGAN-ON-A-CHIP PLATFORM
    Martins da Ponte, Ronaldo; Vasiliki Giagka; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Book of Abstracts, 7th Dutch Biomedical Engineering Conf. (BME) 2019,
    Jan. 24-25 2019.
    document

  238. DESIGN OF A MULTI-FUNCTIONAL SMART OPTRODE FOR ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY AND OPTOGENETICS
    Martins da Ponte, Ronaldo; Chengyu Huang; Vasiliki Giagka; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Book of Abstracts, 7th Dutch Biomedical Engineering Conf. (BME) 2019,
    Jan. 24-25 2019.
    document

  239. Pressure measurement of geometrically curved ultrasound transducer array for spatially specific stimulation of the vagus nerve
    S. Kawasaki; V. Giagka; M. de Haas; M. Louwerse; V. Henneken; C. van Heesch; R. Dekker;
    In Proc. IEEE Conf. on Neural Eng. (NER) 2019,
    San Francisco, CA, USA, March 2019.
    Abstract: ... Vagus nerve stimulators currently on the market can treat epilepsy and depression. Recent clinical trials show the potential for vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) to treat epilepsy, autoimmune disease, and traumatic brain injury. As we explore the benefits of VNS, it is expected that more possibilities for a new treatment will emerge in the future. However, existing VNS relies on electrical stimulation, whose limited selectivity (due to its poor spatial resolution) does not allow for any control over which therapeutic effect to induce. We hypothesize that by localizing the stimulation to fascicular level within the vagus nerve with focused ultrasound (US), it is possible to induce selective therapeutic effects with less side effects. A geometrically curve US transducer array that is small enough to wrap around the vagus nerve was fabricated. An experiment was conducted in water, with 48 US elements curved in a 1 mm radius and excited at 15 MHz to test the focusing capabilities of the device. The results show that the geometrical curvature focused the US to an area with a width and height of 110 μm and 550 μm. This will be equivalent to only 2.1% of the cross section of the vagus nerve, showing the potential of focused US to stimulate individual neuronal fibers within the vagus nerve selectively.

    document

  240. CO-INTEGRATION OF FLIP-TIP PATCH CLAMP AND MICROELECTRODE ARRAYS FOR IN-VITRO RECORDING OF ELECTRICAL ACVITY OF CARDIAC CELLS
    Asli Yelkenci; Ronaldo Martins da Ponte; Virgilio Valente;
    In Book of Abstracts, 2019 International Winterschool on Bioelectronics Conference (BioEl 2019),
    Kirchberg, Tirol, Austria, 16-23 March 2019.
    document

  241. Embedding Small Electronic Components into Tiny Flexible Implants
    Anna Pak; Wouter A. Serdijn; Vasiliki Giagka;
    In Book of Abstracts, 2019 International Winterschool on Bioelectronics Conference (BioEl 2019),
    Kirchberg, Tirol, Austria, 16-23 March 2019.
    document

  242. Towards a Semi-Flexible Parylene-Based Platform Technology for Active Implantable Medical Devices
    Nasim Bakhshaee; Marta Kluba; Ronald Dekker; Wouter Serdijn; Vasiliki Giagka;
    In Book of Abstracts, 2019 International Winterschool on Bioelectronics Conference (BioEl 2019),
    Kirchberg, Tirol, Austria, 16-23 March 2019.
    document

  243. Rakeness-based compressed sensing of atrial electrograms for the diagnosis of atrial fibrillation
    Samprajani Rout; Mauro Mangia; Fabio Pareschi; Gianluca Setti; Riccardo Rovatti; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In proc. 2019 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS'2019),
    Sapporo, Japan, IEEE, 26-29 May 2019. DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS.2019.8702398
    document

  244. An Energy-Efficient Multi-Sensor Compressed Sensing System Employing Time-Mode Signal Processing Techniques
    Omer Can Akgun; Mauro Mangia; Fabio Pareschi; Riccardo Rovatti; Gianluca Setti; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In proc. 2019 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS'2019),
    IEEE, 26-29 May 2019. DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS.2019.8702667
    document

  245. Resistive Matching using an AC Boost Converter for Efficient Ultrasonic Wireless Power Transfer
    Marc Bisschop; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In proc. 2019 IEEE MTT-S Wireless Power Transfer Conference (WPTC 2019),
    London, UK, IEEE, 17-21 June 2019.
    Abstract: ... This paper presents a method to increase the power conversion of ultrasonic receivers in implantable medical devices. A perfect complex conjugate match between the piezo-electric receiver and the power conversion circuit is required for maximum power transfer. A boost converter in front of the rectifier enables a close to perfect resistive match. The boost converter transforms the AC voltage into a pulse width modulated square wave voltage. This saves an extra impedance transformation between the receiver and the rectifier. From circuit simulation results, it follows that this new method has the highest efficiency compared with prior art.

    document

  246. MICROELECTRODE ARRAY (MEA) MEASUREMENTS FROM HUMAN INDUCED PLURIPOTENT STEM CELL-DERIVED NEURAL CULTURES FOR PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS
    Areti Sfakianou; Femke M.S. de Vrij; Steven A. Kushner; Virgilio Valente;
    In Book of Abstracts, 7th Dutch Biomedical Engineering Conf. (BME) 2019,
    Jan. 24-25 2019.
    document

  247. Short-Range Quality-Factor Modulation (SQuirM) for Low Power High Speed Inductive Data Transfer
    M. Schormans; D. Jiang; V. Valente; A. Demosthenous;;
    In Book of Abstracts, 2019 International Symposium on Integrated Circuits and Systems (ISICAS 2019),
    Venice, Italy, IEEE, 29-30 August 2019. DOI: 10.1109/TCSI.2019.2922124
    document

  248. A CMOS 2D Transmit Beamformer with Integrated PZT Ultrasound Transducers for Neuromodulation
    T. Costa; C. Shi; K. Tien; K.L. Shepard;
    In Proc. 2019 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (CICC'2019),
    Austin, TX, USA, IEEE, pp. 1-4, 21-24 April 2019. DOI: 10.1109/CICC.2019.8780236
    document

  249. An Ultra High-Frequency 8-Channel Neurostimulator Circuit with 68% Peak Power Efficiency
    Alessandro Urso; Vasiliki Giagka; Marijn Van Dongen; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Book of Abstracts, 2019 International Symposium on Integrated Circuits and Systems (ISICAS 2019),
    Venice, Italy, IEEE, 29-30 August 2019. DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2019.2920294
    document

  250. Monolithic Integration of an In-situ Smart Sensor in a Silicon-based Organ-on-a-chip Platform for Monitoring the Temperature of Stem Cell Culture
    R. Ponte; V. Giagka; W. Serdijn;
    In Book of Abstracts, SAFE 2019,
    Delft, the Netherlands, July 4-5 2019.
    document

  251. Towards a flexible brain implant with 10.000 independent channels
    T. B. Hosman; W. Serdijn; and V. Giagka;
    In Book of Abstracts, SAFE 2019,
    Delft, the Netherlands, July 4-5 2019.
    document

  252. Towards a semi-flexible parylene-based platform technology for active implantable medical devices
    Nasim Bakhshaee; M. Kluba; R. Dekker; W. Serdijn; V. Giagka;
    In Book of Abstracts, SAFE 2019,
    Delft, the Netherlands, July 4-5 2019.
    document

  253. Polymer-Encapsulated Single-Chip Implants for Bioelectronic Medicine
    K. Nanbakhsh; W. Serdijn; V. Giagka;
    In Book of Abstracts, SAFE 2019,
    Delft, the Netherlands, July 4-5 2019.
    document

  254. Flexible, graphene-based active implant for spinal cord stimulation in rodents
    A.I. Velea; S. Vollebregt; V. Giagka;
    In Book of Abstracts, SAFE 2019,
    Delft, the Netherlands, July 4-5 2019.
    document

  255. Time and space-domain rakeness-based compressed sensing of atrial electrograms
    S. Rout; M. Mangia; F. Pareschi; G. Setti; R. Rovatti; W. A. Serdijn;
    In Book of Abstracts, SAFE 2019,
    Delft, the Netherlands, July 4-5 2019.
    document

  256. Design and MEMS microfabrication of a multifunctional smart optrode for combined optogenetics and electrophysiology studies
    R. Ponte; C. Huang; V. Giagka; W. Serdijn;
    In Book of Abstracts, SAFE 2019,
    Delft, the Netherlands, July 4-5 2019.
    document

  257. Effect of Signals on the Encapsulation Performance of Parylene Coated Platinum Tracks for Active Medical Implants
    Kambiz Nanbakhsh; Marta Kluba; B. Pahl; F. Bourgeois; Ronald Dekker; Wouter Serdijn; V. Giagka;
    In Proc. 41st Int. Conf. of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology (EMBC) 2019,
    Berlin, Germany, IEEE, July 23-27 2019.
    document

  258. Embedding small and thin electronics into flexible implants
    A. Pak; W.A. Serdijn; V. Giagka;
    In Book of Abstracts, SAFE 2019,
    Delft, the Netherlands, July 4-5 2019.
    document

  259. Activity Dependent Multichannel ADC Architecture using Level Crossing Quantisation for Atrial Electrogram Recording
    Aurojyoti Das; Samprajani Rout; Alessandro Urso; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS 2019),
    IEEE, October 17-19 2019.
    document

  260. A Chip Integrity Monitor for Evaluating Long-term Encapsulation Performance Within Active Flexible Implants
    Omer Can Akgun; Kambiz Nanbakhsh; Vasiliki Giagka; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS 2019),
    IEEE, October 17-19 2019.
    document

  261. 11nW Signal Acquisition Platform for Remote Biosensing
    Alberto Gancedo; Omer Can Akgun; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS 2019),
    IEEE, October 17-19 2019.
    document

  262. Towards a Microfabricated Flexible Graphene-Based Active Implant for Tissue Monitoring During Optogenetic Spinal Cord Stimulation
    A.I. Velea; S. Vollebregt; V. Giagka;
    In Book of Abstracts, IEEE Nanotech. Mater. Dev. Conf. (NMDC) 2019,
    Stockholm, Sweden, IEEE, Oct. 2019.
    Abstract: ... Our aim is to develop a smart neural interface with transparent electrodes to allow for electrical monitoring of the site of interest during optogenetic stimulation of the spinal cord. In this work, we present the microfabrication process for the wafer-level development of such a compact, active, transparent and flexible implant. The transparent, passive array of electrodes and tracks have been developed using graphene, on top of which chips have been bonded using flip-chip bonding techniques. To provide high flexibility, soft encapsulation, using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) has been used. Preliminary measurements after the bonding process have shown resistance values in the range of kΩ for the combined tracks and ball-bonds.

    document

  263. Towards a Microfabricated Flexible Graphene-Based Active Implant for Tissue Monitoring During Optogenetic Spinal Cord Stimulation
    A.I. Velea; S. Vollebregt; T. Hosman; A. Pak; V. Giagka;
    In Proceedings IEEE Nanotechnology Materials and Devices Conference (NMDC) 2019,
    Stockholm, Sweden, Oct. 2019.
    Abstract: ... This work aims to develop a smart neural interface with transparent electrodes to allow for electrical monitoring of the site of interest during optogenetic stimulation of the spinal cord. In this paper, a microfabrication process for the wafer-level development of such a compact, active, transparent and flexible implant is presented. Graphene has been employed to form the transparent array of electrodes and tracks, on top of which chips have been bonded using flip-chip bonding techniques. To provide high flexibility, soft encapsulation, using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) has been used. Making use of the "Flex-to-Rigid" (F2R) technique, cm-size graphene-on-PDMS structures have been suspended and characterized using Raman spectroscopy to qualitatively evaluate the graphene layer, together with 2-point measurements to ensure the conductivity of the structure. In parallel, flip-chip bonding processes of chips on graphene structures were employed and the 2-point electrical measurement results have shown resistance values in the range of kΩ for the combined tracks and ball-bonds.

    document

  264. A Power-Efficient and Safe Neural Stimulator Using Ultra-High Frequency Current Pulses for Nerve Conduction Block
    Rui Guan; Koen Emmer; Virgilio Valente; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In proc. IEEE Asian-Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems (APCCAS 2019),
    Bangkok, Thailand, IEEE, IEEE, November 11-14 2019.
    document

  265. A Subthreshold Source-Coupled Logic based Time-Domain Comparator for SAR ADC based Cardiac Front-Ends
    Samprajani Rout; Samaneh Babayan-Mashhadi; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In proc. IEEE Asian-Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems (APCCAS 2019),
    Bangkok, Thailand, IEEE, IEEE, November 11-14 2019.
    document

  266. Sound Classification using Summary Statistics and N-Path Filtering
    D. Villamizar; D. Battaglino; D. G. Muratore; R. Hoshyar; B. Murmann;
    In IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    May 2019. DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS.2019.8702364
    document

  267. Analyzing sweat to determine state of fatigue
    Paddy French (Ed.);
    Barcelona, Spain: VDE VERLAG GMBH, Berlin, SSI Conference, , April 2019. ISBN 978-3-8007-4919-5.
    Keywords: ... Sweat, fatigue surface devices.

    Abstract: ... Sweating is a normal reaction of the body to exercise. Although much of sweat is water, there are many other components. These components can be an indication of the condition of the athlete. Increase of elements and salts in the tissue will also work their way through to the sweat. Measurement directly in tissue can be an excellent indicator, but a non-invasive approach is simpler to use and safer. Concentrations in sweat can also be an indication that the athlete is in danger of collapse. This paper looks into the components in sweat and how this change with exercise. The aim is to develop a simple, wearable system able to warn the athlete of the impending danger and prevent a potential accident.

    document

  268. IC compatible materials for sensors
    Paddy French (Ed.);
    Osaka, Japan: Scientific.net, Advanced Materials, Sciences and Engineering, , July 2019.
    Abstract: ... In cases where we can achieve integrated sensors using only layers already in the standard IC layers, the only compatibility issues may be the requirement for additional etch steps. In cases where additional layers are required, either for sensing or protection, we have to consider the compatibility of the materials. These issues can be thermal budget during processing, mechanical stress or chemical contamination. In some cases, this led to the option of hybrid, where the sensor and electronics are on separate chips, but combined in a single package. This paper will examine the development of integrated sensors, and the issues combining additional layers with a standard IC process.

  269. Towards a Semi-Flexible Parylene-Based Platform Technology for Active Implantable Medical Devices
    , Marchch 2019. International Winterschool on Bioelectronics Conference (BioEl 2019), Kirchberg, Tirol, Austria, 16-23 March 2019..

  270. Towards a Semi-flexible Parylene-based Platform Technology for Active Implantable Medical Devices
    , July 2019. SAFE 2019, Delft, the Netherlands, July 4-5 2019..

  271. Towards a semi-flexible parylene-based platform technology for active implantable medical devices
    , January 2019.
    document

  272. Practical Inductive Link Design for Biomedical Wireless Power Transfer: A Tutorial
    Schormans, Matthew; Valente, Virgilio; Demosthenous, Andreas;
    IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems,
    pp. 1--19, 2018. DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2018.2846020
    document

  273. CMOS Image Sensor for Lateral Flow Immunoassay Readers
    Pilavaki, Evdokia; Valente, Virgilio; Demosthenous, Andreas;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs,
    pp. 1--1, 2018. DOI: 10.1109/TCSII.2018.2855054
    document

  274. A Low-Power, Wireless, Capacitive Sensing Frontend Based on a Self-Oscillating Inductive Link
    Schormans, Matthew; Valente, Virgilio; Demosthenous, Andreas;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers,
    pp. 1--12, 2018. DOI: 10.1109/TCSI.2018.2835148
    document

  275. A 1.55 μW Bio-Impedance Measurement System for Implantable Cardiac Pacemakers in 0.18 μm CMOS
    Milad Zamani; Yasser Rezaeiyan; Omid Shoaei; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems,
    Volume 12, Issue 3, June 2018. DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2017.2776528
    document

  276. A 0.5 μA/channel front-end for implantable and external ambulatory ECG recorders
    Yasser Rezaeiyan; Milad Zamani; Omid Shoaei; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    Microelectronics Journal,
    Volume 74, April 2018. DOI: 10.1016/j.mejo.2018.01.016
    document

  277. Realizing flexible bioelectronic medicines for accessing the peripheral nerves – technology considerations
    Vasiliki Giagka; Wouter Serdijn;
    Bioelectronic Medicine,
    Volume 4, Issue 8, June 26 2018. DOI: 10.1186/s42234-018-0010-y
    document

  278. Mixed-Signal IC With Pulse Width Modulation Wireless Telemetry for Implantable Cardiac Pacemakers in 0.18-µm CMOS
    Yasser Rezaeiyan; Milad Zamani; Omid Shoaei; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems,
    15 May 2018. DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2018.2819021
    document

  279. High-Pass ΣΔ Converter Design Using a State-Space Approach and Its Application to Cardiac Signal Acquisition
    Samprajani Rout; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems,
    Volume 12, Issue 3, June 2018. Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2018.2817926
    document

  280. A 60 mV Input Voltage, Process Tolerant Start-Up System for Thermoelectric Energy Harvesting
    Mohammadjavad Dezyani; Hassan Ghafoorifard; Samad Sheikhaei; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers,
    2018. DOI: 10.1109/TCSI.2018.2834312
    document

  281. Coatings for sensing and protection in silicon sensors
    P.J. French;
    Advanced Materials Letters,
    Volume 9, Issue 6, pp. 392--399, May 2018. DOI: 10.5185/amlett.2018.1892
    Keywords: ... silicon sensor; coatings; harsh environments.

    Abstract: ... Silicon is an excellent material for sensing. Sensors for all signal domains can be realised, and in many cases, integrated with read-out electronics. However, in some applications an addition layer may be required for sensing and/or to protect the silicon device. Piezoelectric, polymers or magneto resistive layers can be added to expand the options of silicon. In the case of some implants, the polymer is used to protect the body from the device. In harsh chemical environments, the coating layer can be used to protect the silicon and in some cases also function as the sensor. Layers such as SiC represent a chemically resilient layer to protect the layers below, but this layer can also be used as a sensing layer. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) provides thin uniform, and pinhole free layers which can be used as protection and sensing. Other materials include graphene. In cases such as extreme temperature, it is more difficult to protect the silicon device, and in these cases the electronics must be isolated from the heat. This paper will show examples of how coating layers can enhance the sensing capabilities of silicon devices and also provide protection.

  282. Magnetic response of Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense observed inside a microfluidic channel
    Pichel, M. P.; Hageman, T. A. G.; Khalil, I. S. M.; Manz, A.; Abelmann, L.;
    Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials,
    Volume 460, pp. 340 – 353, 2018. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmmm.2018.04.004
    Keywords: ... Bacteria; Control engineering; Drag; Fluidic devices; Microfluidics; Torque; Trajectories; Accurate measurement; Drag torque; Magnetic response; Magnetic torques; Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense; Magnetotactic Bacteria; Microfluidic channel; Rotating magnetic fields; Magnetism.

    Abstract: ... In this study we modelled and measured the U-turn trajectories of individual magnetotactic bacteria under the application of rotating magnetic fields, ranging in amplitude from 1 to 12 mT. The model is based on the balance between rotational drag and magnetic torque. For accurate verification of this model, bacteria were observed inside 5 μm tall microfluidic channels, so that they remained in focus during the entire trajectory. From the analysis of hundreds of trajectories and accurate measurements of bacteria and magnetosome chain dimensions, we confirmed that the model is correct within measurement error. The resulting average rate of rotation of Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense is 0.74 ± 0.03 rad/mTs. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.

    document

  283. Magnetophoretic Sorting of Single Catalyst Particles
    Solsona, Miguel; Nieuwelink, Anne-Eva; Meirer, Florian; Abelmann, Leon; Odijk, Mathieu; Olthuis, Wouter; Weckhuysen, Bert M.; van den Berg, Albert;
    Angewandte Chemie - International Edition,
    Volume 57, Issue 33, pp. 10589 – 10594, 2018. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1002/anie.201804942
    Keywords: ... Catalysis; Catalysts; Fluid catalytic cracking; Iron; Magnetic moments; Magnetic properties; Microfluidics; Screening; Catalyst particles; Deactivation process; Fluid catalytic cracking(FCC); High throughput; Magnetophoresis; Particle heterogeneity; Particle sorting; Solid catalysts; Catalytic cracking.

    Abstract: ... A better understanding of the deactivation processes taking place within solid catalysts is vital to design better ones. However, since inter-particle heterogeneities are more a rule than an exception, particle sorting is crucial to analyse single catalyst particles in detail. Microfluidics offers new possibilities to sort catalysts at the single particle level. Herein, we report a first-of-its-kind 3D printed magnetophoretic chip able to sort catalyst particles by their magnetic moment. Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) particles were separated based on their Fe content. Magnetophoretic sorting shows that large Fe aggregates exist within 20 % of the FCC particles with the highest Fe content. The availability of Brønsted acid sites decreases with increasing Fe content. This work paves the way towards a high-throughput catalyst diagnostics platform to determine why specific catalyst particles perform better than others. © 2018 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim

    document

  284. Kinetics of orbitally shaken particles constrained to two dimensions
    Ipparthi, Dhananjay; Hageman, Tijmen A. G.; Cambier, Nicolas; Sitti, Metin; Dorigo, Marco; Abelmann, Leon; Mastrangeli, Massimo;
    Physical Review E,
    Volume 98, Issue 4, 2018. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevE.98.042137
    Keywords: ... Kinetic energy; Molecular dynamics; Self assembly; Diffusive motions; Experimental system; Macroscopic particles; Random walk modeling; Translational velocity; Two dimensional spaces; Two-dimension; Kinetics.

    Abstract: ... We present an experimental study of the kinetics of orbitally-shaken, sliding macroscopic particles confined to a two-dimensional space bounded by walls. Discounting the forcing action of the external periodic actuation, the particles undergo a qualitative transition from a ballistic to a diffusive motion regime with time. Despite the deterministic input of kinetic energy provided by the shaker, the particles show translational velocities and diffusivity consistent with a confined random walk model. Such experimental system may therefore represent a suitable macroscopic analog to investigate aspects of molecular dynamics and self-assembly. © 2018 American Physical Society.

    document

  285. Macroscopic equivalence for microscopic motion in a turbulence driven three-dimensional self-assembly reactor
    Hageman, T. A. G.; L{\"o}thman, P. A.; Dirnberger, M.; Elwenspoek, M. C.; Manz, A.; Abelmann, L.;
    Journal of Applied Physics,
    Volume 123, Issue 2, 2018. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1063/1.5007029
    Keywords: ... Boltzmann equation; Brownian movement; Flow of water; Spheres; Characteristic time; Macroscopic self-assembly; Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution; Physical simulator; Random walk modeling; Self assembly process; Trajectory analysis; Turbulent water flow; Self assembly.

    Abstract: ... We built and characterised a macroscopic self-assembly reactor that agitates magnetic, centimeter-sized particles with a turbulent water flow. By scaling up the self-assembly processes to the centimeter-scale, the characteristic time constants also drastically increase. This makes the system a physical simulator of microscopic self-assembly, where the interaction of inserted particles is easily observable. Trajectory analysis of single particles reveals their velocity to be a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution and it shows that their average squared displacement over time can be modelled by a confined random walk model, demonstrating a high level of similarity to the Brownian motion. The interaction of two particles has been modelled and verified experimentally by observing the distance between two particles over time. The disturbing energy (analogue to temperature) that was obtained experimentally increases with sphere size and differs by an order of magnitude between single-sphere and two-sphere systems (approximately 80 μJ versus 6.5 μJ, respectively). © 2018 Author(s).

    document

  286. Direct observation of electrospraying droplets from self-enclosed glass nanonozzle emitters integrated on silicon
    Duan, Lian; Huang, Xiaomin; Djuemo, Irving; Abelmann, Leon; Manz, Andreas; Yobas, Levent;
    conference, 2018.
    Keywords: ... Aerosols; Drop formation; Glass; Mass spectrometry; Silicon; Direct observations; Electrospray ionization (ESI); Electrospraying; Emitter; Low resolution; Micro-fabrication techniques; Nanonozzle; Separation chip; Electrospray ionization.

    Abstract: ... We demonstrate here self-enclosed integrated glass nanonozzle emitters on silicon for electrospray ionization and present a technique for direct experimental observation of electrospraying small droplets from such emitters. The emitters feature a 500-nm-radius cylindrical lumen batch-fabricated using a low-resolution photolithography and standard microfabrication techniques. Thus, it is amenable to integration with an upstream separation chip. Copyright© (2018) by Chemical and Biological Microsystems Society.All rights reserved.

    document

  287. An Investigation of the Sensing Capabilities of Magnetotactic Bacteria
    El-Din, Nermeen S.; Klingner, Anke; Ewis, Mohamed; Yousry, Noura; Ahmed, Ola; Gomaa, Iman; Hageman, Tijmen; Pichel, Marc; Mitwally, Mohamed E.; Abelmann, Leon; Khalil, Islam S. M.;
    conference, 2018. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/EMBC.2018.8512676
    Keywords: ... Humans; Magnetospirillum; MCF-7 Cells; Models, Biological; Movement; Oxygen; oxygen; biological model; human; Magnetospirillum; MCF-7 cell line; metabolism; movement (physiology); physiology.

    Abstract: ... We investigate the sensing capabilities of magnetotactic bacteria (Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense strain MSR1) to MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Cancer cells are allowed to grow inside a capillary tube with depth of 200 μ m and motion of magnetotactic bacteria is investigated under the influence of oxygen gradient and geomagnetic field. The influence of cancer cells is modeled to predict the oxygen gradient within the capillary tube in three-dimensional space. Our experimental motion analysis and count of motile magnetotactic bacteria indicate that they migrate towards less-oxygenated regions within the vicinity of cancer cells. Bands of magnetotactic bacteria with average concentration of 18.8±2.0% are observed in close proximity to MCF-7 cells (h = 20~ μ m), whereas the concentration at proximity of 190~ μ m is 5.0 ± 6.8%. © 2018 IEEE.

    document

  288. Intermittent Excitation of High-Q Resonators for Low-Power High-Speed Clock Generation
    Schormans, Matthew; Valente, Virgilio; Demosthenous, Andreas;
    In 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    IEEE, pp. 1--4, May 2018. DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS.2018.8351597
    document

  289. An Energy-Efficient 1.2V 4-Channel Wireless CMOS Potentiostat for Amperometric Biosensors
    Valente, Virgilio; Schormans, Matthew; Demosthenous, Andreas;
    In 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    IEEE, pp. 1--4, May 2018. DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS.2018.8351541
    document

  290. An RF Energy Harvester with MPPT Operating Across a Wide Range of Available Input Power
    Gustavo C. Martins; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    Florence, Italy, May, 27-30 2018.
    document

  291. A Switched Capacitor DC-DC Buck Converter for a Wide Input Voltage Range
    Alessandro Urso; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    Florence, Italy, May, 27-30 2018.
    document

  292. Stochastic Resonance Mixed-Signal Processing: Analog-to-Digital Conversion and Signal Processing Employing Noise
    Insani Abdi Bangsa; Dieuwert P. N. Mul; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    Florence, Italy, May, 27-30 2018.
    document

  293. An Asynchronous Pipelined Time-to-Digital Converter Using Time-Domain Subtraction
    Omer Can Akgun;
    In proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    Florence, Italy, May, 27-30 2018.
    document

  294. A 0.6V 3.8μW ECG/bio-impedance monitoring IC for disposable health patch in 40nm CMOS
    Jiawei Xu; Qiuyang Lin; Ming Ding; Yao Li; Chris Van Hoof; Wouter Serdijn; Nick Van Helleputte;
    In proc. 2018 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (CICC),
    San Diego, CA, USA, April 8-11 2018.
    document

  295. An Energy-Efficient, Inexpensive, Spinal Cord Stimulator with Adaptive Voltage Compliance for Freely Moving Rats
    Olafsdottir, Gudrun Erla; Serdijn, Wouter A.; Giagka, Vasiliki;
    In Proc. 40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society,
    Honolulu, HI, USA, IEEE, July 17-21 2018.
    document

  296. An Ultrasonically Powered and Controlled Ultra-High-Frequency Biphasic Electrical Neurostimulator
    Lucia Tacchetti; Wouter A. Serdijn; Vasiliki Giagka;
    In proc. IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS 2018),
    IEEE, Oct. 17-19 2018.
    document

  297. Design and Custom Fabrication of a Smart Temperature Sensor for an Organ-on-a-chip Platform
    Martins da Ponte, Ronaldo; Vasiliki Giagka; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In proc. IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS 2018),
    IEEE, Oct. 17-19 2018.
    document

  298. MEMS-Electronics Integration: A Smart Temperature Sensor for an Organ-on-a-chip Platform
    Martins da Ponte, Ronaldo; Vasiliki Giagka; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. ProRISC,
    Enschede, the Netherlands, June 7-8 2018.
    document

  299. A Switched Capacitor DC-DC Buck Converter for a Wide Input Voltage Range
    Alessandro Urso; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. ProRISC,
    Enschede, the Netherlands, June 7-8 2018.
    document

  300. High-Pass ΣΔ Converter Design Using a State-Space Approach and Its Application toCardiac Signal Acquisition
    Sampi Rout; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. ProRISC,
    Enschede, the Netherlands, June 7-8 2018.
    document

  301. Circuit and systems for polymeric implants: designing towards increased device lifetimes
    K. Nanbakhsh; V. Giagka; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. ProRISC,
    Enschede, the Netherlands, June 7-8 2018.
    document

  302. Monolithic Integration of Micron-scale Piezoelectric Materials with CMOS for Biomedical Applications
    C. Shi; T. Costa; J. Elloian; K.L. Shepard;
    In Proc. 2018 IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting (IEDM'2018),
    San Francisco, CA, USA, IEEE, pp. 4.5.1-4.5.4, Dec. 1-5 2018. DOI: 10.1109/IEDM.2018.8614632
    document

  303. IQ offset and gain mismatch compensation for phase-domain ADC
    Kaichouhi, Ali;
    MSc thesis, Delft University of Technology, April 2018.
    document

  304. Microsystems for implants
    Paddy French (Ed.);
    World Sensor Forum, China, , 2018.

  305. Micro-optics for microfluidics in biomedical applications
    Paddy French (Ed.);
    Toyama, Japan: PIERS, , 2018.

  306. Development of Smart Silicon Sensors
    Xuming Zhang (Ed.);
    Hong Kong: APCOT, , June 2018.
    Keywords: ... Smart sensors, integration.

    Abstract: ... The idea of smart sensors in Delft began with Simon Middelhoek in the 1970s. At the time this was seen as a pipe dream. Although there are many examples where smart-integrated sensors is not the best option, there are many cases where it is. Many aspects have to be considered before the decision is made whether to integrate or not. This presentation takes a look at those early days of sensors and the move to integration. This will continue with the development of new technologies and new IC processes. In some cases, the new IC processes present new challenges in terms of integrating sensors with electronics. The decision of integration or not will be discussed in terms of practicality, costs and the application. From this we will see examples of successful integrated devices, but also examples where the decision was made not to integrate.

  307. Biomedical Microsystems
    IEEE NEMS, , 2018.

  308. Surface functionalisation of SU8 vertical waveguide for biomedical sensing: bacterial diagnostic
    Paddy French (Ed.);
    Graz, Austria: Eurosensors, , September 2018.
    Keywords: ... SU-8; vertical waveguide; biomedical sensing; surface functionalization.

    Abstract: ... In this paper, we present an SU-8 based evanescent waveguide with a vertical structure as a biomedical sensor. The waveguide is designed vertically to generate evanescent waves on both left and right surfaces for sensing. It is fabricated by E-beam lithography with only one-step process which has the advantage of a better surface quality compared with commonly used dry etching methods. Furthermore, fabrication time and cost is cut down greatly. The surface of the designed waveguide can be functionalized with antibodies to immobilize specific bacteria on it. After surface functionalization and incubation with E. coli solutions of different concentrations, the waveguides absorption was measured. The results demonstrate that the waveguide is sensitive to E. coli concentration changes. In addition, tapers were designed and added to the waveguide to relieve the alignment tolerance for the aim of making a plug-and-play bedside diagnostic system.

    document

  309. An RF-Powered DLL-Based 2.4-GHz Transmitter for Autonomous Wireless Sensor Nodes
    Mark Stoopman; Kathleen Philips; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques,
    2017. Date of Publication: 02 February 2017, DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2017.2651817.
    document

  310. A Charge-Redistribution Phase-Domain ADC Using an IQ-Assisted Binary-Search Algorithm
    Leila Rajabi; Mehdi Saberi; Yao Liu; Reza Lotfi; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers,
    28 March 2017. DOI: 10.1109/TCSI.2017.2681461.
    document

  311. Analysis and Design of a Passive Receiver Front-End using an Inductive Antenna Impedance
    Yao Liu; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems-I: Regular Papers,
    14 August 2017. DOI: 10.1109/TCSI.2017.2734851
    document

  312. A Power-Efficient Signal-Specific ADC for Sensor-Interface Applications
    Rahiminejad, E.; Saberi, M.; Lotfi, R.;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs,
    Volume 64, Issue 9, pp. 1032-1036, 2017. DOI: 10.1109/TCSII.2016.2622161

  313. A low-power capacitor switching scheme with low common-mode voltage variation for successive approximation ADC
    Rasool Ghasemi, A.; Saberi, M.; Lotfi, R.;
    Microelectronics Journal,
    Volume 61, pp. 15-20, 2017. DOI: 10.1016/j.mejo.2016.12.009

  314. A CMOS Front-End with Integrated Magnetoresistive Sensors for Biomolecular Recognition Detection Applications
    Costa, T.; Cardoso, F.A.; Germano, J.; Freitas, P.P.; Piedade, M.S.;
    IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems,
    Volume 11, Issue 5, pp. 988-1000, 2017. DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2017.2743685

  315. High-Resolution Time-Interleaved Eight-Channel ADC for Li-Ion Battery Stacks
    D.G. Muratore; E. Bonizzoni; S. Verri; F. Maloberti;
    IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Express Briefs,
    pp. 620-624, June 2017. DOI: 10.1109/TCSII.2016.2597358
    document

  316. In Vivo Single Cell Analysis Reveals Gata2 Dynamics in Cells Transitioning to Hematopoietic Fate
    Christina Eich; Jochen Arlt; Chris S. Vink; Parham Solaimani Kartalaei; Polynikis Kaimakis; Samanta A. Mariani; Reinier van der Linden; Wiggert A. van Cappellen; Elaine Dzierzak;
    Journal of Experimental Medicine,
    Volume 215, Issue 1, pp. 233--248, December 2017. DOI: 10.1084/jem.20170807
    document

  317. Temperature dependence of the energy barrier and switching field of sub-micron magnetic islands with perpendicular anisotropy
    Vries, Jeroen De; Bolhuis, Thijs; Abelmann, Leon;
    New Journal of Physics,
    Volume 19, Issue 9, 2017. All Open Access, Gold Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1088/1367-2630/aa8082
    Keywords: ... Anisotropy; Chemical activation; Energy barriers; Extrapolation; Magnetic materials; Magnetism; Temperature distribution; Anomalous hall effects; Magnetic elements; Magnetic reversal; Perpendicular anisotropy; Switching field distribution; Temperature dependence; Temperature dependent; Temperature-dependent measurements; Switching.

    Abstract: ... Using the highly sensitive anomalous Hall effect we have been able to measure the reversal of a single magnetic island, of diameter 220 nm, in an array consisting of more than 80 of those islands. By repeatedly traversing the hysteresis loop, we measured the thermally induced fluctuation of the switching field of the islands at the lower and higher ends of the switching field distribution. Based on a novel easy-to-use model, we determined the switching field in the absence of thermal activation, and the energy barrier in the absence of an external field from these fluctuations. By measuring the reversal of individual dots in the array as a function of temperature, we extrapolated the switching field and energy barrier down to 0 K. The extrapolated values are not identical to those obtained from the fluctation of the switching field at room temperature, because the properties of the magnetic material are temperature dependent. As a result, extrapolating from temperature dependent measurements overestimates the energy barrier by more than a factor of two. To determine fundamental parameters of the energy barrier between magnetisation states, measuring the fluctuation of the reversal field at the temperature of application is therefore to be preferred. This is of primary importance to applications in data storagea and magnetic logic. For instance in fast switching, where the switching field in the absence of thermal activation plays a major role, or in long term data stability, which is determined by the energy barrier in the absence of an external field. © 2017 IOP Publishing Ltd and Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft.

    document

  318. Magnetic Force Microscopy
    Abelmann, Leon;
    , 2017. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-803224-4.00029-7
    Keywords: ... Magnetism; Nanocantilevers; Scanning probe microscopy; Coated tips; Fourier; Magnetic stray fields; Resonating cantilevers; Tip-sample distance; Magnetic force microscopy.

    Abstract: ... Magnetic force microscopy (MFM) is a scanning probe microscopy technique which images the magnetic stray field above flat specimens. This article is intended for researchers either working with MFM instrumentation or analysing the results measured by operators. We will discuss the theory behind the technique including the different measurement modes, image formation and techniques for interpreting the images. Next the MFM instrumentation will be discussed, including system aspects, feedback loops and available MFM tips. An extensive list of literature for further reading is provided. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

    document

  319. Near-surface effects on the controlled motion of magnetotactic bacteria
    Khalil, Islam S. M.; Tabak, Ahmet Fatih; Hageman, Tijmen; Ewis, Mohamed; Pichel, Marc; Mitwally, Mohamed E.; El-Din, Nermeen Serag; Abelmann, Leon; Sitti, Metin;
    conference, 2017. DOI: 10.1109/ICRA.2017.7989705
    Keywords: ... Robotics; Targeted drug delivery; Background flow; Controlled motions; Hydrodynamic model; Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense; Magnetotactic Bacteria; Microfluidic chip; Resistive force theory; Surface interactions; Bacteria.

    Abstract: ... Magnetotactic bacteria have the potential to controllably reach stagnant fluids inside the human body and achieve targeted drug delivery. In this application, motion of the magnetotactic bacteria is influenced by the near-surface effects such as the background flows and surface interactions. Here, we provide a hydrodynamic model of bipolarly-flagellated magnetotactic bacteria (Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense strain MSR-1) based on the resistive-force theory to resemble the helical body and the two flagella bundles, and investigate their swimming characteristics in two environments, i.e., free-space and near flat walls. The free-space is studied using capillary tubes with depth of 200 ßm, whereas the effect of the flat walls is investigated using microfluidic chips with depth of 5 μm. We find that the linear speeds of bacteria near- and far-surface are 36±16.4 μm/s (mean±s.d.) and 46±6.8 μm/s, respectively, whereas their respective angular velocities are 12.5±5.7 rad/s and 13.5±5.0 rad/s. © 2017 IEEE.

    document

  320. Hybrid Energy Harvester (HEHs)-A Review
    Güre Nazenin; Kar Abdulkerim; Tacgin Erturul; Sisman Alper; Tabatabaei Muhdavi;
    Nicu bizon at al. (Ed.);
    Springer International Publishing AG, Chapter 2, , 2017. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-49875-1_2
    document

  321. Energy Harvesting and Energy Efficiency: Technology, Methods and Applications
    Güre Nazenin; Kar Abdulkerim; Tacgin Erturul; Alper Sisman; Tabatabaei Muhdavi;
    Nicu bizon at al. (Ed.);
    Springer International Publishing AG, Chapter Hybrid Energy H, , 2017. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-49875-1_2
    document

  322. Single-pulse harmonic modulation for short range biomedical inductive data transfer
    Schormans, Matthew; Valente, Virgilio; Demosthenous, Andreas;
    In 2017 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS),
    IEEE, pp. 1--4, October 2017. DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2017.8325083
    document

  323. A 32-by-32 CMOS microelectrode array for capacitive biosensing and impedance spectroscopy
    Valente, Virgilio; Demosthenous, Andreas;
    In 2017 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    IEEE, pp. 1--4, May 2017. DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS.2017.8050734
    document

  324. Adaptive Power Convertor for Wireless Power Transfer in Biomedical Applications
    Gustavo C. Martins; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Book of Abstracts, 6th Dutch Bio-Medical Engineering Conference, 26 and 27 January 2017, Egmond aan Zee, The Netherlands.,
    2017.
    document

  325. An Ultra High-Frequency Multi-Channel Neurostimulator Circuit with Unprecedented Power Efficiency
    Alessandro Urso; Marijn Van Dongen; Wouter Serdijn;
    In Book of Abstracts, 6th Dutch Bio-Medical Engineering Conference, 26 and 27 January 2017, Egmond aan Zee, The Netherlands,
    2017.
    document

  326. Wireless Power Transfer and Optogenetic Stimulation of Freely Moving Rodents
    Farnaz Nassirinia; Freek Hoebeek; Wouter Serdijn;
    In Book of Abstracts, 6th Dutch Bio-Medical Engineering Conference, 26 and 27 January 2017, Egmond aan Zee, The Netherlands,
    2017.
    document

  327. Structured Electronic Design of High-Pass Sigma-Delta Converters and their Application to Cardiac Signal Acquisition
    Samprajani Rout; Wouter Serdijn; Reza Lotfi;
    In Book of Abstracts, 6th Dutch Bio-Medical Engineering Conference, 26 and 27 January 2017, Egmond aan Zee, The Netherlands,
    2017.
    document

  328. High-Resolution Neural Readout for Future Closed-Loop Cochlear Implants
    Ali Kaichouhi; Wouter Serdijn; Cees Bes;
    In Book of Abstracts, 6th Dutch Bio-Medical Engineering Conference, 26 and 27 January 2017, Egmond aan Zee, The Netherlands,
    2017.
    document

  329. Towards a Family of Customisable Flexible Neural Implants
    Vasiliki Giagka; Wouter Serdijn;
    In Book of Abstracts, 6th Dutch Bio-Medical Engineering Conference, 26 and 27 January 2017, Egmond aan Zee, The Netherlands,
    2017.
    document

  330. Wireless Power Transfer and Optogenetic Stimulation of Freely Moving Rodents
    Farnaz Nassiri Nia; Wil Straver; Freek E. Hoebeek; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In proc. 8th International IEEE EMBS Conference On Neural Engineering (NER’17),
    Shanghai, China, May 25-28 2017.
    document

  331. Compact Pixel Architecture for CMOS Lateral Flow Immunoassay Readout Systems
    Evdokia Pilavaki; Virgilio Valente; Wouter Serdijn; Andreas Demosthenous;
    In proc. 13th Conference on Ph.D. Research in Microelectronics and Electronics (PRIME),
    Giardini Naxos–Taormina, Italy, June 12-15 2017. DOI: 10.1109/PRIME.2017.7974170
    document

  332. Horizontal and vertical tapered waveguides for evanescent wave sensing
    Y. Xin; X.W. Meng; G. Pandraud; L.S. Pakula; P.J. French;
    In The Conference for ICT-Research,
    Netherlands, NWO, STW and IPN, March 2017.

  333. Tapered SU8 Waveguide for Evanescent Sensing by Single–Step Fabrication
    Y. Xin; G.Pandraud; A. van Langen-Suurling; P.J. French;
    In Ravinder Dahiya, Srinvas Tadigadapa (Ed.), IEEE Sensors,
    Glasgow, UK, IEEE, IEEE Sensors Council, pp. 4, November 2017.
    Keywords: ... vertical waveguide, SU-8, Evanescent wave.

    Abstract: ... In this paper, a novel vertical waveguide made from SU8 photoresist is proposed for the first time to be used in an evanescent bio-medical optical sensor. The vertical structure increases the sensing area and can be fabricated in a one-step lithography step enabling easy and high-resolution fabrication and making this waveguide attractive in optical sensing. Tapers were added to the system improving the alignment tolerance and enabling the manufacturing of plug-and-play optical system.

    ISBN: 978-1-5090-1012-7

  334. Design and fabrication of two types of tapered waveguides for evanescent sensing
    Y. Xin; Y.M. Zhang; G. Pandraud; P.J. French;
    In International Smart System Integration,
    Cork, Ireland, mesago, March 2017.

  335. A Novel Free-standing Evanescent Waveguide for Sensing
    X.W. Meng; Y. Xin; P. J. French;
    In The COMSOL Conference,
    Rotterdam, NL, COMSOL, October 2017.

  336. A wireless sensor for monitoring encapsulation performance in non-hermetic implants
    K. Nanbakhsh; V. Giagka; W. A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. Design of Medical Devices Conf. (DMD) 2017 Microfabrication for Medical Devices,
    Eindhoven, 14 – 15 Nov. 2017.
    document

  337. A highly-linear transconductor for G<inf>m</inf>-C tracking filters employed in digital TV tuners
    Hosnan, M.; Sobhanifar, H.; Lotfi, R.; Saberi, M.;
    In 2017 25th Iranian Conference on Electrical Engineering, ICEE 2017,
    pp. 502-505, 2017. DOI: 10.1109/IranianCEE.2017.7985089

  338. A fully-synchronous offset-insensitive level-crossing analog-To-digital converter
    Ravanshad, N.; Rezaee-Dehsorkh, H.; Lotfi, R.;
    In Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    2017. DOI: 10.1109/MWSCAS.2016.7870108

  339. Structured electronic design of high-pass Sigma-Delta converters and their application to cardiac signal acquisition
    Samprajani Rout; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In proc. IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS 2017),
    IEEE, May 28-31 2017.
    document

  340. Ultra-Low-Noise Signal-Recording Amplifier/MUX ASIC
    A. Safarpour; R. Lotfi; W. A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. Design of Medical Devices Conf. (DMD) 2017 Microfabrication for Medical Devices,
    Eindhoven, the Netherlands, 14 – 15 Nov. 2017.
    document

  341. High-Resolution Neural Readout for Future Closed-Loop Cochlear Implants
    Kaichouhi, Ali;
    In Book of Abstracts, 6th Dutch Bio-Medical Engineering Conference,
    January 2017.
    document

  342. Scouting Logic: A Novel Memristor-Based Logic Design for Resistive Computing
    Xie, Lei; Du Nguyen, HA; Yu, Jintao; Kaichouhi, Ali; Taouil, Mottaqiallah; AlFailakawi, Mohammad; Hamdioui, Said;
    In VLSI (ISVLSI), 2017 IEEE Computer Society Annual Symposium on,
    IEEE, pp. 176--181, 2017.
    document

  343. Heart rate monitoring using infrared thermometry in an earpiece
    D. Kuratomi Cruz; G. de Graaf; J.C. Haartsen; F. Hooijschuur; P.J. French;
    In Ravinder Dahiya, Srinivas Tadigadapa (Ed.), 2017 IEEE SENSORS,
    IEEE, IEEE, pp. 3, November 2017.
    Keywords: ... Heart rate; Infrared Thermometry; Wavelet Transform..

    Abstract: ... Heart rate is a key factor in cardiovascular system monitoring and sports science. Some recent commercial applications use sensors in the ear but are faced with motion artifacts which corrupts the signal. Infrared thermography is a non-contact technique and may minimize motion effects with better user comfort and lower power consumption. We propose a novel system that uses infrared differential thermometry to detect the heart rate in the auricle. The signal analysis is performed using a continuous wavelet transform which extract frequency features of the bioheat transfer waveforms. Preliminary results taken from the neck provide proof of concept and similar results from the ear are expected.

    ISBN: 978-1-5090-1012-7

  344. Towards a Flexible Implant with Distributed Electronics, Wireless Communication and Energy Transfer
    Martins da Ponte, Ronaldo; Vasiliki Giagka; Wouter Serdijn;
    In Book of Abstracts, 6th Dutch Bio-Medical Engineering Conference, 26 and 27 January 2017, Egmond aan Zee, The Netherlands,
    2017.
    document

  345. MEMS-electronics integration: a smart temperature sensor for an organ-on-a-chip platform
    Martins da Ponte, Ronaldo; V. Giagka; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. Design of Medical Devices Conf. (DMD) 2017 Microfabrication for Medical Devices,
    Eindhoven, 14 – 15 Nov 2017.
    document

  346. Monolithic device combining CMOS with magnetoresistive sensors
    Filipe A. Cardoso; Tiago L. Costa; José Germano; Moisés S. Piedade;
    Patent, US9567626B2, 2017.

  347. Energy-Efficient Low-Power Circuits for Wireless Energy and Data Transfer in IoT Sensor Nodes
    G.C. Martins; A. Urso; A. Mansano; Y. Liu; W.A. Serdijn;
    April 28 2017. Prepublication.
    document

  348. A High-Speed and Power-Efficient Voltage Level Shifter for Dual-Supply Applications
    Hosseini, S.R.; Saberi, M.; Lotfi, R.;
    IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems,
    2016.
    document

  349. An Autonomous Wireless Sensor Node With Asynchronous ECG Monitoring in 0.18 um CMOS
    Andre L. Mansano; Yongjia Li; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems,
    2016.
    document

  350. Multistage Complex-Impedance Matching Network Analysis and Optimization
    Gustavo Campos Martins; Wouter Serdijn;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs,
    2016. DOI: 10.1109/TCSII.2016.2534738.
    document

  351. A 60 GHz 5-bit digital controlled phase shifter in a digital 40-nm CMOS technology without ultra-thick metals
    Hao Gao; Kuangyuan Ying; Marion Matters-Kammerer; Pieter Harpe; Bindi Wang; Bo Liu; Wouter Serdijn; Peter Baltus;
    Electronics Letters,
    August 12 2016. DOI: 10.1049/el.2016.0949 , Print ISSN 0013-5194, Online ISSN 1350-911X Available online: 12 August 2016.
    document

  352. An Improved-Accuracy Approach for Readout of Large-Array Resistive Sensors
    Yarahmadi, R.; Safarpour, A.; Lotfi, R.;
    IEEE Sensors Journal,
    Volume 16, Issue 1, pp. 210-215, 2016.
    document

  353. Towards a wearable near infrared spectroscopic probe for monitoring concentrations of multiple chromophores in biological tissue in vivo
    Danial Chitnis; Dimitrios Airantzis; David Highton; Rhys Williams; Phong Phan; Vasiliki Giagka; Samuel Powell; Robert J Cooper; Ilias Tachtsidis; Martin Smith; Clare E Elwell; Jeremy C Hebden; Nicholas Everdell;
    Review of Scientific Instruments,
    Volume 87, Issue 6, pp. 065112, June 1 2016. Publisher: AIP Publishing.
    document

  354. Resilient chip multiprocessors with mixed-grained reconfigurability
    Sourdis, I., Khan, D.A., Malek, A., Tzilis, S., Smaragdos, G.; Strydis, C.;
    IEEE Micro,
    Volume 36, Issue 1, pp. 35-45, 2016.
    document

  355. The VINEYARD approach: Versatile, integrated, accelerator-based, heterogeneous data centres
    Kachris, C., Soudris, D., Gaydadjiev, G., Nguyen, H.-N., Nikolopoulos, D.S., Bilas, A., Morgan, N.; Strydis, C.; Tsalidis, C., Balafas, J., Jimenez-Peris, R., Almeida, A.;
    Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics),
    Volume 9625, pp. 3-13, 2016.
    document

  356. Out-of-Band Immunity to Interference of Single-Ended Baseband Amplifiers Through IM2 Cancellation
    Emil Totev; Cong Huang; Leo C. N. de Vreede; John R. Long; Wouter A. Serdijn; Chris Verhoeven;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers,
    Volume 63, Issue 11, pp. 1785 - 1793, November 2016. DOI: 10.1109/TCSI.2016.2593341.
    document

  357. Wideband Fully-Programmable Dual-Mode CMOS Analogue Front-End for Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy
    Valente, Virgilio; Demosthenous, Andreas;
    Sensors,
    Volume 16, Issue 8, pp. 1159, July 2016. DOI: 10.3390/s16081159
    document

  358. Frequency Splitting Analysis and Compensation Method for Inductive Wireless Powering of Implantable Biosensors
    Schormans, Matthew; Valente, Virgilio; Demosthenous, Andreas;
    Sensors,
    Volume 16, Issue 8, pp. 1229, August 2016. DOI: 10.3390/s16081229
    document

  359. Precision in Harsh Environments
    P.J. French; G. Krijnen; F. Roozeboom;
    Microsystems & Nanoengineering:Nature,
    Volume 2, pp. 16048, Oct 2016. DOI: 10.1038/micronano.2016.48
    Abstract: ... Microsystems are increasingly being applied in harsh and/or inaccessible environments, but many markets expect the same level of functionality for long periods of time. Harsh environments cover areas that can be subjected to high temperature, (bio)-chemical and mechanical disturbances, electromagnetic noise, radiation, or high vacuum. In the field of actuators, the devices must maintain stringent accuracy specifications for displacement, force, and response times, among others. These new requirements present additional challenges in the compensation for or elimination of cross-sensitivities. Many state-of-the-art precision devices lose their precision and reliability when exposed to harsh environments. It is also important that advanced sensor and actuator systems maintain maximum autonomy such that the devices can operate independently with low maintenance. The next-generation microsystems will be deployed in remote and/or inaccessible and harsh environments that present many challenges to sensor design, materials, device functionality, and packaging. All of these aspects of integrated sensors and actuator microsystems require a multidisciplinary approach to overcome these challenges. The main areas of importance are in the fields of materials science, micro/nano-fabrication technology, device design, circuitry and systems, (first-level) packaging, and measurement strategy. This study examines the challenges presented by harsh environments and investigates the required approaches. Examples of successful devices are also given.

  360. Wireless Power Transfer and Optogenetic Stimulation of Freely Moving Rodents
    Farnaz Nassiri Nia; Freek E. Hoebeek; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience,
    Nov. 29 2016.
    document

  361. An Implantable Stimulator With Safety Sensors in Standard CMOS Process for Active Books
    Liu, Xiao; Valente, Virgilio; Zong, Zhulin; Jiang, Dai; Donaldson, Nick; Demosthenous, Andreas;
    IEEE Sensors Journal,
    Volume 16, Issue 19, pp. 7161--7172, October 2016. DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2016.2577688
    document

  362. Semi-quantitative method for streptococci magnetic detection in raw milk
    Duarte, C.; Costa, T.; Carneiro, C.; Soares, R.; Jitariu, A.; Cardoso, S.; Piedade, M.; Bexiga, R.; Freitas, P.;
    Biosensors,
    Volume 6, Issue 2, 2016. DOI: 10.3390/bios6020019

  363. Identification of Novel Regulators of Developmental Hematopoiesis Using Endoglin Regulatory Elements as Molecular Probes
    Rabab Nasrallah; Eva M. Fast; Parham Solaimani; Kathy Knezevic; Alexia Eliades; Rahima Patel; Roshana Thambyrajah; Ashwin Unnikrishnan; Julie Thoms; Dominik Beck; Chris S. Vink; Aileen Smith; Jason Wong; Mairi Shepherd; David Kent; Rahul Roychoudhuri; Fabian Paul; Julia Klippert; Annette Hammes; Thomas Willnow; Bertie Gottgens; Elaine Dzierzak; Leonard I. Zon; George Lacaud; Valerie Kouskoff; John E. Pimanda;
    Blood,
    Volume 128, Issue 15, pp. 1928--1939, October 2016. DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-02-697870
    document

  364. Hematopoietic (Stem) Cell Development - How Divergent Are the Roads Taken?
    Mari-Liis Kauts; Chris S. Vink; Elaine Dzierzak;
    FEBS Letters,
    Volume 590, Issue 22, pp. 3975--3986, September 2016. DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12372
    document

  365. Subregional Localization and Characterization of Ly6aGFP-Expressing Hematopoietic Cells in the Mouse Embryonic Head
    Zhuan Li; Chris S. Vink; Samanta A. Mariani; Elaine Dzierzak;
    Developmental Biology,
    Volume 416, Issue 1, pp. 34--41, August 2016. DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2016.05.031
    document

  366. BMP and Hedgehog Regulate Distinct AGM Hematopoietic Stem Cells Ex Vivo
    Mihaela Crisan; Parham Solaimani Kartalaei; Alex Neagu; Sofia Karkanpouna; Tomoko Yamada-Inagawa; Caterina Purini; Chris S. Vink; Reinier van der Linden; Wilfred van Ijcken; Susana M. Chuva de Sousa Lopes; Rui Monteiro; Christine Mummery; Elaine Dzierzak;
    Stem Cell Reports,
    Volume 6, Issue 3, pp. 383--395, March 2016. DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2016.01.016
    document

  367. Functional and Molecular Characterization of Mouse Gata2-Independent Hematopoietic Progenitors
    Polynikis Kaimakis*; Emma de Pater*; Christina Eich*; Parham Solaimani Kartalaei; Mari-Liis Kauts; Chris S. Vink; Reinier van der Linden; Martine Jaegle; Tomomasa Yokomizo; Dies Meijer; Elaine Dzierzak;
    Blood,
    Volume 127, Issue 11, pp. 1426--1437, March 2016. DOI: 10.1182/blood-2015-10-673749
    document

  368. Using magnetic levitation for 2D and 3D self-assembly of cubic silicon macroparticles
    Woldering, L{\' e}on A.; Been, Auke J.; Alink, Laurens; Abelmann, Leon;
    Physica Status Solidi - Rapid Research Letters,
    Volume 10, Issue 2, pp. 176 – 184, 2016. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1002/pssr.201510298
    Keywords: ... Hydrophilicity; Hydrophobicity; Magnetic levitation; Magnetic levitation vehicles; Nanotechnology; Silicon; 3D self-assembly; Functional structure; Hydrophobic interactions; Macro-particles; Paramagnetic fluid; Polymer spheres; Scaling limits; Silicon particles; Self assembly.

    Abstract: ... Today's micro- and nano-fabrication is essentially two-dimensional, with very limited possibilities of accessing the third dimension. The most viable way to mass-fabricate functional structures at the nano-scale, such as electronics or MEMS, with equal feature sizes in all directions, is by three-dimensional self-assembly. Up to now, three-dimensional self-assembly has mainly been restricted to crystals of polymer spheres. We report on two- and three-dimensional self-assembly of silicon cubes, levitated in a paramagnetic fluid. We demonstrate the benefits of templating and study the effect of a change in hydrophilicity of the cubes. These experiments bring us one step closer to three-dimensional self-assembly of anisotropic, semiconducting units, which is a crucial milestone in overcoming the scaling limits imposed by contemporary 2D microfabrication. © 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

    document

  369. Let's twist again: Elasto-capillary assembly of parallel ribbons
    Legrain, Antoine; Berenschot, Erwin J. W.; Abelmann, Leon; Bico, Jos{\' e}; Tas, Niels R.;
    Soft Matter,
    Volume 12, Issue 34, pp. 7186 – 7194, 2016. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1039/c6sm00910g
    Keywords: ... Silicon nitride; Silicon wafers; 3D microstructures; Batch fabrication; Capillary assembly; Controllable structures; Macroscopic scale; Micrometer scale; Model experiments; Self-assembly technique; Self assembly.

    Abstract: ... We show the self-assembly through twisting and bending of side by side ribbons under the action of capillary forces. Micro-ribbons made of silicon nitride are batch assembled at the wafer scale. We study their assembly as a function of their dimensions and separating distance. Model experiments are carried out at the macroscopic scale where the tension in ribbons can easily be tuned. The process is modeled considering the competition between capillary, elastic and tension forces. Theory shows a good agreement for macroscale assemblies, while the accuracy is within 30% at the micrometer scale. This simple self-assembly technique yields highly symmetric and controllable structures which could be used for batch fabrication of functional 3D micro-structures. © 2016 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

    document

  370. Residual stress and Young's modulus of pulsed laser deposited PZT thin films: Effect of thin film composition and crystal direction of Si cantilevers
    Nazeer, H.; Nguyen, M. D.; Rijnders, G.; Abelmann, L.; Sardan Sukas, {\"O}.;
    Microelectronic Engineering,
    Volume 161, pp. 56 – 62, 2016. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1016/j.mee.2016.04.004
    Keywords: ... Crystal orientation; Deposition; Elastic moduli; Epitaxial growth; Lead; Nanocantilevers; Pulsed laser deposition; Pulsed lasers; Residual stresses; Silicon; Thermal expansion; X ray diffraction; Cantilever bending; Crystal direction; Mechanical parameters; Preferred orientations; Resonance frequencies; Silicon cantilever; Thin film composition; X-ray diffraction data; Thin films.

    Abstract: ... We investigated the residual stress and Young's modulus of Pb(ZrxTi1 - x)O3 (PZT) thin films with a (110) preferred orientation and a composition x ranging from 0.2 to 0.8. The films are grown by pulsed laser deposition on silicon cantilevers aligned along the <110> and <100> silicon crystal directions. Changes in resonance frequency and static bending of the cantilevers are used to determine the Young's modulus and residual stress respectively. The Young's modulus was found to be in the range of 100-200 GPa. The residual stress is tensile and shows a sharp increase from about 50 to 250 MPa at a composition of x = 0.2 to 0.4. These mechanical parameters clearly depend on the cantilever orientation with respect to the silicon crystal, which we suspect to be linked to the epitaxial growth of the films. The variation in stress with composition can be explained by the difference in thermal expansion between silicon and PZT, if we assume an intrinsic stress of 200-300 MPa to be already present immediately after deposition. Strain calculated from X-ray diffraction data leads to unreasonably high residual stress values, at least one order of magnitude higher than measured by cantilever bending. © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

    document

  371. Design of Efficient and Safe Neural Stimulators - a multidisciplinary approach
    Marijn van Dongen; Wouter Serdijn;
    Springer, in Analog Circuits and Signal Processing, 2016. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-28131-5.
    document

  372. Analog IC Design Techniques for Nanopower Biomedical Signal Processing
    Chutham Sawigun; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    River Publishers, in The River Publishers Series in Biomedical Engineering, 2016. ISBN: 9788793379299.
    document

  373. Balancing Accuracy, Delay and Battery Autonomy for Pervasive Seizure Detection
    Athanasios Karapatis; Robert Mark Seepers; Marijn van Dongen; Wouter A. Serdijn; Christos Strydis;
    In 38th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC 2016),
    Orlando, Florida, USA, IEEE, August 16-20 2016.
    document

  374. First impressions from detailed brain model simulations on a xeon/xeon-phi node
    Chatzikonstantis, G., Rodopoulos, D., Nomikou, S.; Strydis, C.; De Zeeuw, C.I., Soudris, D.;
    In 2016 ACM International Conference on Computing Frontiers - Proceedings,
    pp. 361-364, 2016.
    document

  375. MCluster: A Software Framework for Portable Device-Based Volunteer Computing
    Theodoropoulos, D., Chrysos, G., Koidis, I., Charitopoulos, G., Pissadakis, E., Varikos, A., Pnevmatikatos, D., Smaragdos, G.; Strydis, C.; Zervos, N.;
    In Proceedings - 2016 16th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud, and Grid Computing, CCGrid 2016,
    pp. 336-341, 2016.
    document

  376. Runtime interval optimization and dependable performance for application-level checkpointing
    Kokolis, A., Mavrogiannis, A., Rodopoulos, D.; Strydis, C.; Soudris, D.;
    In Proceedings of the 2016 Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference and Exhibition, DATE 2016,
    pp. 594-599, 2016.
    document

  377. The VINEYARD project: Versatile integrated accelerator-based heterogeneous data centres
    Kachris, C., Gaydadjiev, G., Nguyen, H.-N., Nikolopoulos, D.S., Bilas, A., Morgan, N.; Strydis, C.; Spatadakis, V., Gardelis, D., Jimenez-Peris, R., Almeida, A.;
    In 2016 5th International Conference on Modern Circuits and Systems Technologies, MOCAST 2016,
    2016.
    document

  378. Performance analysis of accelerated biophysically-meaningful neuron simulations
    Smaragdos, G., Chatzikostantis, G., Nomikou, S., Rodopoulos, D., Sourdis, I., Soudris, D., De Zeeuw, C.I.; Strydis, C.;
    In ISPASS 2016 - International Symposium on Performance Analysis of Systems and Software,
    pp. 1-11, 2016.
    document

  379. Secure key-exchange protocol for implants using heartbeats
    Seepers, R.M., Weber, J.H., Erkin, Z., Sourdis, I.; Strydis, C.;
    In 2016 ACM International Conference on Computing Frontiers - Proceedings,
    pp. 119-126, 2016.
    document

  380. A 0.7-V 400-uW 16-bit audio sigma-delta modulator with a modified tracking quantizer
    Yaghoubi, M.; Saberi, M.; Lotfi, R.;
    In proc. 2016 24th Iranian Conference on Electrical Engineering, ICEE 2016,
    pp. 1336-1341, 2016.
    document

  381. Generating the third dimension in flatland
    P.J. French;
    In Optofluidics 2016,
    Beijing, China, OSA, July 2016.

  382. Detection of Anastomotic Leakage after Colon Surgery by Evanescent Waveguide
    Y. Xin; G. Pandraud; L. Pakula; P.J. French;
    In The Conference for ICT-Research,
    Netherlands, NOW, STW and IPN, March 2016.

  383. Optimisation of Bio-medical Optical Waveguide
    Y. Xin; G. Pandraud; L. Pakula; B. Morana; P.J. French;
    In 2016 IEEE NEMS Conference,
    Matsushima, Japan, IEEE, April 2016.

  384. Adaptive Buck-Boost Converter for RF Energy Harvesting and Transfer in Biomedical Applications
    Gustavo C. Martins; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In proc. 2016 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Symposium (BioCAS'2016),
    IEEE, Oct. 17-19 2016.
    document

  385. Flexible Microsystems
    P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In Proceeding Smart Systems Integration,
    Munich, Germany, mesago, pp. 181-188, March 2016.

  386. Design, Fabrication and Experiments of a Novel Standing SU-8 Evanescent Waveguide for Sensing
    Y.M. Zhang; Y. Xin; G. Pandraud; P.J. French;
    In MicroNano Conference,
    Netherlands, MinacNed, December 2016.

  387. Novel fabrication of 3D taper coupler of optical sensing waveguide
    Y. Xin; Y.M. Zhang; G. Pandraud; P.J. French;
    In Sensor Technology Conference Sense of Contact,
    Netherlands, December 2016.

  388. An implantable wireless multi-channel neural prosthesis for epidural stimulation
    Jiang, Dai; Eder, Clemens; Perkins, Timothy A.; Vanhoestenberghe, Anne; Schormans, Matthew; Liu, Fangqi; Valente, Virgilio; Donaldson, Nick; Demosthenous, Andreas;
    In 2016 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    IEEE, pp. 2026--2029, May 2016. DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS.2016.7538975
    document

  389. Live demonstration: An implantable wireless multi-channel neural prosthesis for epidural stimulation
    Jiang, Dai; Eder, Clemens; Perkins, Timothy A.; Vanhoestenberghe, Anne; Schormans, Matthew; Liu, Fangqi; Valente, Virgilio; Donaldson, Nick; Demosthenous, Andreas;
    In 2016 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    IEEE, pp. 2372--2372, May 2016. DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS.2016.7539063
    document

  390. Dual-mode CMOS analog front-end (AFE) for electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) systems
    Valente, Virgilio; Jiang, Dai; Demosthenous, Andreas;
    In 2016 38th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC),
    IEEE, pp. 1914--1917, August 2016. DOI: 10.1109/EMBC.2016.7591096
    document

  391. Combination of LPCVD and PECVD SiC in fabricating evanescent waveguides
    Yu Xin; Gregory Pandraud; Lukasz S. Pakula; Bruno Morana; Paddy J. French;
    In 2016 IEEE 11th Annual International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems (NEMS),
    April 2016. DOI: 10.1109/NEMS.2016.7758311
    Abstract: ... As a promising material in MEMS field, SiC is widely used to fabricate sensors in many applications. Considering its fabrication potential and optical properties, SiC was chosen as the core material of evanescent waveguide sensor in this paper. LPCVD and PECVD deposition were combined in fabricating the waveguide. To reduce the coupling loss and misalignment effect, 3D tapered couplers were designed to be added to the input and output of the waveguide and a novel slope transfer method was investigated to fabricate the taper slope. In initial experiments we have achieved a slope of 16.7°.

  392. Design and optimization of a CMOS front-end for magnetoresistive sensor based biomolecular recognition detection
    Costa, T.; Germano, J.; Piedade, M.S.; Cardoso, F.A.; Freitas, P.P.;
    In Proceedings - IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    pp. 2859-2862, 2016. DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS.2016.7539189

  393. A pipeline ADC for very high conversion rates
    D. G. Muratore; E. Bonizzoni; F. Maloberti;
    In IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    2016. DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS.2016.7527529
    document

  394. An 8-bit 0.7-GS/s single channel flash-SAR ADC in 65-nm CMOS technology
    D. G. Muratore; A. Akdikmen; E. Bonizzoni; F. Maloberti; U.-F. Chio; S.-W. Sin; R. P. Martins;
    In IEEE European Solid-State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC),
    2016. DOI: 10.1109/ESSCIRC.2016.7598331
    document

  395. A capacitive sensor interface for high-resolution acquisitions in hostile environments
    D. G. Muratore; E. Bonizzoni; F. Maloberti; C. Fiocchi;
    In IEEE Latin American Symposium on Circuits Systems (LASCAS),
    2016. DOI: 10.1109/LASCAS.2016.7451036
    document

  396. Circuit Design for Highly Sensitive RF-Powered Wireless Sensor Nodes
    Mark Stoopman;
    PhD thesis, Delft University of Technology, Sept. 9 2016.
    document

  397. Radio frequency energy harvesting and low power data transmission for autonomous wireless sensor nodes
    Andre Luis Rodrigues Mansano;
    PhD thesis, Delft University of Technology, Nov. 22 2016.
    document

  398. Flexible active electrode arrays with ASICs that fit inside the rat's spinal canal
    Vasiliki Giagka; Andreas Demosthenous; Nick Donaldson;
    Biomedical Microdevices,
    Volume 17, Issue 6, pp. 106 - 118, December 2015. DOI 10.1007/s10544-015-0011-5.
    document

  399. An Implantable Versatile Electrode-Driving ASIC for Chronic Epidural Stimulation in Rats
    Vasiliki Giagka; Clemens Eder; Nick Donaldson; Andreas Demosthenous;
    IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems,
    Volume 9, Issue 3, pp. 387 - 400, June 2015. DOI 10.1109/TBCAS.2014.2330859.
    document

  400. A 0.042 mm^2 programmable biphasic stimulator for cochlear implants suitable for a large number of channels
    W. Ngamkham; M.N. van Dongen; W.A. Serdijn; C.J. Bes; J.J. Briaire; J.H.M. Frijns;
    ArXiv.org,
    January 29 2015.
    document

  401. A 2.4 GHz Power Amplifier With 40% Global Efficiency at 5 dBm Output for Autonomous Wireless Sensor Nodes
    Mark Stoopman; Kathleen Philips; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters,
    2015. DOI 10.1109/LMWC.2015.2400940.
    document

  402. Co-Design of Electrically-Short Antenna-Electronics Interfaces in the Receiving Mode
    Mark Stoopman; Yao Liu; Hubregt J. Visser; Kathleen Philips; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs,
    2015. DOI 10.1109/TCSII.2015.2406371.
    document

  403. Cerebellar output controls generalized spike-and-wave discharge occurrence
    Kros, Lieke; Eelkman Rooda, Oscar H.J.; Spanke, Jochen K.; Alva, Parimala; van Dongen, Marijn N.; Karapatis, Athanasios; Tolner, Else A.; Strydis, Christos; Davey, Neil; Winkelman, Beerend H.J.; Negrello, Mario; Serdijn, W;
    Annals of Neurology,
    Volume 77, Issue 6, pp. 1027?-1049, June 2015.
    document

  404. High frequency switched-mode stimulation can evoke postsynaptic responses in cerebellar principal neurons
    Dongen, Marijn van; Hoebeek, Freek; Koekkoek, S K E; De Zeeuw, Chris; Serdijn, Wouter;
    Frontiers in Neuroengineering,
    Volume 8, Issue 2, 2015.
    document

  405. The injectable neurostimulator: an emerging therapeutic device
    Xiaolong Li; Wouter A. Serdijn; Wei Zheng; Yubo Tian; Bing Zhang;
    Trends in Biotechnology,
    Issue 0, pp. -, April 25 2015.
    document

  406. Does a coupling capacitor enhance the charge balance during neural stimulation? An empirical study
    van Dongen, Marijn N.; Serdijn, Wouter A.;
    Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing,
    pp. 1-9, May 29 2015.
    document

  407. Guest Editorial Special Section on the 2014 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS 2014)
    di Bernardo, M.; Setti, G.; Serdijn, W.; Lian, Y.;
    Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers, IEEE Transactions on,
    Volume 62, Issue 5, pp. 1217 - 1219, May 2015.
    document

  408. A comparative analysis of phase-domain ADC and amplitude-domain IQ ADC
    Liu, Y., Lotfi, R., Hu, Y., Serdijn, W.A.;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers,
    Volume 62, Issue 3, pp. 671-679, 2015. cited By 0.
    document

  409. Dependable multicore architectures at nanoscale: The view from Europe
    Ottavi, M., Pontarelli, S., Gizopoulos, D., Paschalis, A., Bolchini, C., Michael, M.K., Anghel, L., Tahoori, M., Reviriego, P., Bringmann, O., Izosimov, V., Manhaeve, H.; Strydis, C.; Hamdioui, S.;
    IEEE Design and Test,
    Volume 32, Issue 2, pp. 17-28, 2015.
    document

  410. Increasing the trustworthiness of embedded applications
    Athanasopoulos, E., Boehner, M., Giuffrida, C., Pidan, D., Prevelakis, V., Sourdis, I.; Strydis, C.; Thomson, J.;
    Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics),
    Volume 9229, pp. 321-322, 2015.
    document

  411. Secure hardware-software architectures for robust computing systems
    Athanasopoulos, E., Boehner, M., Ioannidis, S., Giuffrida, C., Pidan, D., Prevelakis, V., Sourdis, I.; Strydis, C.; Thomson, J.;
    Communications in Computer and Information Science,
    Volume 570, pp. 209-212, 2015.
    document

  412. Intelligent voltage ramp-up time adaptation for temperature noise reduction on memory-based PUF systems
    Cortez, Mafalda; Hamdioui, Said; Kaichouhi, Ali; van der Leest, Vincent; Maes, Roel; Schrijen, Geert-Jan;
    IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems,
    Volume 34, Issue 7, pp. 1162--1175, 2015.
    document

  413. A High-Power CMOS Class-D Amplifier for Inductive-Link Medical Transmitters
    Valente, Virgilio; Eder, Clemens; Donaldson, Nick; Demosthenous, Andreas;
    IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,
    Volume 30, Issue 8, pp. 4477--4488, August 2015. DOI: 10.1109/TPEL.2014.2353214
    document

  414. BMP Signalling Differentially Regulates Distinct Haematopoietic Stem Cell Types
    Mihaela Crisan; Parham Solaimani Kartalaei; Chris S. Vink; Tomoko Yamada-Inagawa; Karine Bollerot; Wilfred van IJcken; Reinier van der Linden; Susana M. Chuva de Sousa Lopes; Rui Monteiro; Christine Mummery; Elaine Dzierzak;
    Nature Communications,
    Volume 6, Issue 1, August 2015. DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9040
    document

  415. Bidirectional microfluidic pumping using an array of magnetic Janus microspheres rotating around magnetic disks
    Van Den Beld, Wesley T. E.; Cadena, Natalia L.; Bomer, Johan; De Weerd, Eddy L.; Abelmann, Leon; Van Den Berg, Albert; Eijkel, Jan C. T.;
    Lab on a Chip,
    Volume 15, Issue 13, pp. 2872 – 2878, 2015. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1039/c5lc00199d
    Keywords: ... Magnetics; Microfluidic Analytical Techniques; Microspheres; Models, Theoretical; Rotation; ferromagnetic material; microsphere; polystyrene; algorithm; Article; dipole; flow measurement; flow rate; fluid flow; force; lab on a chip; magnetic field; microfluidics; microscopy; priority journal; rotation; viscosity; devices; magnetism; microfluidic analysis; theoretical model.

    Abstract: ... We demonstrate a novel, flexible and programmable method to pump liquid through microchannels in lab-on-a-chip systems without the use of an external pump. The pumping principle is based on the rotation of ferromagnetic Janus microspheres around permalloy disks, driven by an external rotating magnetic field. By placing the disks close to the edge of the microchannel, a pumping rate of at least 0.3 nL min-1 was measured using tracking microspheres. Geometric programming of the pumping direction is possible by positioning the magnetic disk close to the side wall. A second degree of freedom in the pumping direction is offered by the rotational direction of the external magnetic field. This method is especially suited for flow-controlled recirculation of chemical and biological species in microchannels - for example, medium recirculation in culture chambers - opening the way towards novel, portable, on-chip applications without the need for external fluidic or electrical connections. © The Royal Society of Chemistry.

    document

  416. Young's modulus and residual stress of GeSbTe phase-change thin films
    Nazeer, Hammad; Bhaskaran, Harish; Woldering, L{\' e}on A.; Abelmann, Leon;
    Thin Solid Films,
    Volume 592, pp. 69 – 75, 2015. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1016/j.tsf.2015.08.049
    Keywords: ... Antimony compounds; Digital storage; Elastic moduli; Germanium compounds; Residual stresses; Strain; Tellurium compounds; Crucial parameters; GeSbTe; Micro-cantilevers; Non-volatile; Non-volatile data; Phase Change; Phase change films; Phase change thin films; Phase change materials.

    Abstract: ... The mechanical properties of phase change materials alter when the phase is transformed. In this paper, we report on experiments that determine the change in crucial parameters such as Young's modulus and residual stress for two of the most widely employed compositions of phase change films, Ge1Sb2Te4 and Ge2Sb2Te5, using an accurate microcantilever methodology. The results support understanding of the exact mechanisms that account for the phase transition, especially with regard to stress, which leads to drift in non-volatile data storage. Moreover, detailed information on the change in mechanical properties will enable the design of novel low-power nonvolatile MEMS. © 2015 Elsevier B.V.

    document

  417. Vacuum behavior and control of a MEMS stage with integrated thermal displacement sensor
    Krijnen, B.; Brouwer, D. M.; Abelmann, L.; Herder, J. L.;
    Sensors and Actuators, A: Physical,
    Volume 234, pp. 321 – 330, 2015. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2015.09.005
    Keywords: ... Control; Frequency domain analysis; Low pass filters; Mechanisms; MEMS; Notch filters; Q factor measurement; Thermal conductivity; Vacuum; Closed-loop behavior; Electrostatic comb drives; Integral controllers; Integrated sensors; Q-factors; Reduced resolution; Thermal displacement sensors; Vacuum environment; Controllers.

    Abstract: ... We investigate the applicability of a MEMS stage in a vacuum environment. The stage is suspended by a flexure mechanism and is actuated by electrostatic comb-drives. The position of the stage is measured by an integrated sensor based on the conductance of heat through air. The vacuum behavior of the sensor and the stage is identified. A model for thermal conductivity and viscous damping as a function of the vacuum pressure is presented and validated by measuring the decreasing sensor response and the increasing Q-factor for decreasing pressure. We have identified the system in the frequency domain, which is used to compare the closed-loop behavior with three different controllers: an integral controller, an integral controller with low-pass filter, and an integral controller with notch filter. The integral controller can become unstable due to the high Q-factor in vacuum. Adding a low-pass or a notch filter improves the stability at low pressures. Since the integral controller with notch filter shows the lowest settling time, this is the preferred controller. Overall, we are able to control the position of the MEMS stage at a pressure of 1 mbar with a reduced resolution of approximately 1.1 μm, but with a good settling time of 2.2 ms. © 2015 Elsevier B.V.© 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

    document

  418. Direct coupling of a free-flow isotachophoresis (FFITP) device with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS)
    Park, J. K.; Campos, C. D. M.; Neu{\v z}il, P.; Abelmann, L.; Guijt, R. M.; Manz, A.;
    Lab on a Chip,
    Volume 15, Issue 17, pp. 3495 – 3502, 2015. All Open Access, Green Open Access, Hybrid Gold Open Access. DOI: 10.1039/c5lc00523j
    Keywords: ... Citric Acid; Equipment Design; Fluorescein; Isotachophoresis; Lab-On-A-Chip Devices; Models, Chemical; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; citric acid; fluorescein; analytical equipment; Article; electric field; electrospray mass spectrometry; free flow isotachophoresis; free flow isotachophoresis device; hydrodynamics; isotachophoresis; microfluidics; microtechnology; optical resolution; priority journal; proteomics; chemical model; devices; electrospray mass spectrometry; equipment design; isotachophoresis; lab on a chip.

    Abstract: ... We present the online coupling of a free-flow isotachophoresis (FFITP) device to an electrospray ionization mass spectrometer (ESI-MS) for continuous analysis without extensive sample preparation. Free-flow-electrophoresis techniques are used for continuous electrophoretic separations using an electric field applied perpendicular to the buffer and sample flow, with FFITP using a discontinuous electrolyte system to concurrently focus a target analyte and remove interferences. The online coupling of FFITP to ESI-MS decouples the separation and detection timeframe because the electrophoretic separation takes place perpendicular to the flow direction, which can be beneficial for monitoring (bio)chemical changes and/or extensive MSn studies. We demonstrated the coupling of FFITP with ESI-MS for simultaneous concentration of target analytes and sample clean-up. Furthermore, we show hydrodynamic control of the fluidic fraction injected into the MS, allowing for fluidically controlled scanning of the ITP window. Future applications of this approach are expected in monitoring biochemical changes and proteomics. © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015.

    document

  419. Magnetic drug delivery with FePd nanowires
    Pondman, Kirsten M.; Bunt, Nathan D.; Maijenburg, A. Wouter; Van Wezel, Richard J. A.; Kishore, Uday; Abelmann, Leon; Ten Elshof, Johan E.; Ten Haken, Bennie;
    Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials,
    Volume 380, pp. 299 – 306, 2015. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmmm.2014.10.101
    Keywords: ... Blood; Cell culture; Drug delivery; Drug interactions; Endothelial cells; Hemodynamics; Magnetic moments; Magnetism; Magnets; Nanoparticles; Nanowires; Toxicity; Endothelial cell line; High magnetic moments; Immune response; In-vivo experiments; Magnetic drug delivery; Magnetic nano-particles; Negative side effects; Systemic administration; Nanomagnetics.

    Abstract: ... Magnetic drug delivery is a promising method to target a drug to a diseased area while reducing negative side effects caused by systemic administration of drugs. In magnetic drug delivery a therapeutic agent is coupled to a magnetic nanoparticle. The particles are injected and at the target location withdrawn from blood flow by a magnetic field. In this study a FePd nanowire is developed with optimised properties for magnetic targeting. The nanowires have a high magnetic moment to reduce the field gradient needed to capture them with a magnet. The dimensions and the materials of the nanowire and coating are such that they are dispersable in aqueous media, non-cytotoxic, easily phagocytosed and not complement activating. This is established in several in-vitro tests with macrophage and endothelial cell lines. Along with the nanowires a magnet is designed, optimised for capture of the nanowires from the blood flow in the hind leg of a rat. The system is used in a pilot scale in-vivo experiment. No negative side effects from injection of the nanowires were found within the limited time span of the experiment. In this first pilot experiment no nanowires were found to be targeted by the magnet, or in the liver, kidneys or spleen, most likely the particles were removed during the fixation procedure. © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

    document

  420. Erratum to "A Large-Stroke 3DOF Stage With Integrated Feedback in MEMS"
    Krijnen, Bram; Swinkels, Koen R.; Brouwer, Dannis M.; Abelmann, Leon; Herder, Just L.;
    Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems,
    Volume 24, Issue 5, pp. 1659, 2015. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/JMEMS.2015.2452791
    document

  421. Capillary origami of micro-machined micro-objects: Bi-layer conductive hinges
    Legrain, A.; Berenschot, J. W.; Tas, N. R.; Abelmann, L.;
    Microelectronic Engineering,
    Volume 140, pp. 60 – 66, 2015. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1016/j.mee.2015.06.004
    Keywords: ... Electrodes; Platinum; Silicon nitride; Capillary force; Conductive electrodes; Different layers; Electronic functionality; Fabrication yield; Folding process; Plasma cleaning; Platinum electrodes; Hinges.

    Abstract: ... Recently, we demonstrated controllable 3D self-folding by means of capillary forces of silicon-nitride micro-objects made of rigid plates connected to each other by flexible hinges (Legrain et al., 2014). In this paper, we introduce platinum electrodes running from the substrate to the plates over these bendable hinges. The fabrication yield is as high as (77 ± 2)% for hinges with a length less than 75 μm. The yield reduces to (18 ± 2)% when the length increases above 100 μm. Most of the failures in conductivity are due to degradation of the platinum/chromium layer stack during the final plasma cleaning step. The bi-layer hinges survive the capillary folding process, even for extremely small bending radii of 5 μm, nor does the bending have any impact on the conductivity. Stress in the different layers deforms the hinges, which does not affect the conductivity. Once assembled, the conductive hinges can withstand a current density of (1.6 ± 0.4) × 106 A/cm2. This introduction of conductive electrodes to elastocapillary self-folded silicon-based micro-objects extends the range of their possible applications by allowing an electronic functionality of the folded parts. © 2015 Elsevier B.V.All rights reserved.

    document

  422. Electric field controlled nanoscale contactless deposition using a nanofluidic scanning probe
    Geerlings, Jo{\" e}l; Sarajlic, Edin; Berenschot, Erwin J. W.; Sanders, Remco G. P.; Siekman, Martin H.; Abelmann, Leon; Tas, Niels R.;
    Applied Physics Letters,
    Volume 107, Issue 12, 2015. All Open Access, Green Open Access, Hybrid Gold Open Access. DOI: 10.1063/1.4931354
    Keywords: ... Electric fields; Liquids; Nanotechnology; Sodium deposits; Sodium sulfate; Substrates; Wetting; Contact less; Contactless deposition; Deposition current; Liquid deposition; Non-contact; Polar liquids; Scanning probes; Simple modeling; Deposition.

    Abstract: ... A technique for contactless liquid deposition on the nanoscale assisted by an electric field is presented. By the application of a voltage between the liquid inside a (FluidFM) nanofountain pen AFM probe and a substrate, accurate contactless deposition is achieved. This technique allows for the deposition of polar liquids on non-wetting substrates. Sodium sulfate dried deposits indicate that the spot size and height increases with t0.33±0.04 and t0.35±0.10, respectively. The minimum observed diameter was 70nm. By measuring the probe deflection and the electric deposition current, we confirm that deposition is truly non-contact. We propose a simple model based on a constant stream of liquid to the substrate, which explains our observations qualitatively. © 2015 Author(s).

    document

  423. A Large-Stroke 3DOF Stage With Integrated Feedback in MEMS
    Krijnen, Bram; Swinkels, Koen R.; Brouwer, Dannis M.; Abelmann, Leon; Herder, Just L.;
    Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems,
    Volume 24, Issue 6, pp. 1720 – 1729, 2015. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/JMEMS.2015.2432054
    Keywords: ... Electromechanical devices; Electrostatic actuators; Electrostatics; Mechanisms; MEMS; Transfer functions; Displacement sensor; Electrostatic comb drives; Fabrication process; Flexure mechanism; Geometric transfer functions; Kinematic relations; Micro electromechanical system (MEMS); Positioning stage; Position control.

    Abstract: ... In this paper, we design, fabricate, and validate a large-stroke 3-degree-of-freedom (DOF) positioning stage with integrated displacement sensors for feedback control in a single-mask microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) fabrication process. Three equal shuttles exactly define the position of the stage in x, y, and Rz. The kinematic relation between the shuttle positions and the stage position is given by the geometric transfer function. By increasing the order of this geometric transfer function, the stage error can be reduced. Each shuttle consists of a flexure mechanism, a position sensor, and electrostatic comb drive actuators for actuation along a straight line. The range of motion of the stage is limited by electrostatic pull-in of these comb drives. Three parameters of the stage, the leafspring length, the eccentricity, and the tangential arm, have been varied to find their influence on the stage range of motion. These simulation results can be used to design stages with different specifications. Position control of the individual shuttles is applied to control the position of the stage. The stroke of the 3DOF stage is verified up to 161 μm in x, 175 μm in y, and 325 mrad in Rz. This exceeds the range of motion of existing stages. [2014-0314] © 2015 IEEE.

    document

  424. Compositional dependence of the young's modulus and piezoelectric coefficient of (110)-oriented pulsed laser deposited PZT thin films
    Nazeer, Hammad; Nguyen, Minh D.; Sukas, {\"O}zlem Sardan; Rijnders, Guus; Abelmann, Leon; Elwenspoek, Miko C.;
    Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems,
    Volume 24, Issue 1, pp. 166 – 173, 2015. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/JMEMS.2014.2323476
    Keywords: ... Ceramic materials; Deposition; Electromechanical devices; Lead; MEMS; Microelectromechanical devices; Piezoelectricity; Pulsed laser deposition; Pulsed lasers; Thin films; Zirconium; Compositional dependence; Coupling coefficient; Flexural resonance frequency; Piezoelectric coefficient; Piezoelectric property; Preferred orientations; PZT; Young's Modulus; Elastic moduli.

    Abstract: ... In this contribution, we report on the compositional dependence of the mechanical and piezoelectric properties of Pb(ZrxTi1-x)O3 (PZT) thin films fabricated by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). These films grow epitaxially on silicon with a (110) preferred orientation and have excellent piezoelectric properties, which make them outstanding candidates for application in microelectromechanical system devices. Vibrometric measurements on capacitors showed that the effective longitudinal piezoelectric coefficient (d33,f) of 100-nm thick PZT films has a maximum value of 72 pm/V for a composition of x = 0.52. The Young's modulus was determined by measuring the difference in the flexural resonance frequencies of cantilevers before and after the deposition of the PZT thin films. The compositional dependence of the Young's modulus shows an increase in value for the Zr-rich compositions, which is in agreement with the trend observed in their bulk ceramic counterparts. From the obtained dielectric constant and d33,f, we show that the calculated coupling coefficients of the PLD-PZT thin films have higher values for most of the compositions than their ceramic counterparts. [2013-0039] © 2014 IEEE.

    document

  425. Planar manipulation of magneto-tactic bacteria using unidirectional magnetic fields
    Hageman, T. A. G.; Pichel, M. P.; Altmeyer, M. O.; Manz, A.; Abelmann, L.;
    conference, 2015.
    Keywords: ... Bacteria; Control; Magnetic fields; Erase head; Magnetotactic Bacteria; Unidirectional magnetic fields; Magnetism.

    Abstract: ... We show for the first time that an alternating unidirectional magnetic field generated by a magnetic erase head allows planar manipulation of magneto-tactic bacteria (MTB), and is not restricted to parallel directions only. We used squared-shaped magnetic fields of approximately 4 mT while sweeping from 0.25 to 10 Hz, and found that at frequencies of over 3 Hz the mean orthogonal velocity becomes constant. The erase head offers a significant reduction in size and complexity over conventional manipulators. © 15CBMS-0001.

    document

  426. MagCMOS
    Costa, T.; Cardoso, F.A.; Piedade, M.S.; Freitas, P.P.;
    In Handbook of Bioelectronics: Directly Interfacing Electronics and Biological Systems,
    Cambridge University Press, 2015. DOI: 10.1017/CBO9781139629539.015

  427. Autonomous Wireless Sensor for ECG Monitoring
    Andre Luis Mansano; Yongjia Li; Wouter Serdijn;
    In Book of Abstracts, 5th Dutch Bio-Medical Engineering Conference,
    Egmond aan Zee, the Netherlands, January 22-23 2015.
    document

  428. A 21-bit Companding Two-Step Analog-to-Digital Converter using a Minimum Amount of High Voltage Devices for Recording Neural Responses in Cochlear Implants
    Cees-Jeroen Bes; Reza Lotfi; Wouter Serdijn; Jeroen Briaire; Johan Frijns;
    In Book of Abstracts, 5th Dutch Bio-Medical Engineering Conference,
    Egmond aan Zee, the Netherlands, January 22-23 2015.
    document

  429. A Power-Efficient Multichannel Neural Stimulator Using High-Frequency Pulsed Excitation
    Marijn N. van Dongen; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Book of Abstracts, 5th Dutch Bio-Medical Engineering Conference,
    Egmond aan Zee, the Netherlands, January 22-23 2015.
    document

  430. An energy-efficient level shifter for low-power applications
    Hosseini, S.R., Saberi, M., Lotfi, R.;
    In Proc. IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    Lisbon, Portugal, IEEE Circuits and Systems Society, pp. 2241-2244, May 24-27 2015.

  431. Rectifier Automatic Impedance Matching for Biomedical Implants
    Gustavo Martins; Wouter Serdijn;
    In Book of Abstracts, 5th Dutch Bio-Medical Engineering Conference,
    Egmond aan Zee, the Netherlands, January 22-23 2015.
    document

  432. Micromachined cochlear implant
    P.J. French; N. Lawand; L. Pakula; H. van Zeijl; J.H.M. Frijns; J. Braire;
    In Proceeding Smart Systems Integration,
    Copenhagen, Denmark, mesago, pp. 265-271, March 2015.

  433. Optimisation of Bio-medical Optical Waveguide
    Y. Xin; A. Purniawan; L. Pakula; G. Pandraud; P.J. French;
    In International Smart System Integration,
    Copenhagen, Denmark, mesago, March 2015.

  434. Precision in Harsh Environments
    P.J. French;
    In Microsystems & Nanoengineering Summit 2015,
    Beijing, China, IECAS, Aug 2015.

  435. Accelerating complex brain-model simulations on GPU platforms
    Nguyen, H.A.D., Al-Ars, Z., Smaragdos, G.; Strydis, C.;
    In Proceedings -Design, Automation and Test in Europe, DATE,
    pp. 974-979, 2015.
    document

  436. Reducing the performance overhead of resilient CMPs with substitutable resources
    Malek, A., Tzilis, S., Khan, D.A., Sourdis, I., Smaragdos, G.; Strydis, C.;
    In Proceedings of the 2015 IEEE International Symposium on Defect and Fault Tolerance in VLSI and Nanotechnology Systems, DFTS 2015,
    pp. 191-196, 2015.
    document

  437. On using a von neumann extractor in heart-beat-based security
    Seepers, R.M.; Strydis, C.; Sourdis, I., De Zeeuw, C.I.;
    In Proceedings - 14th IEEE International Conference on Trust, Security and Privacy in Computing and Communications, TrustCom 2015,
    pp. 491-498, 2015.
    document

  438. Detection of Anastomotic Leakage after Colon Surgery by Evanescent Waveguide
    Y. Xin; A. Purniawan; L. Pakula; G. Pandraud; P.J. French;
    In The Conference for ICT-Research,
    Netherlands, NOW, STW and IPN, March 2015.

  439. Integrated Micromachining
    P.J. French;
    In The 7th International Conference on Sensors ASIASENSE 2015,
    Surabaya, Indonesia, ICOMMET, Oct 2015.

  440. Efficiency optimization of class-D biomedical inductive wireless power transfer systems by means of frequency adjustment
    Schormans, Matthew; Valente, Virgilio; Demosthenous, Andreas;
    In 2015 37th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC),
    IEEE, pp. 5473--5476, August 2015. DOI: 10.1109/EMBC.2015.7319630
    document

  441. Design of a wideband CMOS impedance spectroscopy ASIC analog front-end for multichannel biosensor interfaces
    Valente, Virgilio; {Dai Jiang}; Demosthenous, Andreas;
    In 2015 37th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC),
    IEEE, pp. 885--888, August 2015. DOI: 10.1109/EMBC.2015.7318504
    document

  442. Output stage of a dynamic current steering deep brain stimulator
    Mohammed, Ameer; Valente, Virgilio; Bayford, Richard; Demosthenous, Andreas;
    In 2015 IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits, and Systems (ICECS),
    IEEE, pp. 81--84, December 2015. DOI: 10.1109/ICECS.2015.7440254
    document

  443. Live demonstration: A CMOS ASIC for precise reading of a Magnetoresistive sensor array for NDT
    Caetano, D.M.; Piedade, M.; Graca, J.; Fernandes, J.; Rosado, L.; Costa, T.;
    In Proceedings - IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    pp. 1906, 2015. DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS.2015.7169039

  444. A split transconductor high-speed SAR ADC
    D. G. Muratore; E. Bonizzoni; F. Maloberti;
    In IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    2015. DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS.2015.7169176
    document

  445. Very high-speed CMOS comparators for multi-GS/s A/D converters
    D. G. Muratore; A. Akdikmen; F. Maloberti;
    In IEEE Conference on Ph.D. Research in Microelectronics and Electronics (PRIME),
    2015.
    document

  446. Level-Crossing ADCs and Their Applications in Biomedical Readout Systems
    Yongjia Li;
    PhD thesis, Delft University of Technology, Section Bioelectronics, Dept. of Microelectronics, Faculty EEMCS, September 11 2015.
    document

  447. Flexible Active Electrode Arrays For Epidural Spinal Cord Stimulation
    Vasiliki Giagka;
    PhD thesis, University College London, Analogue and Biomedical Electronics Group, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, January, 28 2015.
    document

  448. Design of efficient and safe neural stimulators: a multidisciplinary approach
    Marijn N. van Dongen;
    PhD thesis, Delft University of Technology, Section Bioelectronics, April, 24 2015.
    document

  449. Analog Integrated Circuit and System Design for a Compact, Low-Power Cochlear Implant
    Wannaya Ngamkham;
    PhD thesis, Delft University of Technology, Section Bioelectronics, Dept. of Microelectronics, Faculty EEMCS, December 7 2015.
    document

  450. A level-crossing based QRS-detection algorithm for wearable ECG sensors
    Ravanshad, N., Rezaee-Dehsorkh, H.; R. Lotfi; Lian, Y.;
    IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics,
    Volume 18, Issue 1, pp. 183-192, 2014.

  451. Nonlinear signal-specific ADC for efficient neural recording in brain-machine interfaces
    Judy, M., Sodagar, A.M.; R. Lotfi; Sawan, M.;
    IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems,
    Volume 8, Issue 3, pp. 371-381, 2014.

  452. A low-power subthreshold to above-threshold voltage level shifter
    Hosseini, S.R., Saberi, M.; R. Lotfi;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs,
    Volume 61, Issue 10, pp. 753-757, 2014.

  453. Analysis and design of a low-voltage low-power double-tail comparator
    Babayan-Mashhadi, S.; R. Lotfi;
    IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems,
    Volume 22, Issue 2, pp. 343-352, 2014.

  454. A new approach to design safe and reliable electrical stimulator
    Moradi, S., Maghsoudloo, E.; R. Lotfi;
    International Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Technology,
    Volume 15, Issue 4, pp. 305-316, 2014.

  455. Segmented architecture for successive approximation analog-to-digital converters
    Saberi, M.; R. Lotfi;
    IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems,
    Volume 22, Issue 3, pp. 593-606, 2014.

  456. A 0.5-V, 2-nW, 55-dB DR, fourth-order bandpass filter using single branch biquads: an efficient design for FoM enhancement
    Chutham Sawigun; Wannaya Ngamkham; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    Microelectronics Journal,
    Volume 45, Issue 4, pp. 367?374, April 2014. ISSN 0026-2692.
    document
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mejo.2014.01.002

  457. A 90 nm-CMOS IR-UWB BPSK Transmitter With Spectrum Tunability to Improve Peaceful UWB-Narrowband Coexistence
    Sayed Vahid Mir-Moghtadaei; Ali Fotowat-Ahmady; Abolghasem Zeidaabadi Nezhad; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems-I: Regular Papers,
    Volume 61, Issue 6, pp. 1836-1848, June 2014. Digital Object Identifier: 10.1109/TCSI.2013.2290849.
    document

  458. A Frequency-Selective Broadband Low-Noise Amplifier With Double-Loop Transformer Feedback
    Sumit Bagga; Andre L. Mansano; Wouter A. Serdijn; John R. Long; Koen van Hartingsveldt; Kathleen Philips;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems-I: Regular Papers,
    Volume 61, Issue 6, pp. 1883-1891, June 2014. Digital Object Identifier: 10.1109/TCSI.2013.2295010.
    document

  459. Low-Dropout Voltage Source: An Alternative Approach for Low-Dropout Voltage Regulators
    Hamed Aminzadeh; Mohammad R. Nabavi; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems-II: Express Briefs,
    Volume 61, Issue 6, pp. 413-417, June 2014. Digital Object Identifier: 10.1109/TCSI.2013.2295010.
    document

  460. Efficacy of high frequency switched-mode stimulation in activating purkinje cells
    M. van Dongen; F. Hoebeek; S. Koekkoek; C. de Zeeuw; W. Serdijn;
    ArXiv.org,
    June 2014.
    document

  461. Co-Design of a CMOS Rectifier and Small Loop Antenna for Highly Sensitive RF Energy Harvesters
    Mark Stoopman; Shady Keyrouz; Hubregt J. Visser; Kathleen Philips; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits,
    Volume 49, Issue 3, pp. 622-634, March 2014. Digital Object Identifier: 10.1109/JSSC.2014.2302793.
    document

  462. An ECG Recording Front-End With Continuous-Time Level-Crossing Sampling
    Yongjia Li; Andre L. Mansano; Yuan Yuan; Duan Zhao; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems,
    2014. Digital Object Identifier: 10.1109/TBCAS.2014.2359183.
    document

  463. A Power-Efficient Multichannel Neural Stimulator Using High-Frequency Pulsed Excitation From an Unfiltered Dynamic Supply
    Marijn van Dongen; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems,
    2014. Digital Object Identifier: 10.1109/TBCAS.2014.2363736.
    document

  464. A Comparative Analysis of Phase-Domain ADC and Amplitude-Domain IQ ADC
    Yao Liu; Reza Lotfi; Yongchang Hu; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems-I: Regular Papers,
    2014. Digital Object Identifier: 10.1109/TCSI.2014.2374852.
    document

  465. Cerebellar control of gait and interlimb coordination
    Vinueza Veloz, M.F., Zhou, K., Bosman, L.W.J., Potters, J.-W., Negrello, M., Seepers, R.M.; Strydis, C.; Koekkoek, S.K.E., De Zeeuw, C.I.;
    Brain Structure and Function,
    Volume 220, Issue 6, pp. 3513-3536, 2014.
    document

  466. Real-time olivary neuron simulations on dataflow computing machines
    Smaragdos, G., Davies, C.; Strydis, C.; Sourdis, I., Ciobanu, C., Mencer, O., De Zeeuw, C.I.;
    Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics),
    Volume 8488 LNCS, pp. 487-497, 2014.
    document

  467. DeSyRe: On-demand adaptive and reconfigurable fault-tolerant SoCs
    Sourdis, I.; Strydis, C.; Armato, A., Bouganis, C.-S., Falsafi, B., Gaydadjiev, G.N., Isaza, S., Malek, A., Mariani, R., Pagliarini, S., Pnevmatikatos, D.N., Pradhan, D.K., Rauwerda, G., Seepers, R.M., Shafik, R.A., Smaragdos, G., Theodoropoulos, D.;
    Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics),
    Volume 8405 LNCS, pp. 312-317, 2014.
    document

  468. Towards scalable arithmetic units with graceful degradation
    Riemens, D.P., Gaydadjiev, G.N., De Zeeuw, C.I.; Strydis, C.;
    ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems,
    Volume 13, Issue 4, 2014.
    document

  469. A CMOS Smart Temperature and Humidity Sensor with Combined Readout
    Eder, Clemens; Valente, Virgilio; Donaldson, Nick; Demosthenous, Andreas;
    Sensors,
    Volume 14, Issue 9, pp. 17192--17211, September 2014. DOI: 10.3390/s140917192
    document

  470. A neuronal signal detector for biologically generated magnetic fields
    Costa, T.; Piedade, M.S.; Germano, J.; Amaral, J.; Freitas, P.P.;
    IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,
    Volume 63, Issue 5, pp. 1171-1180, 2014. DOI: 10.1109/TIM.2013.2296417

  471. Whole-transcriptome analysis of endothelial to hematopoietic stem cell transition reveals a requirement for Gpr56 in HSC generation
    Parham Solaimani Kartalaei*; Tomoko Yamada-Inagawa*; Chris S. Vink; Emma de Pater; Reinier van der Linden; Jonathon Marks-Bluth; Anthon van der Sloot; Mirjam van den Hout; Tomomasa Yokomizo; M. Lucila van Schaick-Solerno; Ruud Delwel; John E. Pimanda; Wilfred F.J. van IJcken; Elaine Dzierzak;
    Journal of Experimental Medicine,
    Volume 212, Issue 1, pp. 93--106, December 2014. DOI: 10.1084/jem.20140767
    document

  472. HIF1-Alpha is a Regulator of Hematopoietic Progenitor and Stem Cell Development in Hypoxic Sites of the Mouse Embryo
    Parisa Imanirad*; Parham Solaimani Kartalaei*; Mihaela Crisan*; Chris S. Vink; Tomoko Yamada-Inagawa; Emma de Pater; Dorota Kurek; Polynikis Kaimakis; Reiner van der Linden; Nancy Speck; Elaine Dzierzak;
    Stem Cell Research,
    Volume 12, Issue 1, pp. 24--35, January 2014. DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2013.09.006
    document

  473. MagnetoSperm: A microrobot that navigates using weak magnetic fields
    Khalil, Islam S. M.; Dijkslag, Herman C.; Abelmann, Leon; Misra, Sarthak;
    Applied Physics Letters,
    Volume 104, Issue 22, 2014. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1063/1.4880035
    Keywords: ... Cobalt; Flexible structures; Frequency response; Magnetic fields; Magnetic heads; Nickel; Average speed; Cobalt-nickel; Magnetic field line; Micro robots; Propulsion mechanisms; Propulsion system; Thrust forces; Weak magnetic fields; Propulsion.

    Abstract: ... In this work, a propulsion system similar in motion to a sperm-cell is investigated. This system consists of a structure resembling a sperm-cell with a magnetic head and a flexible tail of 42 μm and 280 μm in length, respectively. The thickness, length, and width of this structure are 5.2 μm, 322 μm, and 42 μm, respectively. The magnetic head includes a 200 nm-thick cobalt-nickel layer. The cobalt-nickel layer provides a dipole moment and allows the flexible structure to align along oscillating weak (less than 5mT) magnetic field lines, and hence generates a propulsion thrust force that overcomes the drag force. The frequency response of this system shows that the propulsion mechanism allows for swimming at an average speed of 158 ± 32 μm/s at alternating weak magnetic field of 45 Hz. In addition, we experimentally demonstrate controlled steering of the flexible structure towards reference positions. © 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.

    document

  474. Design and fabrication of in-plane AFM probes with sharp silicon nitride tips based on refilling of anisotropically etched silicon moulds
    Geerlings, J.; Sarajlic, E.; Berenschot, J. W.; Siekman, M. H.; Jansen, H. V.; Abelmann, L.; Tas, N. R.;
    Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering,
    Volume 24, Issue 10, 2014. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1088/0960-1317/24/10/105013
    Keywords: ... Electrostatic actuators; Silicon nitride; AFM probe; in-plane tip; KOH etching; Video rates; Atomic force microscopy.

    Abstract: ... In this paper a micromachining method for batch fabrication of in-plane atomic force microscope (AFM) probes that consist of a sharp silicon nitride tip on a monocrystalline silicon cantilever is presented. The tips are realized by conformal deposition of silicon nitride inside an anisotropically etched cavity inside a silicon wafer. The best measured radius of the sharp tips was 8 nm. Our fabrication method is fully compatible with silicon-on-insulator (SOI) micromachining, allowing a straightforward monolithic integration of the AFM probes with high-aspect-ratio monocrystalline silicon MEMS. The fabrication method allows for lateral cantilevers, which oscillate in the plane of the fabrication wafer. This allows for simple integration of micromechanical transducers, opening the way towards dedicated probes for high speed AFMs. To demonstrate the innovation potential of this method, three different probe designs were fabricated: a plane passive AFM probe, a probe with integrated electrostatic actuator, and a probe which allows scanning on vertical sidewalls. The passive probes were successfully tested in a commercial AFM set-up. Correct operation of the probes with integrated actuator was demonstrated by actuation under a laser vibrometer. © 2014 IOP Publishing Ltd.

    document

  475. Controllable elastocapillary folding of three-dimensional micro-objects by through-wafer filling
    Legrain, A.; Janson, T. G.; Berenschot, J. W.; Abelmann, L.; Tas, N. R.;
    Journal of Applied Physics,
    Volume 115, Issue 21, 2014. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1063/1.4878460
    Keywords: ... Physical properties; Physics; 3D microstructures; Bending stiffness; Fabrication process; Folded structures; Folding modeling; Hydro-mechanical; Micro-objects; Pumping systems; Silicon nitride.

    Abstract: ... We present a technique for the controllable capillary folding of planar silicon nitride templates into 3D micro-structures by means of through-wafer liquid application. We demonstrate for the first time hydro-mechanical, repeatable, actuation of capillary folded structures via the addition or retraction of water on demand. Silicon nitride objects with a central through-wafer tube are connected to a dedicated pumping system to enable assembly. When remaining wetted, structures can be assembled and reopened up to several dozens of times and still reach the same final folding angle. Objects were actuated up to 60 times without signs of wear. Extracted curves from our self-folding experiments are in agreement with our two-dimensional elastocapillary folding model. When structures are allowed to dry in between foldings, we observe an increase in the bending stiffness of the hinges, by a factor 50% after first folding and subsequent drying. This stiffening causes a decrease of the finally achieved angle. Residue from the fabrication process found on the structures after folding is suspected to be the cause of the stiffening. © 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.

    document

  476. Ultra-flat bismuth films for diamagnetic levitation by template-stripping
    Kokorian, J.; Engelen, J. B. C.; De Vries, J.; Nazeer, H.; Woldering, L. A.; Abelmann, L.;
    Thin Solid Films,
    Volume 550, pp. 298 – 304, 2014. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1016/j.tsf.2013.11.074
    Keywords: ... Atomic force microscopy; Crystal structure; Deposition; Elastic moduli; Surface roughness; X ray diffraction; Average surface roughness; C-axis orientations; Diamagnetic levitation; Peak-to-peak values; Polycrystalline textures; Template stripping; X-ray diffraction measurements; Young's Modulus; Bismuth.

    Abstract: ... In this paper we present a method to deposit thin films of bismuth with sub-nanometer surface roughness for application to diamagnetic levitation. Evaporated films of bismuth have a high surface roughness with peak to peak values in excess of 100 nm and average values on the order of 20 nm. We expose the smooth backside of the films using a template stripping method, resulting in a great reduction of the average surface roughness, to 0.8 nm. Atomic force microscope and X-ray diffraction measurements show that the films have a polycrystalline texture with preferential c-axis orientation. On the back side of the film, fine grains are grouped into larger clusters. Cantilever resonance shift measurements indicate that the Young's modulus of the films is on the order of 20 GPa. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.

    document

  477. Magnetic-based motion control of paramagnetic microparticles with disturbance compensation
    Khalil, Islam S. M.; Abelmann, Leon; Misra, Sarthak;
    IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,
    Volume 50, Issue 10, 2014. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/TMAG.2014.2323940
    Keywords: ... Disturbance compensation; Disturbance force; Magnetic; Micro manipulation; Model mismatch; Radio.

    Abstract: ... Magnetic systems have the potential to control the motion of microparticles and microrobots during targeted drug delivery. During their manipulation, a nominal magnetic force-current map is usually derived and used as a basis of the control system design. However, the inevitable mismatch between the nominal and actual force-current maps along with external disturbances affects the positioning accuracy of the motion control system. In this paper, we devise a control system that allows for the realization of the nominal magnetic force-current map and the point-to-point positioning of paramagnetic microparticles. This control is accomplished by estimating and rejecting the 2-D disturbance forces using an inner loop based on a disturbance force observer. In addition, an outer loop is utilized to achieve stable dynamics of the overall magnetic system. The control system is implemented on a magnetic system for controlling microparticles of paramagnetic material, which experience magnetic forces that are related to the gradient of the field-squared. We evaluate the performance of our control system by analyzing the transient- and steady-state characteristics of the controlled microparticle for two cases. The first case is done without estimating and rejecting the mismatch and the disturbance forces, whereas the second case is done while compensating for these disturbance forces. We do not only obtain 17% faster response during the transient state, but we are also able to achieve 23% higher positioning accuracy in the steady state for the second case (compensating disturbance forces). Although the focus of this paper is on the wireless magnetic-based control of paramagnetic microparticle, the presented control system is general and can be adapted to control microrobots. © 2014 IEEE.

    document

  478. EMI-Resilient Amplifier Circuits
    Marcel J. van der Horst; Wouter A. Serdijn; Andre C. Linnenbank;
    Springer, , 2014. ISBN 978-3-319-00592-8.
    document

  479. Ultra Low-Power Biomedical Signal Processing: an analog wavelet filter approach for pacemakers (in Chinese)
    Sandro A.P. Haddad; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    Xi?an Jiaotong University Press (in collaboration with Springer), , Oct. 2014. ISBN:978-7-560-56777-8 978-7-560-56777-8.
    document

  480. Magnetic manipulation of bacteria in microfluidics
    Pichel, Marc P.; Hageman, Tijmen A. G.; Altmeyer, Matthias O.; Abelmann, Leon; Manz, Andreas;
    conference, 2014.
    Keywords: ... Bacteria; Dynamic models; Magnetic field measurement; Magnetic fields; Magnetism; Alternating directions; Field strengths; Magnetic manipulation; Magnetotactic Bacteria; Microfluidic channel; Microfluidics.

    Abstract: ... We measured for the first time the U-turn trajectory of individual magneto-tactic bacteria (MTB) under reversal of the magnetic field, as a function of the field strength. The measurement was performed using shallow 5 micrometer deep microfluidic channels and a setup which allowed for magnetic fields with rapid alternating directions at varying magnitudes up to 60 mT. © 14CBMS.

    document

  481. Electrospray deposition from AFM probes with nanoscale apertures
    Geerlings, J.; Sarajlic, E.; Berenschot, J. W.; Sanders, R. G. P.; Abelmann, L.; Tas, N. R.;
    conference, 2014. DOI: 10.1109/MEMSYS.2014.6765583
    Keywords: ... Atomic force microscopy; Deposition; Drops; Electric fields; MEMS; Spray nozzles; Capillary nozzle; Droplet deposition; Electrospray deposition; External pressures; Fluorocarbon coatings; Fully integrated; High electric fields; Nano-scale aperture; Probes.

    Abstract: ... Electrospray deposition utilizes a high electric field to extract liquid droplets from a capillary nozzle. In this contribution we demonstrate non-contact droplet deposition by electrospray from atomic force microscopy (AFM) probes with a fully integrated microfluidic system, so called FluidFM probes. Electrospray experiments were performed using probes with a pyramidal tip with a sub-micron size aperture in a dedicated setup. The onset voltage as function of the gap between the probe tip and the substrate was measured and compared with a numerical model. Onset voltages in the range 360-410 V were found at 8.5 μm gap height. We observed a reduction in onset voltage with an increase in external pressure. Wetting of the outside of the tip could be reduced by applying a fluorocarbon coating. © 2014 IEEE.

    document

  482. Wafer-scale fabrication of scanning thermal probes with integrated metal nanowire resistive elements for sensing and heating
    Hatakeyama, K.; Sarajlic, E.; Siekman, M. H.; Jalabert, L.; Fujita, H.; Tas, N.; Abelmann, L.;
    conference, 2014. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/MEMSYS.2014.6765840
    Keywords: ... Atomic force microscopy; Electric properties; Infrared imaging; MEMS; Microelectrodes; Nanocantilevers; Nanowires; Scanning; Silicon nitride; Thermoanalysis; Corner lithography; Localized thermal analysis; Micro-thermal analysis; Of thermal phenomenon; Platinum nanowires; Resistive elements; Scanning thermal microscopy; Wafer scale fabrication; Probes.

    Abstract: ... Scanning Thermal Microscopy (SThM) and micro-thermal analysis allow the study of thermal phenomena at micro-and nanoscale. We present a novel scanning resistive probe aimed for thermal imaging and localized thermal analysis. The probe features an AFM cantilever with a sharp pyramidal tip. Metal nanowires are integrated at the inner edges of the pyramidal tip forming an electrical cross-junction at the apex. The nanometer-sized cross-junction, addressable through microelectrodes, can be utilized both as a local temperature sensor and a heater. We have fabricated a first prototype of the probe with a 150 μm long, 36 μm wide and 0.5 μm thick silicon nitride cantilever. Platinum nanowires, 300 nm wide and 100 nm thick, are successfully integrated using a wafer-scale fabrication process based on corner lithography. We have experimentally characterized electrical and thermal properties of the probe demonstrating its proper functioning. © 2014 IEEE.

    document

  483. Geometrically programmable bidirectional pump using rotating magnetic microspheres
    Van Den Beld, Wesley T. E.; Cadena, Natalia L.; De Weerd, Eddy L.; Abelmann, Leon; Bomer, Johan G.; Van Den Berg, Albert; Eijkel, Jan C. T.;
    conference, 2014.
    Keywords: ... Degrees of freedom (mechanics); Magnetism; Mathematical programming; Microchannels; Microspheres; Nickel alloys; Nonvolatile storage; Optical pumping; Pumps; Bidirectional pumping; Geometric programming; Magnetic microspheres; Permalloy; Rotating; Rotating magnetic fields; Rotation directions; Rotational frequency; Rotating disks.

    Abstract: ... We report geometrically programmable bidirectional pumping in microchannels using magnetic microspheres which rotate around magnetic disks under influence of an external rotating magnetic field. Geometric programming of the pumping direction is obtained by locating the magnetic disks on the inside or the outside curve of a microchannel as shown in Figure 1. A second degree of freedom in pumping direction is offered by the rotation direction of the external field. Pumping rate is controlled by the rotational frequency. © 14CBMS.

    document

  484. Vacuum performance and control of a MEMS stage with integrated thermal position sensor
    Krijnen, B.; Brouwer, D. M.; Abelmann, L.; Herder, J. L.;
    conference, 2014.
    Keywords: ... Damping; Electrostatic actuators; Nanotechnology; Position control; Precision engineering; Q factor measurement; Comb drive; Control stability; Lower pressures; MEMS stage; Position sensors; Q-factors; Sensor response; Vacuum pressure; Thermal conductivity.

    Abstract: ... A flexure-based MEMS stage with electrostatic actuators and an integrated thermal position sensor was designed and fabricated. Both the thermal conductivity and the viscosity of air decrease for lower pressure. This was measured as a lower sensor response and higher Q-factor of the MEMS stage. For the first time, we considered the control stability of a MEMS stage as a function of decreasing pressure. We conclude that stable position control of the stage is possible for vacuum pressures down to 1 mbar.

    document

  485. Introduction to RF Energy Harvesting
    W.A. Serdijn; A.L.R. Mansano; M. Stoopman;
    In WEARABLE SENSORS: Fundamentals, Implementation and Applications,
    Academic Press (Elsevier), Aug. 2014. ISBN : 978-0-12-418662-0.
    document

  486. Evaluation and optimization of the mechanical strength of bonds between metal foil and aluminium pads on thin ASICs using gold ball studs as micro-rivets
    Vasiliki Giagka; Anne Vanhoestenberghe; Nick Donaldson; Andreas Demosthenous;
    In Proc. Electronics System-Integration Technology Conference,
    Helsinki, Finland, IEEE, pp. 1 - 5, September 2014.
    document

  487. Controlled silicon IC thinning on individual die level for active implant integration using a purely mechanical process
    Vasiliki Giagka; Nooshin Saeidi; Andreas Demosthenous; Nick Donaldson;
    In Proc. 64th Electronic Components and Technology Conference,
    Orlando, Florida, USA, IEEE, pp. 2213 - 2219, May 2014.
    document

  488. A model in predicting color of LED packages with different phosphor layer dimensions
    Wong, CKY; Leung, SYY; Xiong, YJ; Yuan, CCA; Kouchi Zhang;
    In Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Thermal, Mechanical and Multi-Physics Simulation and Experiments in Microelectronics and Microsystems,
    pp. 1-5, 2014.

  489. Absence Seizures Stopped by Closed-Loop Activation of Cerebellar Output
    Lieke Kros, Oscar H.J. Eelkman Rooda, Jochen Spanke, Parimala Alva; Marijn N. van Dongen; Thanasis Karapatis, Else A. Tolner; Christos Strydis, Neil Davey, Beerend H. Winkelman, Mario Negrello; Wouter A. Serdijn, Volker Steuber, Arn M.J.M. van;
    In Federation of European Neuroscience Societies (FENS) Forum of Neuroscience 2014,
    Milan, Italy, July 5-9 2014.

  490. Signal Quality in Dry Electrode EEG and the Relation to Skin-electrode Contact Impedance Magnitude
    Alexandra-Maria Tautan; Vojkan Mihajlovic; Yun-Hsuan Chen; Bernard Grundlehner; Julien Penders; Wouter Serdijn;
    In Proc. 7th International Conference on Biomedical Electronics and Devices (Biodevices),
    Eseo, Angers, France, March 3-6 2014.
    document

  491. A 5b 12.9 uW Charge-Redistribution Phase Domain ADC for Low Power FSK/PSK Demodulation
    Yao Liu; Duan Zhao; Yongjia Li; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In proc. European Solid-State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC),
    Venice, Italy, Sept. 22-26 2014.
    document

  492. A 13.56/402 MHz Autonomous Wireless Sensor Node with -18.2 dBm Sensitivity and Temperature Monitoring in 0.18 um CMOS
    Andre L.R. Mansano; Sumit Bagga; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In proc. European Solid-State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC),
    Venice, Italy, Sept. 22-26 2014.
    document

  493. An Asynchronous Event-Driven Data Transmitter for Wireless ECG Sensor Nodes
    Andre L. Mansano; Yongjia Li; Sumit Bagga; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In proc. Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS),
    Lausanne, Switzerland, Oct. 22-24 2014.
    document

  494. An implementation of a wavelet-based seizure detection filter suitable for realtime closed-loop epileptic seizure suppression
    Marijn N. van Dongen, A. Karapatis, L. Kros, O.H.J. Eelkman Rooda, R.M. Seepers, C. Strydis, C.I. de Zeeuw, F.E. Hoebeek; W.A. Serdijn;
    In proc. Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS),
    Lausanne, Switzerland, Oct. 22-24 2014.
    document

  495. Optical Waveguide with Freestanding Grating Couplers
    Y. Xin; A. Purniawan; G. Pandraud; L. Pakula; P. J. French;
    In IEEE Photonics Conference,
    Twente, the Netherlands, IEEE, Nov 2014.

  496. Microfabrication and characterization of single-mask silicon microlens arrays for the IR spectra
    P.N.A. Belmonte; D.W. de Lima Monteiro; R.F. de Oliveira Costa; P.J. French; G. Pandraud;
    In Micro-optics 2014,
    Brussels, Belgium, SPIE, pp. 1-7, Apr 2014.

  497. Simulation of Bio-medical Waveguide in Mechanical and Optical Fields
    Y. Xin; A. Purniawan; L. Pakula; G. Pandraud; P. J. French;
    In The COMSOL Conference,
    Cambridge, UK, COMSOL, Sep 2014.

  498. A freestanding thin film evanescent waveguide sensor for biomedical application
    Y. Xin; S.A. van’t Hof; A. Purniawan; L.S. Pakula; G. Pandraud; P.J. Trimp; P.J. French;
    In Sensor Technology Conference Sense of Contact,
    The Netherlands, March 2014.

  499. FPGA-based biophysically-meaningful modeling of olivocerebellar neurons
    Smaragdos, G., Isaza, S., Van Eijk, M., Sourdis, I.; Strydis, C.;
    In ACM/SIGDA International Symposium on Field Programmable Gate Arrays - FPGA,
    pp. 89-98, 2014.
    document

  500. Special session on 'brain-targeted and brain-inspired computing'
    Strydis, C.;
    In Proceedings - International Conference on Embedded Computer Systems: Architectures, Modeling and Simulation, SAMOS 2014,
    pp. 358, 2014.
    document

  501. Adaptive entity-identifier generation for IMD emergency access
    Seepers, R.M.; Strydis, C.; Sourdis, I., De Zeeuw, C.I.;
    In ACM International Conference Proceeding Series,
    pp. 41-44, 2014.
    document

  502. Optimal mapping of inferior olive neuron simulations on the Single-Chip Cloud Computer
    Rodopoulos, D., Chatzikonstantis, G., Pantelopoulos, A., Soudris, D., De Zeeuw, C.I.; Strydis, C.;
    In Proceedings - International Conference on Embedded Computer Systems: Architectures, Modeling and Simulation, SAMOS 2014,
    pp. 367-374, 2014.
    document

  503. A dependable coarse-grain reconfigurable multicore array
    Smaragdos, G., Khan, D.A., Sourdis, I.; Strydis, C.; Malek, A., Tzilis, S.;
    In Proceedings of the International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium, IPDPS,
    pp. 141-150, 2014.
    document

  504. A probabilistic analysis of resilient reconfigurable designs
    Malek, A., Tzilis, S., Khan, D.A., Sourdis, I., Smaragdos, G.; Strydis, C.;
    In Proceedings - IEEE International Symposium on Defect and Fault Tolerance in VLSI Systems,
    pp. 141-146, 2014.
    document

  505. Peak misdetection in heart-beat-based security: Characterization and tolerance
    Seepers, R.M.; Strydis, C.; Peris-Lopez, P., Sourdis, I., De Zeeuw, C.I.;
    In 2014 36th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC 2014,
    pp. 5401-5405, 2014.
    document

  506. Low-voltage low-power Gm-C filters: A modified configuration for improving performance
    Fahmideh Akbarian, S.M.; R. Lotfi; Maymandi-Nejad, M.;
    Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing,
    Volume 74, Issue 1, pp. 297-302, 2013.

  507. A High Efficiency Orthogonally Switching Passive Charge Pump Rectifier for Energy Harvesters
    Andre Mansano; Sumit Bagga; Wouter Serdijn;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems-I: Regular Papers,
    Volume 60, Issue 7, pp. 1959-1966, July 2013. Digital Object Identifier: 10.1109/TCSI.2012.2230499.
    document

  508. Hybrid cascode feedforward compensation for nano-scale low-power ultra-area-efficient three-stage amplifiers
    H. Aminzadeh; M. Danaie; W.A. Serdijn;
    Microelectronics Journal,
    Sept. 10 2013. ISSN 0026-2692.
    document
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mejo.2013.08.004

  509. A Sub-Microwatt Asynchronous Level-Crossing ADC for Biomedical Applications
    Yongjia Li; D. Zhao; W.A. Serdijn;
    IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems,
    Volume 7, Issue 2, pp. 149-157, April 2013.
    document

  510. Equivalent Thevenin and Norton Kirchhoff circuits of a receiving antenna
    De Hoop, A.; Stoopman, M.; Serdijn, W.; Lager, I.;
    IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters,
    Volume 12, pp. 1627-1629, 2013. Digital Object Identifier: 10.1109/LAWP.2013.2293351.
    document

  511. Reliable inkjet-printed interconnections on foil type Li-ion batteries
    N.B. Palacios Aguilera; H.A. Visser; A. Sridhar; U. Balda-Irurzun; L.D. Vargas Llona; J. Zhou; R. Akkerman; P.J. French; A. Bossche;
    IEEE Transactions on Device and Materials Reliability,
    Volume 13, Issue 1, pp. 136-145, 2013.

  512. Integration of TMR sensors in silicon microneedles for magnetic measurements of neurons
    Amaral, J.; Pinto, V.; Costa, T.; Gaspar, J.; Ferreira, R.; Paz, E.; Cardoso, S.; Freitas, P.P.;
    IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,
    Volume 49, Issue 7, pp. 3512-3515, 2013. DOI: 10.1109/TMAG.2013.2239274

  513. Measuring brain activity with magnetoresistive sensors integrated in micromachined probe needles
    Amaral, J.; Gaspar, J.; Pinto, V.; Costa, T.; Sousa, N.; Cardoso, S.; Freitas, P.;
    Applied Physics A: Materials Science and Processing,
    Volume 111, Issue 2, pp. 407-412, 2013. DOI: 10.1007/s00339-013-7621-7

  514. Gata2 is Required for HSC Generation and Survival
    Emma de Pater; Polynikis Kaimakis; Chris S. Vink; Tomomasa Yokomizo; Tomoko Yamada-Inagawa; Reinier van der Linden; Parham Solaimani Kartalaei; Sally A. Camper; Nancy Speck; Elaine Dzierzak;
    Journal of Experimental Medicine,
    Volume 210, Issue 13, pp. 2843--2850, December 2013. DOI: 10.1084/jem.20130751
    document

  515. Design parameters for voltage-controllable directed assembly of single nanoparticles
    Porter, Benjamin F.; Abelmann, Leon; Bhaskaran, Harish;
    Nanotechnology,
    Volume 24, Issue 40, 2013. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/24/40/405304
    Keywords: ... Assembly; Electric fields; Gating and feeding; Surface plasmon resonance; Assembly process; Design parameters; Directed assembly; Nano-assemblies; Nano-manufacturing; Nonlinear poisson-boltzmann equation; Optimum design parameters; Single nanoparticle; Nanoparticles.

    Abstract: ... Techniques to reliably pick-and-place single nanoparticles into functional assemblies are required to incorporate exotic nanoparticles into standard electronic circuits. In this paper we explore the use of electric fields to drive and direct the assembly process, which has the advantage of being able to control the nano-assembly process at the single nanoparticle level. To achieve this, we design an electrostatic gating system, thus enabling a voltage-controllable nanoparticle picking technique. Simulating this system with the nonlinear Poisson-Boltzmann equation, we can successfully characterize the parameters required for single particle placement, the key being single particle selectivity, in effect designing a system that can achieve this controllably. We then present the optimum design parameters required for successful single nanoparticle placement at ambient temperature, an important requirement for nanomanufacturing processes. © 2013 IOP Publishing Ltd.

    document

  516. Energy barrier versus switching field for patterned Co80Pt 20 alloy and Co/Pt multilayer films
    de Vries, Jeroen; Bolhuis, Thijs; Abelmann, Leon;
    Journal of Applied Physics,
    Volume 113, Issue 17, 2013. DOI: 10.1063/1.4801399
    Keywords: ... Alloys; Energy barriers; Magnetic materials; Multilayer films; Multilayers; Anomalous hall effects; Co/Pt multilayer; Ion beam etching; Laser interference lithography; Magnetic island; Magnetic layers; Switching field distribution; Thermal switching; Switching.

    Abstract: ... Two Co/Pt multilayer samples have been fabricated with a difference in the number of bilayers, leading to a total magnetic layer thickness of 3 nm and 20 nm. From these films, large arrays of magnetic islands have been patterned using laser interference lithography and ion beam etching. We have investigated the switching field distribution (SFD) of approximately 80 islands and thermal switching field distribution SFDT of individual islands of both samples using the anomalous Hall effect. We compare the results of these measurements with the (SFDT) of a previously investigated alloy with a magnetic layer thickness of 20 nm by comparing the results of over 1000 hysteresis loops of a single weak island and a single strong island. We found that that the energy barrier for the multilayer islands increases with increasing switching field, whereas it was previously found that the energy barrier for the alloy stays constant with varying switching fields. When comparing the two multilayer samples, we observe that the grain size, anisotropy, and switching field distribution are more or less independent on thickness, whereas the switching field at both 0 K and 300 K decreases with film thickness. © 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.

    document

  517. Nanopositioner actuator energy cost and performance
    Engelen, Johan B. C.; Khatib, Mohammed G.; Abelmann, Leon; Elwenspoek, Miko C.;
    Sensors and Actuators, A: Physical,
    Volume 199, pp. 353 – 365, 2013. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2013.05.020
    Keywords: ... Actuators; Analytical models; Electrodynamics; Electrostatics; Energy efficiency; Energy utilization; MEMS; Models; Probes; Virtual storage; Comb-drive actuator; Electrodynamic actuators; Electrostatic comb drives; Energy cost; Energy efficient; High-acceleration; Nano-positioner; Nanopositioners; Electrostatic actuators.

    Abstract: ... We investigate the energy consumption and seek-time performance of different actuator types for nanopositioners, with emphasis on their use in a parallel-probe-based data-storage system. Analytical models are derived to calculate the energy consumption and performance of electrodynamic (coil and permanent magnet) and comb-drive actuators. The equations are used to simulate the operation of probe-storage devices with these actuator types under a realistic file system load. The electrostatic comb-drive actuators are more energy efficient than the electrodynamic actuators, by an order of magnitude for slow movements and a factor of 2.5 for high-acceleration movements. Overall in a probe-storage device, comb-drive actuation is a factor of 3.3 more energy efficient than electrodynamic actuation, at the same level of performance. The analytical model presented in this work can be used to direct the optimization of nanopositioners and their use, for example, in terms of the data layout on the medium and the 'shutdown' policy of probe-storage devices. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.

    document

  518. Controllable elastocapillary folding of silicon nitride 3D structures by through-wafer filling
    Legrain, A.; Janson, T. G.; Berenschot, J. W.; Krijnen, G. J. M.; Abelmann, L.; Tas, N. R.;
    conference, 2013. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/NEMS.2013.6559787
    Keywords: ... Three dimensional; 3D microstructures; 3D Structure; Folded structures; Hydro-mechanical; On demands; Silicon nitride.

    Abstract: ... We present the controllable capillary folding of planar silicon nitride templates into 3D micro-structures by means of through-wafer liquid application. We demonstrate for the first time hydro-mechanical, repeatable, actuation of capillary folded structures via addition or retraction of water on demand. © 2013 IEEE.

    document

  519. Control of magnetotactic bacterium in a micro-fabricated maze
    Khalil, Islam S. M.; Pichel, Marc P.; Reefman, Bart A.; Sukas, Ozlem Sardan; Abelmann, Leon; Misra, Sarthak;
    conference, 2013. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/ICRA.2013.6631367
    Keywords: ... Bacteria; Closed loop control systems; Control systems; Fabrication; Channel wall; Channel widths; Closed-loop control; Magnetotactic Bacteria; Manipulation system; Positioning accuracy; Steady state; Robotics.

    Abstract: ... We demonstrate the closed-loop control of a magnetotactic bacterium (MTB), i.e., Magnetospirillum magnetotacticum, within a micro-fabricated maze using a magnetic-based manipulation system. The effect of the channel wall on the motion of the MTB is experimentally analyzed. This analysis is done by comparing the characteristics of the transient- and steady-states of the controlled MTB inside and outside a micro-fabricated maze. In this analysis, the magnetic dipole moment of our MTB is characterized using a motile technique (the u-turn technique), then used in the realization of a closed-loop control system. This control system allows the MTB to reach reference positions within a micro-fabricated maze with a channel width of 10 μm, at a velocity of 8 μm/s. Further, the control system positions the MTB within a region-of-convergence of 10 μm in diameter. Due to the effect of the channel wall, we observe that the velocity and the positioning accuracy of the MTB are decreased and increased by 71% and 44%, respectively. © 2013 IEEE.

    document

  520. Magnetic control of potential microrobotic drug delivery systems: Nanoparticles, magnetotactic bacteria and self-propelled microjets
    Khalil, Islam S. M.; Magdanz, Veronika; Sanchez, Samuel; Schmidt, Oliver G.; Abelmann, Leon; Misra, Sarthak;
    conference, 2013. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/EMBC.2013.6610745
    Keywords: ... Bacteria; Drug Delivery Systems; Ferric Compounds; Magnetic Fields; Magnetic Phenomena; Motion; Nanoparticles; Robotics; Bacteria; Drug delivery; Jets; Magnetic fields; Motion control; Nanoparticles; ferric ion; ferric oxide; nanoparticle; Drug delivery system; Iron oxide nanoparticle; Magnetic field gradient; Magnetic microrobots; Magnetotactic Bacteria; Motion controller; Point-to-point motion; Targeted drug delivery systems; bacterium; chemistry; drug delivery system; magnetic field; magnetism; metabolism; motion; procedures; robotics; ultrastructure; Nanomagnetics.

    Abstract: ... Development of targeted drug delivery systems using magnetic microrobots increases the therapeutic indices of drugs. These systems have to be incorporated with precise motion controllers. We demonstrate closed-loop motion control of microrobots under the influence of controlled magnetic fields. Point-to-point motion control of a cluster of iron oxide nanoparticles (diameter of 250 nm) is achieved by pulling the cluster towards a reference position using magnetic field gradients. Magnetotactic bacterium (MTB) is controlled by orienting the magnetic fields towards a reference position. MTB with membrane length of 5 μm moves towards the reference position using the propulsion force generated by its flagella. Similarly, self-propelled microjet with length of 50 μm is controlled by directing the microjet towards a reference position by external magnetic torque. The microjet moves along the field lines using the thrust force generated by the ejecting oxygen bubbles from one of its ends. Our control system positions the cluster of nanoparticles, an MTB and a microjet at an average velocity of 190 μm/s, 28 μm/s, 90 μm/s and within an average region-of-convergence of 132 μm, 40 μm, 235 μm, respectively. © 2013 IEEE.

    document

  521. A dedicated electrode driving ASIC for epidural spinal cord stimulation in rats
    Vasiliki Giagka; Clemens Eder; Virgilio Valente; Anne Vanhoestenberghe; Nick Donaldson; Andreas Demosthenous;
    In Proc. 20th International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems,
    Abu Dhabi, UAE, IEEE, pp. 469 - 472, December 2013.
    document

  522. In vivo evaluation and failure analysis of an implantable electrode array for epidural spinal cord stimulation in paralysed rats
    Vasiliki Giagka; Anne Vanhoestenberghe; Nick Donaldson; Andreas Demosthenous;
    In imaps-uk Annual Conference MicroTech 2013 Showcasing Microassembly,
    Cambridge, UK, pp. 1, March 2013.

  523. Pressure ulcer risk assessment by monitoring interface pressure and temperature
    Fard, F.D., Moghimi, S.; R. Lotfi;
    In 2013 21st Iranian Conference on Electrical Engineering, ICEE 2013,
    2013.

  524. Analysis of power in dynamic comparators
    Babayan-Mashhadi, S., Daliri, M.; R. Lotfi;
    In 2013 21st Iranian Conference on Electrical Engineering, ICEE 2013,
    2013.

  525. Detailed study of the time estimation in level-crossing analog-to-digital converters
    Ravanshad, N., Rezaee-Dehsorkh, H.; R. Lotfi;
    In 2013 21st Iranian Conference on Electrical Engineering, ICEE 2013,
    2013.

  526. Modified structures for power-efficient level translators
    Hosseini, S.R., Rahiminejad, E.; R. Lotfi;
    In 2013 21st Iranian Conference on Electrical Engineering, ICEE 2013,
    2013.

  527. Li-Ion charger circuit for implantable pulse generator
    R.C. van Dongen; S. Hiseni; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Book of Abstracts, 4th Dutch Conference on Bio-Medical Engineering (BME),
    Egmond aan Zee, the Netherlands, Jan. 24-25 2013.

  528. An additive instantaneously companding neural readout system for cochlear implants
    Cees-Jeroen Bes; Wouter A. Serdijn; Jeroen J. Briaire; Johan H.M. Frijns;
    In Book of Abstracts, 4th Dutch Conference on Bio-Medical Engineering (BME),
    Egmond aan Zee, the Netherlands, Jan. 24-25 2013.

  529. A 60 dB linear integrated sub-Hz high-pass frequency reponse for an ExG readout system
    Senad Hiseni; Rachit Mohan; Wouter Serdijn;
    In Book of Abstracts, 4th Dutch Conference on Bio-Medical Engineering (BME),
    Egmond aan Zee, the Netherlands, Jan. 24-25 2013.

  530. A low noise amplifier with optimally mismatched antenna interface for wireless in-body area network applications
    Yao Liu; Wouter Serdijn;
    In Book of Abstracts, 4th Dutch Conference on Bio-Medical Engineering (BME),
    Egmond aan Zee, the Netherlands, Jan. 24-25 2013.

  531. A charge balanced biphasic stimulator circuit for cochlear implants
    Wannaya Ngamkham; Marijn van Dongen; Wouter Serdijn;
    In Book of Abstracts, 4th Dutch Conference on Bio-Medical Engineering (BME),
    Egmond aan Zee, the Netherlands, Jan. 24-25 2013.

  532. Efficient and MRI compatible voltage up-converter for fully implantable neurodevices
    Chi Wing Wu; Senad Hiseni; Wouter Serdijn;
    In Book of Abstracts, 4th Dutch Conference on Bio-Medical Engineering (BME),
    Egmond aan Zee, the Netherlands, Jan. 24-25 2013.

  533. A power efficient and reliable neurostimulator system operating at very high frequency
    Marijn van Dongen; Wouter Serdijn;
    In Book of Abstracts, 4th Dutch Conference on Bio-Medical Engineering (BME),
    Egmond aan Zee, the Netherlands, Jan. 24-25 2013. This presentation (by Marijn) received the best presentation award at the conference.

  534. A Highly Linear, Sigma-Delta Based, Sub-Hz High-Pass Filtered ExG Readout System
    Rachit Mohan; Senad Hiseni; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Beijing, China, IEEE, May 19-23 2013.
    document

  535. A Switched-Mode Multichannel Neural Stimulator with a Minimum Number of External Components
    Marijn van Dongen; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Beijing, China, IEEE, May 19-23 2013.
    document

  536. An LNA with Optimally Mismatched Antenna Interface for Energy Harvesting Sensor Nodes
    Yao Liu; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Beijing, China, IEEE, May 19-23 2013.
    document

  537. Framework for Evaluating EEG Signal Quality of Dry Electrode Recordings
    Alexandra-Maria Tautan; Wouter Serdijn; Vojkan Mihajlovic; Bernard Grundlehner; Julien Penders;
    In Proc. Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS 2013),
    Rotterdam, the Netherlands, IEEE, pp. 186-189, Oct. 31 - Nov. 2013.
    document

  538. A 39 dB DR CMOS Log-Amp RF Power Detector with +/-1.1 dB Temperature Drift from -40 to 85 degrees C
    Eric Muijs; Paulo Silva; Arie van Staveren; Wouter Serdijn;
    In Proc. 39th European Solid-State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC),
    Bucharest, Romania, IEEE, pp. 287-290, Sept. 13-16 2013.
    document

  539. An improved system approach towards future cochlear implants
    N.S. Lawand; W. Ngamkham; G. Nazarian; P.J. French; W.A. Serdijn; G.N. Gaydadjiev; J.J. Briaire; J.H.M. Frijns;
    In Proc. 35th Annual International Conference of the IEEE EMBS (EMBC),
    Osaka, Japan, IEEE, pp. 5163-5166, July 3-7 2013.
    document

  540. Co-design of a 90 nm CMOS rectifier and small loop antenna for large range RF energy harvesters
    Stoopman, M.; Keyrouz, S.; Visser, H.J.; Philips, K.; Serdijn, W.A;
    In Meeting Abstract: Progress In Electromagnetics Research Symposium (PIERS 2013),
    Stockholm, Sweden, Aug. 12-15 2013.

  541. Wireless Energy Harvester with a Switching Passive Charge Pump Rectifier
    Andre L.R. Mansano; Wouter Serdijn;
    In Meeting Abstract: Progress In Electromagnetics Research Symposium (PIERS 2013),
    Stockholm, Sweden, Aug. 12-15 2013.

  542. A Self-Calibrating RF Energy Harvester generating 1V at -26.3 dBm
    M. Stoopman; S. Keyrouz; H.J. Visser; K. Philips; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. 2013 Symposium on VLSI Circuits,
    Kyoto, Japan, IEEE, pp. C226-C227, June 11-14 2013.
    document

  543. A transistor-only power-efficient high-frequency voltage-mode stimulator for a multichannel system
    Marijn N. van Dongen; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS 2013),
    Rotterdam, the Netherlands, IEEE, pp. 93-96, Oct. 31 - Nov. 2013.
    document

  544. A 0.8V 8-Bit Low-Power Asynchronous Level-Crossing ADC with Programmable Comparison Windows
    Yongjia Li; Duan Zhao; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS 2013),
    Rotterdam, the Netherlands, IEEE, pp. 138-141, Oct. 31 - Nov. 2013.
    document

  545. Electrochemical study of potential materials for cochlear implant electrode array
    N.S. Lawand; V. Lopez; P.J. French;
    In The COMSOL Conference,
    Rotterdam, the Netherlands, COMSOL, Oct 2013.

  546. Titanium nitride (TiN) as a gate material in BiCMOS devices for biomedical implants
    N.S. Lawand; H.W. van Zeijl; P.J. French; JJ. Briaire; J.H.M. Frijns;
    In IEEE Sensors,
    Baltimore, USA, IEEE, Nov 2013.

  547. Selectivity and reusability study of functionalized ALD TiO2 evanescent wave sensors
    A. Purniawan; P.J. French; M.J.H. Almering; G. Pandraud; P.M. Sarro;
    In IEEE Sensors,
    Baltimore, USA, IEEE, Nov 2013.

  548. An improved system approach towards future cochlear implants
    N.S. Lawand; W. Ngamkham; G. Nazarian; P.J. French; W.A. Serdijn; G.N. Gaydadjiev; JJ. Briaire; J.H.M. Frijns;
    In IEEE EMBS,
    Osaka, Japan, IEEE, pp. 5163-5166, July 2013.

  549. A 1-Wire\&\#x00AE; communication interface between a control hub and locally powered epidural stimulators
    Eder, Clemens; Valente, Virgilio; Donaldson, Nick; Demosthenous, Andreas;
    In 2013 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS),
    IEEE, pp. 214--217, October 2013. DOI: 10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679677
    document

  550. Output stage of a current-steering multipolar and multisite deep brain stimulator
    Valente, Virgilio; Demosthenous, Andreas; Bayford, Richard;
    In 2013 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS),
    IEEE, pp. 85--88, October 2013. DOI: 10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679645
    document

  551. CMOS analog power meter and delay line for automatic efficiency optimization in medical power transmitters
    Valente, Virgilio; Demosthenous, Andreas;
    In 2013 IEEE 20th International Conference on Electronics, Circuits, and Systems (ICECS),
    IEEE, pp. 249--252, December 2013. DOI: 10.1109/ICECS.2013.6815401
    document

  552. CMOS instrumentation system for matrix-based magnetoresistive biosensors
    Costa, T.; Piedade, M.S.; Cardoso, F.A.; Freitas, P.P.;
    In Conference Record - IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference,
    pp. 1315-1318, 2013. DOI: 10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555626

  553. An instrumentation system based on magnetoresistive sensors for neuronal signal detection
    Costa, T.; Piedade, M.S.; Germano, J.; Amaral, J.; Freitas, P.P.;
    In Conference Record - IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference,
    pp. 1074-1077, 2013. DOI: 10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555579

  554. Tissue- or neurostimulator
    Marijn van Dongen; Wouter Serdijn; Dirk de Ridder;
    Patent, Dutch NL2008217C, Aug 2013. Assignee: Univ Delft Tech.
    document

  555. A 10-bit 50-MS/s redundant SAR ADC with split capacitive-array DAC
    Arian, A., Saberi, M., Hosseini-Khayat, S.; R. Lotfi; Leblebici, Y.;
    Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing,
    Volume 71, Issue 3, pp. 583-589, 2012.

  556. Impacts of NBTI/PBTI on performance of domino logic circuits with high-k metal-gate devices in nanoscale CMOS
    Houshmand Kaffashian, M.; R. Lotfi; Mafinezhad, K., Mahmoodi, H.;
    Microelectronics Reliability,
    Volume 52, Issue 8, pp. 1655-1659, 2012.

  557. An offset cancellation technique for comparators using body-voltage trimming
    Babayan-Mashhadi, S.; R. Lotfi;
    Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing,
    pp. 1-10, 2012.

  558. Fabrication and optical measurements of a TiO2-ALD evanescent waveguide sensor
    A. Purniawan; G. Pandraud; T.S.Y. Moh; A. Marthen; K.A. Vakalopoulos; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    Sensors and Actuators A,
    Volume 188, pp. 127-132, Dec. 2012. DOI 10.1016/j.sna.2012.05.037.

  559. Implementing Wavelets in Continuous-Time Analog Circuits With Dynamic Range Optimization
    Joel Karel; Sandro Haddad; Senad Hiseni; Ronald Westra; Wouter Serdijn; Ralf Peeters;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems-I: Regular Papers,
    Volume 59, Issue 2, pp. 229-242, Febr. 2012. Digital Object Identifier: 10.1109/TCSI.2011.2162381.
    document

  560. On the Design of Broadband Power-to-Current Low Noise Amplifiers
    Xiaolong Li; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems-I: Regular Papers,
    Volume 59, Issue 3, pp. 493-504, March 2012. Digital Object Identifier: 10.1109/TCSI.2011.2165413.
    document

  561. A Compact Rail-to-Rail Class-AB CMOS Buffer With Slew-Rate Enhancement
    Chutham Sawigun; Andreas Demosthenous; Xiao Liu; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems-II: Express Briefs,
    Volume 59, Issue 8, pp. 486-490, Aug. 2012.
    document

  562. Does enriched acoustic environment in humans abolish chronic tinnitus clinically and electrophysiologically? A double blind placebo controlled study
    Vanneste, S; van Dongen, M; De Vree, B; Hiseni, S; van der Velden, E; Strydis, C; Kathleen, J; Norena, A; Serdijn, W; De Ridder, D;
    Hearing Research,
    Oct. 23 2012. pii: S0378-5955(12)00244-4. doi: 10.1016/j.heares.2012.10.003.
    document

  563. Piezo-thermal probe array for high throughput applications
    A. Gaitas; P.J. French;
    Sensors and Actuators A: Physical,
    Volume 186, pp. 125-129, 2012.

  564. Fabrication and optical measurements of a TiO2 ALD evanescent waveguide sensor
    A. Purniawan; G. Pandraud; T.S.Y. Moh; A. Marthen; K.A. Vakalopoulos; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    Sensors and Actuators A: Physical,
    Volume 188, pp. 127-132, 2012.

  565. A Tripolar Current-Steering Stimulator ASIC for Field Shaping in Deep Brain Stimulation
    Valente, V.; Demosthenous, A.; Bayford, R.;
    IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems,
    Volume 6, Issue 3, pp. 197--207, June 2012. DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2011.2171036
    document

  566. Integration of magnetoresistive biochips on a CMOS circuit
    Cardoso, F.A.; Costa, T.; Germano, J.; Cardoso, S.; Borme, J.; Gaspar, J.; Fernandes, J.R.; Piedade, M.S.; Freitas, P.P.;
    IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,
    Volume 48, Issue 11, pp. 3784-3787, 2012. DOI: 10.1109/TMAG.2012.2198449

  567. A Urinary Bcl-2 Surface Acoustic Wave Biosensor for Early Ovarian Cancer Detection
    O. Onen; A. Sisman; N.D. Gallant; P. Kruck; R. Guldiken;
    MDPI Sensors,
    December 2012. DOI: 10.3390/s120607423
    document

  568. An Analog Integrated Circuit Beamformer for High- Frequency Medical Ultrasound Imaging
    G. Gurun; J. Zahorian; A. Sisman; M. Karaman; P. Hasler; F. L. Degertekin;
    IEEE Transactions On Biomedical Circuits And Systems,
    October 2012. DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2012.2219532
    document

  569. A Synthetic Phased Array Surface Acoustic Wave Sensor for Quantifying Bolt Tension
    A. Sisman; J. Martinez; O. Onen; D. Velasquez; R. Guldiken;
    MDPI Sensors,
    2012. DOI: 10.3390/s120912265
    document

  570. Determination of bit patterned media noise based on island perimeter fluctuations
    Alink, Laurens; Groenland, J. P. J.; De Vries, Jeroen; Abelmann, Leon;
    IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,
    Volume 48, Issue 11, pp. 4574 – 4577, 2012. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/TMAG.2012.2201138
    Keywords: ... Fourier series; Bit-patterned media; Channel modeling; Fourier-series expansion; High density; Jitter noise; Laser interference lithography; Magnetic island; Media noise; Model-based OPC; Jitter.

    Abstract: ... We measured the fluctuation in shape of magnetic islands in bit patterned media fabricated by laser interference lithography. This fluctuation can be accurately described by a model based on a Fourier series expansion of the perimeter of the islands. The model can be easily linked to amplitude and jitter noise. We show that the amplitude and jitter noise are in principle correlated, and the jitter noise increases with increasing island area. The correlation is small for media prepared by laser interference lithography, but expected to gain importance for high density bit patterned media. © 1965-2012 IEEE.

    document

  571. Cantilever arrays with self-aligned nanotips of uniform height
    Koelmans, W. W.; Peters, T.; Berenschot, E.; De Boer, M. J.; Siekman, M. H.; Abelmann, L.;
    Nanotechnology,
    Volume 23, Issue 13, 2012. DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/23/13/135301
    Keywords: ... Atomic force microscopy; Nanotips; Standards; AFM; Cantilever arrays; Contact modes; Convex corners; Data storage; Fabrication process; Free end; Load forces; Nano scale; Nano-manufacturing; Nanometres; Non-contact mode; Optical contact lithography; Probe-based; Process flows; Relative standard error; Resonance frequencies; Self-aligned; Sharp tip; Single-mask; Standard errors; Tip-sample distance; Tip-sample interaction; Wafer-scale; Nanocantilevers.

    Abstract: ... Cantilever arrays are employed to increase the throughput of imaging and manipulation at the nanoscale. We present a fabrication process to construct cantilever arrays with nanotips that show a uniform tipsample distance. Such uniformity is crucial, because in many applications the cantilevers do not feature individual tipsample spacing control. Uniform cantilever arrays lead to very similar tipsample interaction within an array, enable non-contact modes for arrays and give better control over the load force in contact modes. The developed process flow uses a single mask to define both tips and cantilevers. An additional mask is required for the back side etch. The tips are self-aligned in the convex corner at the free end of each cantilever. Although we use standard optical contact lithography, we show that the convex corner can be sharpened to a nanometre scale radius by an isotropic underetch step. The process is robust and wafer-scale. The resonance frequencies of the cantilevers within an array are shown to be highly uniform with a relative standard error of 0.26% or lower. The tipsample distance within an array of up to ten cantilevers is measured to have a standard error around 10nm. An imaging demonstration using the AFM shows that all cantilevers in the array have a sharp tip with a radius below 10nm. The process flow for the cantilever arrays finds application in probe-based nanolithography, probe-based data storage, nanomanufacturing and parallel scanning probe microscopy. © 2012 IOP Publishing Ltd.

    document

  572. The micronium-a musical MEMS instrument
    Engelen, Johan B. C.; De Boer, Hylco; Beekman, Jethro G.; Fortgens, Laurens C.; De Graaf, Derk B.; Vocke, Sander; Abelmann, Leon;
    Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems,
    Volume 21, Issue 2, pp. 262 – 269, 2012. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/JMEMS.2011.2179016
    Keywords: ... Electromechanical devices; MEMS; Musical instruments; Resonators; Ambient pressures; Audible frequency; Audio signal; Capacitive displacement sensors; Comb drive; Electrostatic tuning; Many resonators; Mass spring systems; Measurement results; MEMS technology; Micro-instrument; MP3 files; Quality factors; Sine-wave; Tunable resonators; Tuning ratio; Instruments.

    Abstract: ... The Micronium is a musical instrument fabricated from silicon using microelectromechanical system (MEMS) technology. It isto the best of our knowledgethe first musical micro-instrument fabricated using MEMS technology, where the actual sound is generated by mechanical microstructures. The Micronium consists of mass-spring systems that are designed to resonate at audible frequencies. Their displacement is measured by comb drives and is used as the audio signal to drive a loudspeaker. The instrument's sounds are pure sine waves. An extensive set of measurements of individual resonators is presented and discussed. Quality factor measurements at various ambient pressures show that an ambient pressure of 1 mbar results in a note duration of 1 s. The realized frequency deviates considerably from the designed resonator frequency. Measurement results of many resonators are shown to obtain understanding of this deviation. Initial experiments with electrostatic tuning using variable-gap comb drives show a tuning ratio of 5% maximum, depending on the resonator frequency. An audio recording of the instrument is included as a supplementary MP3 file. © 2012 IEEE.

    document

  573. Measurement of the nucleation and domain depinning field in a single Co/Pt multilayer dot by Anomalous Hall effect
    Delalande, M.; De Vries, J.; Abelmann, L.; Lodder, J. C.;
    Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials,
    Volume 324, Issue 7, pp. 1277 – 1280, 2012. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmmm.2011.09.037
    Keywords: ... Hall effect; Magnetic storage; Multilayers; Nucleation; Angular dependence; Anomalous Hall effects; Co/Pt multilayer; Depinning; Depinning fields; Domain nucleation; Easy axis; In-plane; Magnetic reversal; Nucleation field; Perpendicular anisotropy; Separate analysis; Magnetic domains.

    Abstract: ... Co/Pt multilayer dots with perpendicular anisotropy and with diameters of 250 and 350 nm were fabricated on top of a Hall cross configuration. The angular dependence of the magnetic reversal of the individual dot was investigated by Anomalous Hall effect measurements. At near in-plane angles (85° with the magnetic easy axis) the dot switches partially into a stable two-domain state. This allows for separate analysis of the angular dependence of both the field required for nucleation of a reversed domain, and the field required for depinning of the domain wall. The angular dependence of the depinning field fits accurately to a 1/cos(θ) behavior, whereas the angular dependence of the nucleation field shows a minimum close to 45°. The latter dependency can be accurately fitted to the modified Kondorsky model proposed by Schumacher [1]. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

    document

  574. Interaction force estimation during manipulation of microparticles
    Khalil, Islam S. M.; Metz, Roel M. P.; Abelmann, Leon; Misra, Sarthak;
    conference, 2012. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/IROS.2012.6386184
    Keywords: ... Elasticity; Intelligent systems; Nanosensors; Observability; Tissue; Applied current; Contact forces; Electronic complexity; Force estimation; Force sensing; Interaction forces; Magnetic system; Manipulation system; Micro particles; Physical force; Soft tissue; Wireless sensing; Estimation.

    Abstract: ... This work investigates the utilization of microparticles for the wireless sensing of interaction forces in magnetic-based manipulation systems. The proposed force estimation approach allows for using microparticles in sensing the interaction forces at hard-to-reach regions to avoid the mechanical and electronic complexities associated with physical force sensors. Based on the velocity of the microparticle and the applied currents at each of the electromagnets of the magnetic system, an interaction force observer is designed to estimate the contact forces between the microparticle and a soft-tissue simulant with different elasticities. Experimentally, a magnetic system is utilized to steer a microparticle towards a soft-tissue simulant to carry out force sensing. The experimental results show that forces in the range of nano-Newton can be estimated without nano-force sensors. The estimated interaction forces due to this contact can be used either in sensing and diagnosis applications, or in the realization of a force control system. © 2012 IEEE.

    document

  575. Microfluidic pump based on arrays of rotating magnetic microspheres
    Van Den Beld, Wesley T. E.; De Weerd, Eddy L.; Abelmann, Leon; Bomer, Johan G.; Van Den Berg, Albert; Eijkel, Jan C. T.;
    conference, 2012.
    Keywords: ... Biocompatibility; Magnetic fields; Microfluidics; Microspheres; Nickel alloys; Optical pumping; Pumps; Culture chambers; Magnetic microspheres; Microfluidic pumps; Permalloy; Recirculations; Rotating; Rotating magnetic fields; Superparamagnetic microspheres; Rotating disks.

    Abstract: ... We demonstrate a novel, flexible and biocompatible method to pump liquid through microchannels without the use of an external pump. The pumping principle is based on the rotation of superparamagnetic microspheres around permalloy disks, driven by an external in-plane rotating magnetic field. By placing the permalloy disks close to the edge of the channel, a net flow of 9 μm/s was generated in the middle of the channel. This pumping principle is especially suited for flow controlled medium recirculation in culture chambers, opening ways towards portable, on-chip closed cell culturing [1].

    document

  576. Wireless magnetic-based control of paramagnetic microparticles
    Khalil, Islam S. M.; Keuning, Jasper D.; Abelmann, Leon; Misra, Sarthak;
    conference, 2012. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/BioRob.2012.6290856
    Keywords: ... Biomagnetism; Motion control; Paramagnetism; Experimental verification; External magnetic field; Human bodies; Magnetic system; Micro-particles; Minimally invasive surgery; Modeling and control; Paramagnetic microparticles; Planning procedure; Position tracking errors; Potential field; Prototype system; Static and dynamic obstacles; Steady state; Motion planning.

    Abstract: ... This work investigates modeling and control of microparticles that could be guided inside the human body using external magnetic fields. Proposed areas of applications for these microparticles include but not limited to minimally invasive surgeries, diagnosis and sensing. The problem is formulated by modeling a magnetic prototype system which has been developed for the purpose of wireless motion control of microparticles. A control system is devised based on the way-point approach to control the navigation of the microparticles in a fluid. In addition, a path planning procedure based on a combination of the potential field and the A approaches is investigated in order to control the motion of the microparticles in the presence of static and dynamic obstacles. The experimental verification is conducted on a magnetic system designed for manipulation of microparticles. The experimental results demonstrates the motion control of microparticles with maximum steady state position tracking error of 8.6 μm within a 2.4 mm×1.8 mm workspace. © 2012 IEEE.

    document

  577. Pyramidal nanowire tip for atomic force microscopy and thermal imaging
    Burouni, Narges; Sarajlic, Edin; Siekman, Martin; Abelmann, Leon; Tas, Niels;
    conference, 2012. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/NEMS.2012.6196729
    Keywords: ... Atomic force microscopy; Electric properties; Infrared imaging; Nanocantilevers; Silicon nitride; Atomic force microscope (AFM); Corner lithography; Cross junction; Local temperature; Optical contact lithography; Scanning microscopy; Scanning probes; Silicon-nitride nanowires; Temperature changes; Tip apex; Nanowires.

    Abstract: ... We present a novel 3D nanowire pyramid as scanning microscopy probe for thermal imaging and atomic force microscopy. This probe is fabricated by standard micromachining and conventional optical contact lithography. The probe features an AFM-type cantilever with a sharp pyramidal tip composed of four freestanding silicon nitride nanowires with a diameter of 60 nm. The nanowires, which are made of silicon nitride coated by metal, form an electrical cross junction at the apex of the tip, addressable through the electrodes integrated on the cantilever. The cross junction on the tip apex can be utilized to produce heat and detect local temperature changes. Electrical and thermal properties of the probe were experimentally determined. The temperature changes in the nanowires due to Joule heating can be sensed by measuring the resistance of the nanowires. We employed the scanning probe in an atomic force microscope. © 2012 IEEE.

    document

  578. Integrated MEMS: Opportunities \& Challenges
    P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    M Kahrizi (Ed.);
    Intech, , pp. 253-276, 2012.

  579. Integrated MEMS: Opportunities & Challenges
    P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In Micromachining Techniques for Fabrication of Micro and Nano Structures,
    InTech, Feb. 2012. DOI 10.5772/31493.

  580. An Implantable Stimulator System For Neuro-Rehabilitation In Paralyzed Rats
    Vasiliki Giagka; Nick Donaldson; Andreas Demosthenous;
    In Young Researchers Futures Meeting - Neural Engineering,
    Warwick, UK, pp. 1, September 2012.

  581. Towards a low-power active epidural spinal cord array controlled through a two wire interface
    Vasiliki Giagka; Andreas Demosthenous; Nick Donaldson;
    In Proc. 8th Conf. Ph.D. Research in Microelectronics and Electronics,
    Aachen, Germany, VDE, pp. 247 - 250, June 2012.
    document

  582. Flexible platinum electrode arrays for epidural spinal cord stimulation in paralyzed rats: An in vivo and in vitro evaluation
    Vasiliki Giagka; Anne Vanhoestenberghe; Nikolaus Wenger; Pavel Musienko; Nick Donaldson; Andreas Demosthenous;
    In Proc. 3rd Annual Conf. International Functional Electrical Stimulation Society UK and Ireland Chapter,
    Birmingham, UK, pp. 52 - 53, April 2012.
    document

  583. Power reduction techniques in a 6 bit 1 GSPS flash ADC
    Nasrollaholhosseini, S.H., Babayan Mashhadi, S.; R. Lotfi;
    In ICEE 2012 - 20th Iranian Conference on Electrical Engineering,
    pp. 228-231, 2012.

  584. New charge balancing method based on imbalanced biphasic current pulses for functional electrical stimulation
    Moradi, S., Maghsoudloo, E.; R. Lotfi;
    In ICEE 2012 - 20th Iranian Conference on Electrical Engineering,
    pp. 270-274, 2012.

  585. A power-efficient CMOS active pixel sensor imager with column-level difference ADC in 0.18-μm
    Masoodian, S.; R. Lotfi;
    In ICEE 2012 - 20th Iranian Conference on Electrical Engineering,
    pp. 97-100, 2012.

  586. Surface functionalisation of TiO2 evanescent waveguide sensor for E.coli monitoring
    A. Purniawan; G. Pandraud; K.A. Vakalopoulos; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In Proc. SPIE: Optical Sensing and Detection II,
    Brussels, Belgium, pp. 1-6, Apr 2012. DOI 10.1117/12.922498.

  587. A 0.45nW, 0.5V, 59-dB DR, Gm-C lowpass filter for portable ECG recording
    Chutham Sawigun; Senad Hiseni; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. International Conference on Biomedical Electronics and Devices,
    Vlamoura, Algarve, Portugal, Feb. 1-4 2012.
    document

  588. Subsampling based Software Defined Radio with Jitter Compensation
    Duan Zhao; Wouter A. Serdijn; Guido Dolmans;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Seoul, South Korea, IEEE, pp. 826-829, May 20-23 2012.
    document

  589. A Robust and Large Range Optimally Mismatched RF Energy Harvester with Resonance Control Loop
    Mark Stoopman; Wouter A. Serdijn; Kathleen Philips;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Seoul, South Korea, IEEE, pp. 476-479, May 20-23 2012.
    document

  590. Biphasic Stimulator Circuit for a Wide Range of Electrode-Tissue Impedance Dedicated to Cochlear Implants
    Wannaya Ngamkham; Marijn N. van Dongen; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Seoul, South Korea, IEEE, pp. 1083-1086, May 20-23 2012.
    document

  591. A 2.6nW, 0.5V, 52dB-DR, 4th-order Gm-C BPF: Moving Closer to the FoM?s Fundamental Limit
    Chutham Sawigun; Wannaya Ngamkham; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Seoul, South Korea, IEEE, pp. 656-659, May 20-23 2012.
    document

  592. A Modular Transconductance Reduction Technique for Very Low-Frequency Gm-C Filters
    Chutham Sawigun; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Seoul, South Korea, IEEE, pp. 1183-1186, May 20-23 2012.
    document

  593. A Continuous-Time Level-Crossing ADC with 1-Bit DAC and 3-Input Comparator
    Yongjia Li; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Seoul, South Korea, IEEE, pp. 1311-1314, May 20-23 2012.
    document

  594. An additive instantaneously companding readout system for cochlear implants
    C.J. Bes; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Book of Abstracts, 7th International Symposium on Objective Measures in Auditory Implants,
    Amsterdam, the Netherlands, Sept. 19-22 2012.
    document

  595. A Frequency-Selective Nested Dual-Loop Broadband Low-Noise Amplifier in 90 nm CMOS
    Sumit Bagga; Andre Mansano; Wouter Serdijn; John Long; Kathleen Philips; John Pekarik;
    In Proc. European Solid-State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC),
    Bordeaux, France, IEEE, pp. 121-124, Sept. 17-21 2012.
    document

  596. Analog Switched Capacitor Charge Offsetting System for Recording of Neural Responses in Cochlear Implants by means of Additive Instantaneous Companding
    Cees-Jeroen Bes; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Book of Abstracts, ICT.Open,
    Rotterdam, the Netherlands, Oct. 22-23 2012.

  597. Co-design of a CMOS Rectifier and RFID Antenna for Highly Sensitive RF Energy Harvesting Systems
    Mark Stoopman;
    In Book of Abstracts, ICT.Open,
    Rotterdam, the Netherlands, Oct. 22-23 2012.

  598. An Implementation of Least-Voltage Drop Stimulator Circuit for Cochlear Implants
    Wannaya Ngamkham; Marijn van Dongen; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Book of Abstracts, ICT.Open,
    Rotterdam, the Netherlands, Oct. 22-23 2012.
    document

  599. An Additive Instantaneously Companding Neural Readout System for Cochlear Implants
    Cees-Jeroen Bes; Wouter A. Serdijn; Jeroen J. Briaire; Johan H.M. Frijns;
    In Book of Abstracts, 4th International Conference on Neuroprosthetic Devices (ICNPD-2012),
    Freiburg, Germany, Nov. 19-20 2012.
    document

  600. A 10MHz Switched-mode power efficient neural stimulator
    Marijn van Dongen; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Book of Abstracts, 4th International Conference on Neuroprosthetic Devices (ICNPD-2012),
    Freiburg, Germany, Nov. 19-20 2012.
    document

  601. Long term cochlear implant electrode improvement for stimulation and sensing neuronal activity
    N.S. Lawand; P.J. French; J. Briaire; J.H.M. Frijns;
    In Proceedings 6th International Conference on Sensing Technology,
    Kolkata, India, IEEE, Dec 2012.

  602. TiN as an microelectrode material for nerve stimulation and sensing
    N.S. Lawand; P.J. French; J. Briaire; J.H.M. Frijns;
    In Annual IEEE EMBS Micro and Nanotechnology in Medicine Conference,
    Hawaii, USA, IEEE, Dec 2012.

  603. Titanium nitride as a micro-electrode material for auditory nerve stimulation and sensing purposes
    N.S. Lawand; P.J. French; J. Briaire; J.H.M. Frijns;
    In Proceedings 4th International Conference on Neuroprosthetic Devices,
    Freiburg, Germany, NeuroTechZone, Nov 2012.

  604. Cochlear implant electrode development for improved implants
    N.S. Lawand; P.J. French; J. Briaire; J.H.M. Frijns;
    In Proc. Conference for ICT-Research in the Netherlands (ICT.OPEN),
    Rotterdam, the Netherlands, Oct 2012.

  605. Sub-mm size opto-mechanical couplings for fast rotational OCT-scanning
    A.J. Loeve; G. de Haan; X. Huang; R. Draisma; J. Dankelman; P.J. French;
    In Proceedings SMIT 2012,
    Barcelona, Spain, September 2012.

  606. Next generation sensors & actuators in medicine
    P.J. French;
    In 7th International Symposium on objective measures in auditory implants,
    Amsterdam, the Netherlands, September 2012.

  607. Thin titanium nitride films deposited using DC magnetron sputtering used for neural stimulation and sensing purposes
    N.S. Lawand; P.J. French; J. Briaire; J.H.M. Frijns;
    In Proceedings Eurosensors,
    Krakow, Poland, September 2012.

  608. Cochlear implant electrode development for improved implants
    N.S. Lawand; P.J. French; J. Briaire; J.H.M. Frijns;
    In Proceeding EMBS,
    San Diego, USA, August 2012.

  609. Flexible implantable sensors for long term blood pressure and blood flow measurements
    L. Pakula; P.J. Trimp; P.J. French;
    In Proceedings APCOT,
    Nanjing China, July 2012.

  610. Development of microelectrode material for nerve stimulation using TiN
    N.S. Lawand; P.J. French; J. Briaire; J.H.M. Frijns;
    In Proceeding IC-MAST-2012,
    Budapest, Hungary, May 2012.

  611. Surface functionalisation of TiO2 evanescent waveguide sensor for E.coli monitoring
    A. Purniawan; G. Pandraud; K.A. Vakalopoulos; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In SPIE Photonics Europe Conference,
    Brussels, Belgium, SPIE, April 2012.

  612. Towards a closed-loop transmitter system with integrated class-D amplifier for coupling-insensitive powering of implants
    Valente, Virgilio; Eder, Clemens; Demosthenous, Andreas; Donaldson, Nick;
    In 2012 19th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits, and Systems (ICECS 2012),
    IEEE, pp. 29--32, December 2012. DOI: 10.1109/ICECS.2012.6463708
    document

  613. An ultra-low noise current source for magnetoresistive biosensors biasing
    Costa, T.; Piedade, M.S.; Santos, M.;
    In 2012 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference: Intelligent Biomedical Electronics and Systems for Better Life and Better Environment, BioCAS 2012 - Conference Publications,
    pp. 73-76, 2012. DOI: 10.1109/BioCAS.2012.6418507

  614. A method to calibrate spring constant of cantilevers used in scanning force microscopy
    A. Bossche; J.F.L. Goosen; H. Sadeghian Marnani; C.K. Yang; A. van Keulen; P.J. French;
    Patent, 2005687, OCT-10-039 2012.

  615. A low-power Successive Approximation ADC for biomedical applications
    Saberi, M., Sepehrian, H.; R. Lotfi; Mafinezhad, K.;
    IEICE Electronics Express,
    Volume 8, Issue 4, pp. 195-201, 2011.

  616. An optimization method for NBTI-aware design of domino logic circuits in nano-scale CMOS
    Kaffashian, M.H.; R. Lotfi; Mafinezhadand, K., Mahmoodi, H.;
    IEICE Electronics Express,
    Volume 8, Issue 17, pp. 1406-1411, 2011.

  617. Analysis and design of tunable amplifiers for implantable neural recording applications
    Rezaee-Dehsorkh, H., Ravanshad, N.; R. Lotfi; Mafinezhad, K., Sodagar, A.M.;
    IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems,
    Volume 1, Issue 4, pp. 546-556, 2011.

  618. Impact of NBTI on performance of domino logic circuits in nano-scale CMOS
    Houshmand Kaffashian, M.; R. Lotfi; Mafinezhad, K., Mahmoodi, H.;
    Microelectronics Journal,
    Volume 42, Issue 12, pp. 1327-1334, 2011.

  619. Experimental characterization of roughness induced scattering losses in PECVD SiC waveguides
    G. Pandraud; E. Margallo-Balbas; C.K. Yang; P.J. French;
    Journal of Lightwave Technology,
    Volume 29, Issue 5, pp. 744-749, 2011. DOI 10.1109/JLT.2011.2108264.

  620. Analysis of Power Consumption and Linearity in Capacitive Digital-to-Analog Converters Used in Successive Approximation ADCs
    Mehdi Saberi; Reza Lotfi; Khalil Mafinezhad; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems-I: Regular Papers,
    Volume 58, Issue 8, pp. 1736-1748, Aug. 2011. Digital Object Identifier: 10.1109/TCSI.2011.2107214.
    document

  621. Analysis and design of a low-voltage, low-power, high-precision, class-AB current-mode subthreshold CMOS sample and hold circuit
    Chutham Sawigun; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems-I: Regular Papers,
    Volume 58, Issue 7, pp. 1615-1626, July 2011. DOI: 10.1109/TCSI.2011.2158491.
    document

  622. PECVD silicon carbide surface micriomachining technology and selected MEMS applications
    V. Rajaraman; L. Pakula; H. Yang; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    International Journal of Advances in Engineering Sciences and Applied Mathematics,
    pp. 1-7, 2011.

  623. Experimental characterization of roughness induced scattering losses in PECVD SiC waveguides
    G. Pandraud; E. Margallo-Balbás; C.K. Yang; P.J. French;
    Journal of Lightwave Technology,
    Volume 29, Issue 5, pp. 744-749, 2011.

  624. Silicon probes for cochlear auditory nerve stimulation and measurement
    N.S. Lawand; P.J. French; J. Briaire; J.H.M. Frijns;
    Advanced Materials Research,
    Volume 254, pp. 82-85, 2011.

  625. Erythroid/Myeloid Progenitors and Hematopoietic Stem Cells Originate from Distinct Populations of Endothelial Cells
    Michael J. Chen; Yan Li; Maria Elena De Obaldia; Qi Yang; Amanda D. Yzaguirre; Tomoko Yamada-Inagawa; Chris S. Vink; Avinash Bhandoola; Elaine Dzierzak; Nancy A. Speck;
    Cell Stem Cell,
    Volume 9, Issue 6, pp. 541--552, December 2011. DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2011.10.003
    document

  626. Influence of silicon orientation and cantilever undercut on the determination of the Young's modulus of thin films
    Nazeer, H.; Woldering, L. A.; Abelmann, L.; Nguyen, M. D.; Rijnders, G.; Elwenspoek, M. C.;
    Microelectronic Engineering,
    Volume 88, Issue 8, pp. 2345 – 2348, 2011. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1016/j.mee.2011.01.028
    Keywords: ... Deposition; Elastic moduli; Elasticity; Finite element method; Nanocantilevers; Natural frequencies; Pulsed laser deposition; Silicon; Thin films; Vapor deposition; Cantilever; DRIE; PZT; Resonance frequency; Young's Modulus; Crystal orientation.

    Abstract: ... The Young's modulus of thin films can be determined by deposition on a micronsized Si cantilever and measuring the resonance frequency before and after deposition. The accuracy of the method depends strongly on the initial determination of the mechanical properties and dimensions of the cantilever. We discuss the orientation of the cantilever with respect to the Si crystal, and the inevitable undercut of the cantilever caused by process inaccuracies. By finite element modelling we show that the Young's modulus should be used instead of the analytical plate modulus approximation for the effective Young's modulus of Si cantilevers used in this work for both the 〈1 0 0〉 and 〈1 1 0〉 crystal orientation. Cantilever undercut can be corrected by variation of the cantilever length. As an example, the Young's modulus of PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3 (PZT) thin films deposited by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) was determined to be 99 GPa, with 1.4 GPa standard error. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

    document

  627. Determination of the Young's modulus of pulsed laser deposited epitaxial PZT thin films
    Nazeer, H.; Nguyen, M. D.; Woldering, L. A.; Abelmann, L.; Rijnders, G.; Elwenspoek, M. C.;
    Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering,
    Volume 21, Issue 7, 2011. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1088/0960-1317/21/7/074008
    Keywords: ... Deposition; Elastic moduli; Elasticity; Epitaxial films; Epitaxial growth; Nanocantilevers; Natural frequencies; Pulsed laser deposition; Semiconducting silicon compounds; Silicon wafers; Vapor deposition; Analytical relations; Crystal direction; Effective length; Epitaxial PZT; Epitaxially grown; Finite-element; Flexural rigidities; In-plane orientation; Micro-cantilevers; Over-etching; PZT; PZT thin film; Resonance frequencies; Standard errors; Young's Modulus; Pulsed lasers.

    Abstract: ... We determined the Young's modulus of pulsed laser deposited epitaxially grown PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3 (PZT) thin films on microcantilevers by measuring the difference in cantilever resonance frequency before and after deposition. By carefully optimizing the accuracy of this technique, we were able to show that the Young's modulus of PZT thin films deposited on silicon is dependent on the in-plane orientation, by using cantilevers oriented along the 〈1 1 0〉 and 〈1 0 0〉 silicon directions. Deposition of thin films on cantilevers affects their flexural rigidity and increases their mass, which results in a change in the resonance frequency. An analytical relation was developed to determine the effective Young's modulus of the PZT thin films from the shift in the resonance frequency of the cantilevers, measured both before and after the deposition. In addition, the appropriate effective Young's modulus valid for our cantilevers' dimensions was used in the calculations that were determined by a combined analytical and finite-element (FE) simulations approach. We took extra care to eliminate the errors in the determination of the effective Young's modulus of the PZT thin film, by accurately determining the dimensions of the cantilevers and by measuring many cantilevers of different lengths. Over-etching during the release of cantilevers from the handle wafer caused an undercut. Since this undercut cannot be avoided, the effective length was determined and used in the calculations. The Young's modulus of PZT, deposited by pulsed laser deposition, was determined to be 103.0 GPa with a standard error of ±1.4 GPa for the 〈1 1 0〉 crystal direction of silicon. For the 〈1 0 0〉 silicon direction, we measured 95.2 GPa with a standard error of ±2.0 GPa. © 2011 IOP Publishing Ltd.

    document

  628. A simple two-dimensional coding scheme for bit patterned media
    Shao, Xiaoying; Alink, Laurens; Groenland, J. P. J.; Abelmann, Leon; Slump, Cornelis H.;
    IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,
    Volume 47, Issue 10, pp. 2559 – 2562, 2011. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/TMAG.2011.2157668
    Keywords: ... Digital storage; Jitter; Magnetic storage; Magnetism; 2D coding; 2D-ISI; Bit-patterned media; Magnetic bit patterned medias; Patterned medias; Probe storage; Storage capacity; Two-dimensional coding; Intersymbol interference.

    Abstract: ... This paper presents a simple code to combat the two-dimensional inter-symbol interference (2D-ISI) effect that is present in data storage on magnetic bit patterned media. Whether the ISI effect is constructive or destructive depends on the surrounding bits. Therefore, we propose a simple 2D coding scheme to mitigate the ISI effect. With this 2D coding scheme in square patterned media, every 2-by-3 array has one redundant bit which has the opposite or same value of one of its adjacent bits. Compared to the 2D coding scheme in under the condition of the same areal density, the proposed 2D coding scheme increases the allowable bit-position jitter in square patterned media by 1% at a BER of 10-4; while it allows the effective storage capacity to be increased by around 5.5%. © 2011 IEEE.

    document

  629. Force modulation for enhanced nanoscale electrical sensing
    Koelmans, W. W.; Sebastian, A.; Abelmann, L.; Despont, M.; Pozidis, H.;
    Nanotechnology,
    Volume 22, Issue 35, 2011. DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/22/35/355706
    Keywords: ... Electric contacts; Nanotechnology; Platinum; Probes; Scanning probe microscopy; Silicides; Application area; Conductive probe; Data storage; Electrical contacts; Electrical sensing; Force modulation; Force modulation technique; Imaging experiments; Materials research; Nano scale; Platinum silicides; Probe-based; Semiconductor metrology; Tip wear; Electric properties.

    Abstract: ... Scanning probe microscopy employing conductive probes is a powerful tool for the investigation and modification of electrical properties at the nanoscale. Application areas include semiconductor metrology, probe-based data storage and materials research. Conductive probes can also be used to emulate nanoscale electrical contacts. However, unreliable electrical contact and tip wear have severely hampered the widespread usage of conductive probes for these applications. In this paper we introduce a force modulation technique for enhanced nanoscale electrical sensing using conductive probes. This technique results in lower friction, reduced tip wear and enhanced electrical contact quality. Experimental results using phase-change material stacks and platinum silicide conductive probes clearly demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed technique. Furthermore, conductive-mode imaging experiments on specially prepared platinum/carbon samples are presented to demonstrate the widespread applicability of this technique. © 2011 IOP Publishing Ltd.

    document

  630. Predicted photonic band gaps in diamond-lattice crystals built from silicon truncated tetrahedrons
    Woldering, L{\' e}on A.; Abelmann, Leon; Elwenspoek, Miko C.;
    Journal of Applied Physics,
    Volume 110, Issue 4, 2011. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1063/1.3624604
    Keywords: ... Crystals; Diamonds; Energy gap; Optical properties; Photonic band gap; Self assembly; Structures (built objects); Band gaps; Band structure calculation; Electronic systems; Hard spheres; Self-assembled; Silicon micromachining; Silicon particles; Crystal structure.

    Abstract: ... Recently, a silicon micromachining method to produce tetrahedral silicon particles was discovered. In this report we determine, using band structure calculations, the optical properties of diamond-lattice photonic crystals when assembled from such particles. We show that crystal structures built from silicon tetrahedra are expected to display small stop gaps. Wide photonic band gaps appear when truncated tetrahedral particles are used to build the photonic crystals. With truncated tetrahedral particles, a bandgap with a width of 23.6% can be achieved, which is more than twice as wide compared to band gaps in self-assembled diamond-lattices of hard-spheres. The width of the bandgap is insensitive to small deviations from the optimal amount of truncation. This work paves the way to a novel class of silicon diamond-lattice bandgap crystals that can be obtained through self-assembly. Such a self-assembly approach would allow for easy integration of these highly photonic crystals in existing silicon microfluidic and -electronic systems. © 2011 American Institute of Physics.

    document

  631. The 21st MicroMechanics Europe Workshop (MME 2010)
    Abelmann, Leon;
    Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering,
    Volume 21, Issue 7, 2011. All Open Access, Bronze Open Access. DOI: 10.1088/0960-1317/21/7/070201
    document

  632. A single-mask thermal displacement sensor in MEMS
    Krijnen, B.; Hogervorst, R. P.; Van Dijk, J. W.; Engelen, J. B. C.; Woldering, L. A.; Brouwer, D. M.; Abelmann, L.; Soemers, H. M. J. R.;
    Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering,
    Volume 21, Issue 7, 2011. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1088/0960-1317/21/7/074007
    Keywords: ... Actuators; Electrostatic actuators; Capacitance model; Conductive heat transfer; Differential sensors; Displacement sensor; Doping concentration; Full-scale ranges; Operating temperature; Resistively heated; Sensor designs; Sensor resolution; Sensor sensitivity; Silicon structures; Single-mask; Thermal displacement sensors; Sensors.

    Abstract: ... This work presents a MEMS displacement sensor based on the conductive heat transfer of a resistively heated silicon structure towards an actuated stage parallel to the structure. This differential sensor can be easily incorporated into a silicon-on-insulator-based process, and fabricated within the same mask as electrostatic actuators and flexure-based stages. We discuss a lumped capacitance model to optimize the sensor sensitivity as a function of the doping concentration, the operating temperature, the heater length and width. We demonstrate various sensor designs. The typical sensor resolution is 2 nm within a bandwidth of 25 Hz at a full scale range of 110 μm. © 2011 IOP Publishing Ltd.

    document

  633. Probe storage
    Gemelli, Marcellino; Abelmann, Leon; Engelen, Johan B. C.; Khatib, Mohammed G.; Koelmans, Wabe W.; Zaboronski, Oleg;
    , 2011. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-14752-4_3
    Abstract: ... This chapter gives an overview of probe-based data storage research over the last three decades, encompassing all aspects of a probe recording system. Following the division found in all mechanically addressed storage systems, the different subsystems (media, read/write heads, positioning, data channel, and file system) will be discussed. In the media subsection various recording media will be treated, such as polymer based, phase change, ferroelectric and magnetic. In the probe array subsection various generations of thermal probes will be discussed, as well as examples of alternative write probes using currents, electric or magnetic fields, and different principles for data detection. Special attention is paid to parallel readout of probe arrays. In the positioning section, examples will be shown of electric and magnetic scanners, either precision engineered or realized by micromachining technologies, or combinations thereof. In the systems subsection the data channel will be discussed, including the read/write electronics circuitry, data detection, and coding algorithms. Special attention is paid to the writing strategy and considerations for probe-based storage file systems. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2011.

    document

  634. Image-based magnetic control of paramagnetic microparticles in water
    Keuning, Jasper D.; De Vries, Jeroen; Abelmann, Leon; Misra, Sarthak;
    conference, 2011. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/IROS.2011.6048703
    Keywords: ... Finite element method; Intelligent robots; Machine design; Magnetic moments; Paramagnetic materials; Paramagnetism; Position control; Average diameter; Finite element method simulation; Image-based; Magnetic behavior; Magnetic control; Microscopic image; Paramagnetic microparticles; Vibrating sample magnetometer; Robotics.

    Abstract: ... This paper describes the design of a system for controlling the position of spherical paramagnetic microparticles that have an average diameter of 100 μm. The focus of this study lies in designing and implementing a system that uses microscopic images and electromagnets. Preliminary experiments have been done to verify the feasibility of the system to track and control the position of these particles. A vibrating sample magnetometer was used to determine the magnetic moment of the particles. Finite element method simulations were used to verify the magnetic behavior of the designed setup. The system was used to position the particles within 8.4μm of a setpoint, achieving speeds of up to 235μm s -1. We also demonstrated that the particle could follow a circular and a figure-eight path. © 2011 IEEE.

    document

  635. A novel electrostatically actuated AFM probe for vibro-flexural mode operation
    Sarajlic, E.; Siekman, M. H.; Fujita, H.; Abelmann, L.; Tas, N.;
    conference, 2011. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/MEMSYS.2011.5734480
    Keywords: ... Actuators; Atomic force microscopy; Electrostatic force; Friction; Mechanical engineering; Mechanics; MEMS; Monolithic integrated circuits; Nanocantilevers; Probes; Reactive ion etching; Scanning tunneling microscopy; AFM imaging; AFM probe; Circular plates; Electrostatic modulation; Flexural modes; Free end; Friction and wear; Monolithically integrated; New operation modes; Normal forces; Probe configuration; Scanning force microscopy; Sharp tip; Tip-sample contact; Tip-sample interaction; Electrostatic actuators.

    Abstract: ... A successful approach to drastically reduce or even completely eliminate friction and wear in scanning force microscopy is the use of electrostatic modulation of the normal force acting on the tip-sample contact. In this paper we have devised, fabricated and experimentally characterized a novel electrostatically actuated AFM probe. The probe consists of a flexible cantilever that has an electrostatic circular plate actuator with a built-in sharp tip monolithically integrated at its free end. This unique probe configuration will allow for the vibro-flexural mode operation in which vibration of the tip relative to the cantilever is generated and controlled by the integrated plate actuator, while the tip-sample interaction is resolved by deflection of the cantilever. We envision that this new operation mode will result in an efficient electrostatic force modulation, which in the end will enable us to control friction and wear during AFM imaging.

    document

  636. Buffering implications for the design space of streaming MEMS storage
    Khatib, Mohammed G.; Abelmann, Leon;
    conference, 2011.
    Keywords: ... Energy efficiency; Virtual storage; Buffer capacity; Buffer sizes; Buffering requirements; Design spaces; Emerging technologies; Energy efficient; layout; MEMSDevices; Non-functional requirements; Optimal energy; Secondary storage; Storage devices; Streaming applications; Three orders of magnitude; Ultrahigh density; Design.

    Abstract: ... Emerging nanotechnology-based systems encounter new non-functional requirements. This work addresses MEMS storage, an emerging technology that promises ultrahigh density and energy-efficient storage devices. We study the buffering requirement of MEMS storage in streaming applications. We show that capacity and lifetime of a MEMS device dictate the buffer size most of the time. Our study shows that trading off 10% of the optimal energy saving of a MEMS device reduces its buffer capacity by up to three orders of magnitude. © 2011 EDAA.

    document

  637. Micro-assembly of three dimensional tetrahedra by capillary forces
    Van Honschoten, J. W.; Legrain, A.; Berenschot, J. W.; Abelmann, L.; Tas, N. R.;
    conference, 2011. DOI: 10.1109/MEMSYS.2011.5734418
    Keywords: ... Data storage equipment; Geometry; Lithography; Mechanical engineering; Mechanics; MEMS; Reactive ion etching; Silicon nitride; Basic elements; Capillary force; Corner lithography; Intersection plane; Micro assembly; Planar geometries; Silicon molds; Three-dimensional data; Three-dimensional shape; Three dimensional.

    Abstract: ... This paper presents the realization of micrometer sized silicon nitride tetrahedra with well-defined angles that are folded out of a planar geometry using capillary forces. The required specific three-dimensional shape is achieved by a well-defined folding sequence. Using the favorable properties of the recently developed corner lithography technique, a programmable stop hinge is micro-machined by etching specifically defined intersection planes of the silicon mold. Tetrahedra were successfully folded by capillarity validating this new technique. The demand for such a microstructure has become very large since it can form the essential basic element for future three-dimensional data storage systems.

    document

  638. Piezojunction effect: Stress influence on bipolar transistors
    J.F. Creemer; P.J. French;
    In Ultra-thin chip technology and applications,
    New York, Springer, 2011. DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-7276-7.

  639. An investigation on ALD thin film evanescent waveguide sensor for biomedical application
    A. Purniawan; P.J. French; G. Pandraud; P.M. Sarro;
    In Biomedical Engineering Systems and Technologies (BIOSTEC 2010), Communications Computer and Information Science,
    Berlin, Springer Verlag, 2011. DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-18472-7_15.

  640. A signal-specific successive-approximation analog-to-digital converter
    Sepehrian, H., Saberi, M.; R. Lotfi;
    In Proceedings - IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    pp. 1624-1627, 2011.

  641. An offset cancellation technique for comparators using body-voltage trimming
    Mashhadi, S.B., Nasrollaholosseini, S.H., Sepehrian, H.; R. Lotfi;
    In 2011 IEEE 9th International New Circuits and Systems Conference, NEWCAS 2011,
    pp. 273-276, 2011.

  642. A linear tunable amplifier for implantable neural recording applications
    Rezaee-Dehsorkh, H., Ravanshad, N.; R. Lotfi; Mafinezhad, K.;
    In Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    2011.

  643. A 1-V 416-nW fully integrated sensor interface IC for pacemakers
    Alahdab, S.; R. Lotfi; W.A. Serdijn;
    In IMEKO TC4 International Workshop on ADC Modelling, Testing and Data Converter Analysis and Design 2011, IWADC 2011 and IEEE 2011 ADC Forum,
    pp. 161-166, 2011.

  644. TiO2 freestanding thin film as evanescent waveguide sensor for biomedical application
    A. Purniawan; G. Pandraud; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In 16th International Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Conference (TRANSDUCERS 2011),
    Beijing, China, pp. 2506-2509, Jun. 2011. ISBN 978-1-4577-0157-3; DOI 10.1109/TRANSDUCERS.2011.5969754.

  645. Post-operative wireless implants for monitoring, detection and treatment
    D. Subbaiyan; L. Pakula; P.J. French; J.F. Lange; J. Jeekel; G.J. Kleinrensink; H.J.C. Sterenborg; D.J. Robinson; F. van Zaane; J.G. Kaptein; K. Tang; G. Pandraud; J. van Veen; M. Draaier; K.A. Vakalapoulos;
    In 16th International Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Conference (TRANSDUCERS 2011),
    Beijing, China, pp. 2192-2195, Jun. 2011. ISBN 978-1-4577-0157-3; DOI 10.1109/TRANSDUCERS.2011.5969390.

  646. Low power PECVD SIC delay lines for optical coherence tomography in the visible
    G. Pandraud; L. Mele; B. Morana; E. Margallo-Balbas; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In 16th International Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Conference (TRANSDUCERS 2011),
    Beijing, China, pp. 1554-1557, Jun. 2011. ISBN 978-1-4577-0157-3; DOI 10.1109/TRANSDUCERS.2011.5969736.

  647. Design, modelling and fabrication of a 40-330 Hz dual-mass MEMS gyroscope on thick-SOI technology
    V. Rajaraman; I. Sabageh; P.J. French; G. Pandraud; E. Cretu;
    In C. Tsamis; G. Kaltas (Ed.), Proc. Eurosensors XXV,
    Athens, Greece, Procedia Engineering, pp. 647-650, Sep. 2011. DOI 10.1016/j.proeng.2011.12.161.

  648. All ALD TiO2-Al2O3-TiO2 horizontal slot waveguides for optical sensing
    A. Purniawan; P.J. French; G. Pandraud; Yujian Huang; P.M. Sarro;
    In Proc. IEEE SENSORS 2011 Conference,
    Limerick, Ireland, pp. 1954-1957, Oct. 2011. ISBN 978-1-4244-9288-6.
    document

  649. Low-Dropout Regulators: Hybrid-Cascode Compensation to Improve Stability in Nano-Scale CMOS Technologies
    Hamed Aminzadeh; Wouter Serdijn;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, IEEE, May 15-18 2011.
    document

  650. Reconfigurable subsampling receiver architecture for wireless body area networks
    Duan Zhao; W.A. Serdijn; L. Huang; G. Dolmans;
    In 22nd International Symposium on Personal Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC),
    Toronto, Canada, IEEE, pp. 2153-2157, Sept. 11-14 2011.
    document

  651. Self-regulating implantable neurological interface circuits
    Senad Hiseni; Wouter Serdijn;
    In Book of Abstracts, 3rd Dutch Conference on Bio-Medical Engineering (BME),
    Egmond aan Zee, the Netherlands, Jan. 20-21 2011.

  652. An additive instantaneously companding readout system for cochlear implants
    Cees-Jeroen Bes; Wouter Serdijn;
    In Book of Abstracts, 3rd Dutch Conference on Bio-Medical Engineering (BME),
    Egmond aan Zee, the Netherlands, Jan. 20-21 2011.

  653. The design of an ultra low-power analog bionic ear
    Wannaya Ngamkham; Chutham Sawigun; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Book of Abstracts, 3rd Dutch Conference on Bio-Medical Engineering (BME),
    Egmond aan Zee, the Netherlands, Jan. 20-21 2011. invited presentation.

  654. Design and prototype development of a wearable neural stimulator system with flexible waveform adjustments
    Marijn van Dongen; Wouter Serdijn; Robert van Spyk; Christos Strydis; Georgi Gaydadjiev;
    In Book of Abstracts, 3rd Dutch Conference on Bio-Medical Engineering (BME),
    Egmond aan Zee, the Netherlands, Jan. 20-21 2011.

  655. A Nano Power CMOS Tinnitus Detector for a Fully Implantable Closed-Loop Neurodevice
    Senad Hiseni; Chutham Sawigun; Sven Vanneste; Eddy van der Velden; Dirk de Ridder; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS),
    San Diego, CA, USA, IEEE, Nov. 10-12 2011.
    document

  656. A Sub-GHz UWB Pulse Generator for Wireless Implantable Medical Devices
    Mark Stoopman; Wouter Serdijn;
    In Proc. Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS),
    San Diego, CA, USA, IEEE, Nov. 10-12 2011.
    document

  657. A 0.5V Signal-Specific Continuous-Time Level-Crossing ADC with Charge Sharing
    Yongjia Li; Marijn van Dongen; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS),
    San Diego, CA, USA, IEEE, Nov. 10-12 2011.
    document

  658. Silicon probes for cochlear auditory nerve stimulation and measurement
    N.S. Lawand; P.J. French; J. Briaire; J.H.M. Frijns;
    In International Conference on Materials for Advanced Technologies (ICMAT 2011),
    Singapore, June 2011.

  659. Implantable sensors: Safety and Efficiency
    P.J. French;
    In Proceedings EUROMAT 2011,
    Montpellier, France, September 2011.

  660. Shapeable Li-ion batteries as substrate: printed electronics reliability
    N.B. Palacios-Aguilera; U. Balda Irurzun; A. Sridhar; J. Bastemeijer; J.R. Mollinger; R. Akkerman; J. Zhou; P.J. French; A. Bossche;
    In International Conference on Electronics Packaging proceedings,
    Nara, Japan, pp. 844-848, April 2011.

  661. An Evanescent Waveguide Sensor Based Diagnostic of Post-Colon Surgery
    A. Purniawan; G. Pandraud; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In Sensor Technology Conference Sense of Contact,
    Zeist, the Netherlands, April 2011.

  662. Post-operative wireless implants for monitoring, detection and treatment
    D. Subbaiyan; L. Pakula; P.J. French; J.F. Lange; J. Jeekel; G.J. Kleinrensink; H.J.C. Sterenborg; D.J. Robinson; F. van Zaane; J.G. kaptein; K. Tang; G. Pandraud; J. van Veen; M Draaier; K.A. Vakalapoulos;
    In 16th International Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Conference (TRANSDUCERS 2011),
    Beijing, China, IEEE, pp. 2192-2195, 2011.

  663. Evanescent Waveguide Sensor For Post Anastomosis Evaluation
    A. Purniawan; G. Pandraud; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In J. Dankelman; P Veltink; T. van Walsum (Ed.), 3rd Dutch Biomedical Engineering,
    BME, pp. 1-1, 2011.

  664. Design, modelling and fabrication of a 40-330 Hz dual-mass MEMS gyroscope on thick-SOI technology
    V. Rajaraman; I. Sabageh; P.J. French; G. Pandraud; E. Cretu;
    In Proceedings Eurosensors XXV,
    Athens, Greece, Elsevier, pp. 4-7, September 2011.

  665. Limitations of Gluing as a Replacement of Ultrasonic Welding: Attaching Lithium Battery Contacts to PCBs
    N.B. Palacios-Aguilera; J.R. Mollinger; J. Bastemeijer; J. Zhou; P.J. French; A. Bossche;
    In 6th International Microsystems, Packaging Assembly and Circuits Technology (IMPACT),
    Taipei, Taiwan, IEEE, pp. 251-254, 2011.

  666. Design and fabrication of stiff silicon probes: A step towards sophisticated cochlear implant electrodes
    N.S. Lawand; P.J. French; J. Briaire; J.H.M. Frijns;
    In Proceedings Eurosensors XXV,
    Athens, Greece, IEEE, pp. 1012-1015, September 2011.

  667. All ALD TiO2-AI203-TiO2 horizontal slot waveguides for optical sensing
    A. Purniawan; P.J. French; G. Pandraud; Y. Huang; P.M. Sarro;
    In E. Lewis; T. Kenny (Ed.), Proceedings IEEE Sensors,
    Limerick, Ireland, IEEE, pp. 1954-1957, October 2011.

  668. Micromachined Silicon probes for cochlear auditory nerve stimulation
    N.S. Lawand; P.J. French; J. Briaire; J.H.M. Frijns;
    In MicroNano Conference 2011,
    Ede, The Netherlands, NanotextNL, pp. 1-1, November 2011.

  669. Magnetic Microheaters for Cell Separation Manipulation and Lysing
    A. Gaitas; P.J. French;
    In S. Xia; L-S Fan (Ed.), 16th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems (Transducers '11),
    Beijing, China, IEEE, pp. 1184-1187, June 2011.

  670. Low power PECVD SIC delay lines for optical coherence tomography in the visible
    G. Pandraud; L. Mele; B. Morana; E. Margallo-Balbás; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In {Fan et al}, L-S (Ed.), 16th International Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Conference (TRANSDUCERS 2011),
    Beijing, China, IEEE, pp. 1554-1557, June 2011.

  671. TiO2 freestanding thin film as evanescent waveguide sensor for biomedical application
    A. Purniawan; G. Pandraud; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In 16th International Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Conference (TRANSDUCERS),
    Beijing, China, IEEE, pp. 2506-2509, June 2011.

  672. Micromachining: from micro to nano
    P.J. French;
    In Proceedings BIT’s 1st Annual World Congress of Nano-S&T,
    Dalian, China, BIT, pp. 1-4, October 2011.

  673. Design and simulation of silicon electrodes for cochlear auditory nerve stimulation
    N.S. Lawand; P.J. French; J. Briaire; J.H.M. Frijns;
    In 6th International Conference on Microtechnologies in Medicine and Biology (MMB 2011),
    Lucerne, Switzerland, MMB, pp. 255-256, May 2011.

  674. Piezoresistive Probe Array for High Throughput Applications
    A. Gaitas; P.J. French;
    In D Tsoukalas; C Tsamis (Ed.), Eurosensors XXV,
    Elsevier, pp. 1-4, 2011.

  675. An investigation on ALD thin film evanescent waveguide sensor for biomedical application
    A. Purniawan; P.J. French; G. Pandraud; P.M. Sarro;
    In 3rd International Joint Conference on Biomedical Engineering Systems and Technologies (BIOSTEC 2010),
    Valencia, Spain, Springer Verlag, pp. 189-196, 2011.

  676. Development of Probes for Cochlear Implants
    N.S. Lawand; P.J. French; J. Briaire; J.H.M. Frijns;
    In Proceedings IEEE Sensors,
    Limerick, Ireland, IEEE, pp. 1827-1830, October 2011.

  677. Sensitivity Measurement of TiO2-ALD Evanescent Waveguide Sensor
    A. Purniawan; G. Pandraud; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In SAFE Conference,
    Veldhoven, the Netherland, November 2011.

  678. Achieving electric field steering in deep brain stimulation
    Tong, Kenneth; Valente, Virgilio; Demosthenous, Andreas; Bayford, Richard;
    In 2011 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS),
    IEEE, pp. 245--248, November 2011. DOI: 10.1109/BioCAS.2011.6107773
    document

  679. A CMOS circuit for precise reading of matrix addressed magnetoresistive biosensors
    Costa, T.; Piedade, M.S.; Fernandes, J.R.;
    In 2011 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference, BioCAS 2011,
    pp. 389-392, 2011. DOI: 10.1109/BioCAS.2011.6107809

  680. PECVD silicon carbide surface micriomachining technology and selected MEMS applications
    V. Rajaraman; L.S. Pakula; H. Yang; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    International journal of advances engineering sciences and applied mathematics,
    Volume 2, Issue 1-2, pp. 28-34, 2010. DOI 10.1007/s12572-010-0020-9.

  681. Systematic Design of a Transimpedance Amplifier with Specified Electromagnetic out-of-band Interference Behavior
    Marcel J. van der Horst; Andre C. Linnenbank; Wouter A. Serdijn; John R. Long;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems - I: Regular Papers,
    Volume 57, Issue 3, pp. 530-538, March 2010.
    document

  682. A 1?2 GHz high linearity transformer-feedback power-to-current LNA
    Xiaolong Li; Wouter A. Serdijn; Bert E. M. Woestenburg; Jan Geralt Bij de Vaate;
    Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing,
    Issue 63, pp. 113-119, 2010. DOI: 10.1007/s10470-009-9442-3.
    document

  683. Spectral Analysis of Phase Noise in Bipolar LC-Oscillators ? Theory, Verification and Design
    Aleksandar Tasic; Wouter A. Serdijn; John R. Long;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems - I: Regular Papers,
    Volume 57, Issue 4, pp. 737-751, April 2010.
    document

  684. Resonant-Inductive Degeneration for Manifold Improvement of Phase Noise in Bipolar LC-Oscillators
    Aleksandar Tasic; Wouter A. Serdijn; John R. Long;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems - I: Regular Papers,
    Volume 57, Issue 6, June 2010.
    document

  685. 2.5 Gb/s CMOS preamplifier for low-cost fiber-optic receivers
    Jose Maria Garcia del Pozo; Wouter A. Serdijn; Aranzazu Otin; Santiago Celma;
    Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing,
    2010. DOI: 10.1007/s10470-010-9526-0.
    document

  686. Some considerations of effects-induced errors in resonant cantilevers with the laser deflection method
    H. Sadeghian; C.K. Yang; K. Babaei Gavan; J.F.L. Goosen; EW.J.M. van der Drift; H.S.J. van der Zant; A. Bossche; P.J. French; F. van Keulen;
    Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering,
    Volume 20, Issue 10, pp. 105027-105036, 2010.

  687. Miniature 10 kHz thermo-optic delay line in silicon
    E. Margallo Balbas; M. Geljon; G. Pandraud; P.J. French;
    Optics Letters,
    Volume 35, Issue 23, pp. 4027-4029, 2010. http://www.opticsinfobase.org/abstract.cfm?URI=ol-35-23-4027.

  688. Smart sensors: advantages and pitfalls
    P.J. French;
    NATO Science for Peace and Security Series. B: Physics and Biophysics,
    pp. 249-259, 2010.

  689. Effects of size and defects on the elasticity of silicon nanocantilevers
    H. Sadeghian Marnani; C.K. Yang; J.F.L. Goosen; A. Bossche; U. Staufer; P.J. French; F. van Keulen;
    Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering,
    Volume 20, Issue 064012, pp. 1-8, 2010.

  690. Impact of morphology on light transport in cancellous bone
    E. Margallo Balbas; P. Taroni; A. Pifferi; H.J. Koolstra; L.J. van Ruijven; P.J. French;
    Physics in Medicine and Biology,
    Volume 55, Issue 17, pp. 4917-4931, 2010.

  691. A telemetric light delivery system for metronomic photodynamic therapy (mPDT) in rats
    F. van Zaane; D. Subbaiyan; A. van der Ploeg; H.S. de Bruijn; E. Margallo Balbas; G. Pandraud; HJ.C.M. Sterenborg; P.J. French; D.J. Robinson;
    Journal of Biophotonics,
    Volume 3, Issue 5-6, pp. 347-355, 2010.

  692. Microlamp for in situ tissue spectroscopy for the dosimetry of photodynamic therapy
    J. Amor-rio; E. Margallo Balbas; B. Song; G. Pandraud; D. Subbaiyan; F. van Zaane; D.J. Robinson; H.W. Zandbergen; P.J. French;
    Procedia Engineering,
    Volume 5, pp. 323-326, 2010.

  693. Design and modeling of a flexible contact mode piezoresistive detector for a time based acceleration sensing
    V. Rajaraman; Hau Bou sing; L.A. Rocha; P.J. French; K.A.A. Makinwa;
    Procedia Engineering,
    Volume 5, pp. 1063-1066, 2010.

  694. Temperature sensitivity of silicon cantilevers' elasticity with the electrostatic pull-in instability
    H. Sadeghian Marnani; D. Yang; J.F.L. Goosen; A. Bossche; P.J. French; F. van Keulen;
    Sensors and Actuators A: Physical: an international journal devoted to research and development of physical and chemical transducers,
    Volume 162, pp. 220-224, 2010.

  695. Parallel optical readout of cantilever arrays in dynamic mode
    Koelmans, W. W.; Van Honschoten, J.; De Vries, J.; Vettiger, P.; Abelmann, L.; Elwenspoek, M. C.;
    Nanotechnology,
    Volume 21, Issue 39, 2010. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/21/39/395503
    Keywords: ... Electromagnetic Fields; Interferometry; Lab-On-A-Chip Devices; Nanotechnology; Optics and Photonics; Atomic force microscopy; Bandwidth; Natural frequencies; Array of cantilevers; Available bandwidth; Beam deflection; Biological sensing; Cantilever arrays; Data storage; Diode pairs; Dynamic modes; Multi frequency; Nano scale; Nanomechanical response; Optical beam deflection; Optical readout; Probe-based; Quality factors; Received signals; Resonant frequencies; Single lasers; article; electromagnetic field; instrumentation; interferometry; lab on a chip; methodology; nanotechnology; optics; Nanocantilevers.

    Abstract: ... Parallel frequency readout of an array of cantilevers is demonstrated using optical beam deflection with a single laser-diode pair. Multi-frequency addressing makes the individual nanomechanical response of each cantilever distinguishable within the received signal. Addressing is accomplished by exciting the array with the sum of all cantilever resonant frequencies. This technique requires considerably less hardware compared to other parallel optical readout techniques. Readout is demonstrated in beam deflection mode and interference mode. Many cantilevers can be readout in parallel, limited by the oscillators' quality factor and available bandwidth. The proposed technique facilitates parallelism in applications at the nano-scale, including probe-based data storage and biological sensing. © 2010 IOP Publishing Ltd.

    document

  696. Self-assembly of (sub-)micron particles into supermaterials
    Elwenspoek, Miko; Abelmann, Leon; Berenschot, Erwin; Van Honschoten, Joost; Jansen, Henri; Tas, Niels;
    Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering,
    Volume 20, Issue 6, 2010. DOI: 10.1088/0960-1317/20/6/064001
    Keywords: ... Electric properties; Magnetic properties; Mechanical properties; Phase interfaces; Phase transitions; Stiction; Three dimensional; Disordered regions; Dynamic property; Electrical and magnetic property; First-order phase transitions; Kinetic process; Macroscopic systems; Mechanical interconnections; Static friction; Technological challenges; Three-dimensional structure; Self assembly.

    Abstract: ... We review aspects of static self-assembly with regard to the synthesizing of new types of three-dimensional materials made of specifically designed particles in the 100 nm to 10 μm range. Mechanical interconnection technologies based on static friction used in the assembly of macroscopic systems (such as screws and nails) are unsuitable for self-assembly. An analogy of self-assembly with first-order phase transitions is used to argue that self-assembly is a process requiring interfaces separating assembled and disordered regions. Available types of interaction are reviewed with emphasis on scaling. We discuss at some length how interaction and dynamic properties scale with respect to the particle size. Chains of particles seem to be of particular importance as they might form three-dimensional structures similar to proteins. These structures are constrained by the sequence of the particles and by their interactions between themselves and with the solvent. Using chains might provide a viable route to complex, inhomogeneous, supermaterials and systems. Kinetic processes, specifically nucleation and the relationship between self-assembly and thermodynamic phase transitions form a major part of this paper. Finally we review some applications of self-assembly, notably in MEMS, and put forward some ideas for the assembly of new types of (smart) supermaterials with interesting optical, mechanical, electrical and magnetic properties and describe some of the technological challenges we face when attempting to realize these materials and systems thereof. © 2010 IOP Publishing Ltd.

    document

  697. Spatial sensitivity mapping of Hall crosses using patterned magnetic nanostructures
    Alexandrou, M.; Nutter, P. W.; Delalande, M.; De Vries, J.; Hill, E. W.; Schedin, F.; Abelmann, L.; Thomson, T.;
    Journal of Applied Physics,
    Volume 108, Issue 4, 2010. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1063/1.3475485
    Keywords: ... Finite element method; Hall effect; Magnetic field effects; Nanostructured materials; Nanostructures; Platinum; Three dimensional; Anomalous Hall effects; Bit-patterned media; Co/Pt multilayer; Cross structures; Magnetic nanostructures; Magnetic switching; Nano-islands; Numerical simulation studies; Output voltages; Patterned magnetic nanostructure; Seed layer; Spatial sensitivity; Switching behaviors; Switching field distribution; Theoretical study; Three dimensional finite element model; Switching.

    Abstract: ... Obtaining an accurate profile of the spatial sensitivity of Hall cross structures is crucial if such devices are to be used to analyze the switching behavior of magnetic nanostructures and determine the switching field distribution of bit patterned media. Here, we have used the anomalous Hall effect to investigate the switching of patterned Co/Pt multilayer magnetic nanoislands, where the Hall cross has been integrated into the Pt seed layer. Using the anomalous Hall output voltage we have observed the magnetic switching of individual islands, allowing the spatial sensitivity across a Hall cross structure to be determined. The experimental results agree well with numerical simulation studies, using a three-dimensional finite element model, and with existing theoretical studies, where the spatial sensitivity of two-dimensional Hall cross structures have been found numerically. © 2010 American Institute of Physics.

    document

  698. Self-assembled three-dimensional non-volatile memories
    Abelmann, Leon; Tas, Niels; Berenschot, Erwin; Elwenspoek, Miko;
    Micromachines,
    Volume 1, Issue 1, pp. 1 – 18, 2010. All Open Access, Gold Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.3390/mi1010001
    Keywords: ... Crosstalk; Data storage equipment; Electric connectors; Memory architecture; MEMS; Self assembly; Silicon wafers; Associative network; Bit density; Corner lithography; Data storage; Electrical connection; Magnetic; Magnetic rings; Nano-sized elements; Non-volatile data; Non-volatile memories; Ring core; Self-assembled; Single crystal silicon; Non-volatile memory; Three dimensional.

    Abstract: ... The continuous increase in capacity of non-volatile data storage systems will lead to bit densities of one bit per atom in 2020. Beyond this point, capacity can be increased by moving into the third dimension. We propose to use self-assembly of nanosized elements, either as a loosely organised associative network or into a cross-point architecture. When using principles requiring electrical connection, we show the need for transistor-based cross-talk isolation. Cross-talk can be avoided by reusing the coincident current magnetic ring core memory architecture invented in 1953. We demonstrate that self-assembly of three-dimensional ring core memories is in principle possible by combining corner lithography and anisotropic etching into single crystal silicon. © 2010 by the authors. licensee Molecular Diversity Preservation International, Basel, Switzerland.

    document

  699. Optimized comb-drive finger shape for shock-resistant actuation
    Engelen, Johan B. C.; Abelmann, Leon; Elwenspoek, Miko C.;
    Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering,
    Volume 20, Issue 10, 2010. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1088/0960-1317/20/10/105003
    Keywords: ... Drives; Electric potential; Optimization; Voltage regulators; Analytical expressions; Analytical solutions; Comb drive; Comb-drive fingers; Commonly used; Constant force; External loads; Finger shape; Finite element analysis; Force Curve; Graphical methods; Large displacements; Unit cells; Finite element method.

    Abstract: ... This work presents the analytical solution, finite-element analysis, realization and measurement of comb drives with finger shapes optimized for shock-resistant actuation. The available force for actuating an external load determines how large shock forces can be compensated for. The optimized finger shape provides much more available force than the standard straight finger shape, especially at large displacements. A graphical method is presented to determine whether stable voltage control is possible for a given available force curve. An analytical expression is presented for the finger shape that provides a constant large available force over the actuation range. The new finger shape is asymmetric, and the unit-cell width is equal to the unit-cell width of standard straight fingers that are commonly used, and can be used in all applications where a large force is required. Because the unit-cell width is not increased, straight fingers can be replaced by the new finger shape without changing the rest of the design. It is especially suited for shock-resistant positioning and for applications where a constant force is desired. © 2010 IOP Publishing Ltd.

    document

  700. Characterization of epitaxial Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 thin films deposited by pulsed laser deposition on silicon cantilevers
    Nguyen, M. D.; Nazeer, H.; Karakaya, K.; Pham, S. V.; Steenwelle, R.; Dekkers, M.; Abelmann, L.; Blank, D. H. A.; Rijnders, G.;
    Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering,
    Volume 20, Issue 8, 2010. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1088/0960-1317/20/8/085022
    Keywords: ... Atomic force microscopy; Computer simulation; Deposition; Electrodes; Finite element method; Lead; Mathematical models; MEMS; Microelectromechanical devices; Nanocantilevers; Natural frequencies; Piezoelectricity; Pulsed laser deposition; Semiconducting silicon compounds; Zirconium; Analytical model; Cantilever displacement; Conductive oxides; Finite element simulations; Initial bending; Laser doppler; Micro electro mechanical system; Oxide layer; Pb(Zr , Ti)O; Piezoelectric stack; Quality factors; Resonance frequencies; Silicon cantilever; Silicon-on-insulator substrates; Tip displacement; Vibrometers; White-light interferometer; Pulsed lasers.

    Abstract: ... This paper reports on the piezoelectric-microelectromechanical system micro-fabrication process and the behavior of piezoelectric stacks actuated silicon cantilevers. All oxide layers in the piezoelectric stacks, such as buffer-layer/bottom-electrode/film/top-electrode: YSZ/SrRuO3/Pb(Zr, Ti)3/SrRuO3, were grown epitaxially on the Si template of silicon-on-insulator substrates by pulsed laser deposition. By using an analytical model and finite element simulation, the initial bending of the cantilevers was calculated. These theoretical analyses are in good agreement with the experimental results which were determined using a white light interferometer. The dependences of the cantilever displacement, resonance frequency and quality factor on the cantilever geometry have been investigated using a laser-Doppler vibrometer. The tip displacement ranged from 0.03 to 0.42 μm V?1, whereas the resonance frequency and quality factor values changed from 1010 to 18.6 kHz and 614 to 174, respectively, for the cantilevers with lengths in the range of 100-800 μm. Furthermore, the effect of the conductive oxide electrodes on the stability of the piezoelectric displacement of the cantilevers has been studied. © 2010 IOP Publishing Ltd.

    document

  701. Thermally induced switching field distribution of a single CoPt dot in a large array
    Engelen, J. B. C.; Delalande, M.; F{\`e}bre, A. J.; Bolhuis, T.; Shimatsu, T.; Kikuchi, N.; Abelmann, L.; Lodder, J. C.;
    Nanotechnology,
    Volume 21, Issue 3, 2010. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/21/3/035703
    Keywords: ... Hall effect; Hysteresis; Hysteresis loops; Magnetic field effects; Magnetic materials; Platinum; Rotating machinery; Semiconductor quantum dots; Shock absorbers; Switching; Anomalous Hall effects; Arrhenius models; Co-Pt dot; Continuous films; Dot array; High field; High sensitivity; Large arrays; Laser interference lithography; Magnetic dot arrays; Magnetic reversal; Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy; Switching field; Switching field distribution; Thermally induced; Magnetic anisotropy.

    Abstract: ... Magnetic dot arrays with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy were fabricated by patterning Co80Pt20-alloy continuous films by means of laser interference lithography. As commonly seen in large dot arrays, there is a large difference in the switching field between dots. Here we investigate the origin of this large switching field distribution, by using the anomalous Hall effect (AHE). The high sensitivity of the AHE permits us to measure the magnetic reversal of individual dots in an array of 80 dots with a diameter of 180nm. By taking 1000 hysteresis loops we reveal the thermally induced switching field distribution SFDT of individual dots inside the array. The SFD T of the first and last switching dots were fitted to an Arrhenius model, and a clear difference in switching volume and magnetic anisotropy was observed between dots switching at low and high fields. © 2010 IOP Publishing Ltd.

    document

  702. Magnetic Force Microscopy
    Abelmann, Leon;
    , 2010. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-374413-5.00029-4
    Abstract: ... Magnetic force microscopy (MFM) is a scanning probe microscopy technique which images the magnetic stray field above flat specimens. This article is intended for researchers either working with MFM instrumentation or analysing the results measured by operators. We will discuss the theory behind the technique including the different measurement modes, image formation and techniques for interpreting the images. Next the MFM instrumentation will be discussed, including system aspects, feedback loops and available MFM tips. An extensive list of literature for further reading is provided. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

    document

  703. Two types of silicon biomimetics MEMS gyroscopes
    w Cui; G. Pandraud; D.H.B. Wicaksono; Y. Chen; V. Rajaraman; P.J. French;
    conference, 2010.

  704. Optical and surface characterization of Al2O3 nanolayer deposited by atomic layer deposition as wave guide for biomedical sensor
    A. Purniawan; G. Pandraud; P.J. French; E. Margallo Balbas; P.M. Sarro;
    conference, 2010. CD.

  705. Design and modeling of a three mass, decoupled, tunable SOI-MEMS gyroscope with sense frame architecture
    I. Sabageh; V. Rajaraman; E. Cretu; P.J. French;
    conference, 2010. MME.

  706. Batch fabrication of scanning microscopy probes for thermal and magnetic imaging using standard micromachining
    Sarajlic, E.; Vermeer, R.; Delalande, M. Y.; Siekman, M. H.; Huijink, R.; Fujita, H.; Abelmann, L.;
    conference, 2010. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/MEMSYS.2010.5442498
    Keywords: ... Atomic force microscopy; Composite micromechanics; Conductive materials; Electric properties; Electric wire; Fabrication; Mechanical engineering; Mechanics; Micromachining; Nanocantilevers; Nanowires; Reactive ion etching; Scanning; Silicon nitride; Thermodynamic properties; AFM; Batch fabrication; Cross junction; Gold layer; Hall magnetometers; Local temperature; Magnetic imaging; Optical contact lithography; Probe tips; Scanning microscopy; Silicon-nitride nanowires; Thermal properties; Tip apex; Probes.

    Abstract: ... We present a process for batch fabrication of a novel scanning microscopy probe for thermal and magnetic imaging using standard micromachining and conventional optical contact lithography. The probe features an AFM-type cantilever with a sharp pyramidal tip composed of four freestanding silicon nitride nanowires coated by conductive material. The nanowires form an electrical cross junction at the apex of the tip, addressable through the electrodes integrated on the cantilever. The cross junction on the tip apex can be utilized to produce heat and detect local temperature changes or to serve as a miniaturized Hall magnetometer enabling, in principle, thermal and magnetic imaging by scanning the probe tip over a surface. We have successfully fabricated a first probe prototype with a nanowire tip composed of 140 nm thick and 11 μ m long silicon nitride wires metallized by 6 nm titan and 30 nm gold layers. We have experimentally characterized electrical and thermal properties of the probe demonstrating its proper functioning. ©2010 IEEE.

    document

  707. Optimized comb drive finger shape for shock-resistant actuation
    Engelen, Johan B. C.; Abelmann, Leon; Elwenspoek, Miko C.;
    conference, 2010. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/MEMSYS.2010.5442414
    Keywords: ... Mechanical engineering; Optimization; Reactive ion etching; Analytical expressions; Analytical solutions; Comb drive; Comb-drive fingers; External loads; Finger shape; Unit cells; Mechanics.

    Abstract: ... This work presents the analytical solution, realization and measurement of a comb drive with finger shapes optimized for shock-resistant actuation. The available force for actuating an external load determines how large shock forces can be compensated for. An analytical expression is presented for the finger shape that provides a constant large available force over the actuation range. The finger shape is asymmetric, resulting in a 20% smaller unit cell width compared to a symmetric shape. This finger shape provides 4 times more available force than the standard straight finger shape. ©2010 IEEE.

    document

  708. Piezojunction effect: stress influence on bipolar transistors
    J.F. Creemer; P.J. French;
    J. Burghartz (Ed.);
    Springer, , pp. 271-285, 2010.

  709. Silicon carbide thin film encapsulation of planar thermo- electric infrared detectors for an IR microspectrometer
    V. Rajaraman; G. de Graaf; P.J. French; K.A.A. Makinwa; R.F. Wolffenbuttel;
    {van Honschoten}, J; H Verputten; H Groenland (Ed.);
    MME, , pp. 20-23, 2010.

  710. Biomimetics learning from nature to make better transducers
    P.J. French; D.H.B. Wicaksono;
    J Dell; W Wlodarski (Ed.);
    apcot, , pp. 30-31, 2010.

  711. On-Chip Instantaneously Companding Filters for Wireless Communications
    Vaibhav Maheshwari; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Analog Circuit Design: Smart Data Converters, Filters on Chip, Multimode Transmitters,
    Springer, 2010.
    document

  712. Linearity enhancement in digital-to-analog converters using a modified decoding architecture
    Hokmabadi, S.M.; R. Lotfi;
    In ISCAS 2010 - 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems: Nano-Bio Circuit Fabrics and Systems,
    pp. 3361-3364, 2010.

  713. Capacitor scaling for low-power design of cyclic analog-to-digital converters
    Zaare', M.; R. Lotfi; Maymandi-nejad, M.;
    In ISCAS 2010 - 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems: Nano-Bio Circuit Fabrics and Systems,
    pp. 1456-1459, 2010.

  714. Low-dropout voltage reference: An approach to buffered architectures with low sensitivity
    Aminzadeh, H.; R. Lotfi; Mafinezhad, K.;
    In ISCAS 2010 - 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems: Nano-Bio Circuit Fabrics and Systems,
    pp. 849-852, 2010.

  715. Domino ADC: A novel analog-to-digital converter architecture
    Takhti, M., Sodagar, A.M.; R. Lotfi;
    In ISCAS 2010 - 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems: Nano-Bio Circuit Fabrics and Systems,
    pp. 4057-4060, 2010.

  716. A digital background correction technique combined with DWA for DAC mismatch errors in multibit ΣΔ ADCs
    Pakniat, H., Yavari, M.; R. Lotfi;
    In ISCAS 2010 - 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems: Nano-Bio Circuit Fabrics and Systems,
    pp. 293-296, 2010.

  717. A nonlinear signal-specific ADC for efficient neural recording
    Judy, M., Sodagar, A.M.; R. Lotfi;
    In 2010 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference, BioCAS 2010,
    pp. 17-20, 2010.

  718. Modeling and excitation of a thermo optical delay line for optical coherence tomography
    M. Geljon; E. Margallo Balbas; G. Pandraud; P.J. French;
    In Proc. IEEE Sensors,
    Waikoloa, Hawai, USA, pp. 991-994, 2010. ISBN 978-1-4244-8168-2; DOI 10.1109/ICSENS.2010.5690932.

  719. A 34dB SNDR Instantaneously-Companding Baseband SC Filter for 802.11a/g WLAN Receivers
    Vaibhav Maheshwari; Wouter A. Serdijn; John R. Long; John J. Pekarik;
    In Proc. International Solid-State Circuits Conference,
    IEEE, pp. 92-93, Febr. 8 2010.
    document

  720. Design of a versatile voltage based output stage for implantable neural stimulators
    Marijn N. van Dongen; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. Latin-American Symposium on Circuits and Systems (LASCAS),
    Iguasu Falls, Brazil, IEEE, Feb. 24-26 2010.
    document

  721. Instantaneously Companding Baseband SC Low-Pass Filter and ADC for 802.11a/g WLAN Receiver
    Shenjie Wang; Vaibhav Maheshwari; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Paris, France, IEEE, May 31-June 2 2010.
    document

  722. A 21pJ/Pulse FCC Compliant UWB Pulse Generator
    Yousif Shamsa; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Paris, France, IEEE, May 31-June 2 2010.
    document

  723. An Ultra Low-Power Peak-Instant Detector for a Peak Picking Cochlear Implant Processor
    Chutham Sawigun; Wannaya Ngamkham; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. Biomedical Circuits and Systems Symposium (BioCAS),
    Paphos, Cyprus, IEEE, Nov. 3-5 2010.
    document

  724. Comparison of speech processing strategies for the design of an ultra low-power analog bionic ear
    C. Sawigun; W. Ngamkham; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. Engineering in Medicine and Biology Conference (EMBC),
    Buenos Aires, Argentina, IEEE, pp. 1374-1377, Aug. 31-Sept. 4 2010.
    document

  725. A 24nW, 0.65-V, 74-dB SNDR, 83-dB DR, Class-AB Current-Mode Sample and Hold Circuit
    Chutham Sawigun; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Paris, France, IEEE, May 31-June 2 2010.
    document

  726. Analog Complex Gammatone Filter for Cochlear Implant Channels
    Wannaya Ngamkham; Chutham Sawigun; Senad Hiseni; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Paris, France, IEEE, May 31-June 2 2010.
    document

  727. Sub-GHz UWB Biomedical Communication
    Mark Stoopman; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. Biomedical Circuits and Systems Symposium (BioCAS),
    Paphos, Cyprus, IEEE, Nov. 3-5 2010.
    document

  728. A Least-Voltage Drop High Output Resistance Current Source for Neural Stimulation
    Chutham Sawigun; Wannaya Ngamkham; Marijn van Dongen; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. Biomedical Circuits and Systems Symposium (BioCAS),
    Paphos, Cyprus, IEEE, Nov. 3-5 2010.
    document

  729. An Additive Instantaneously Companding Readout System for Cochlear Implants
    Cees J. Bes; Chutham Sawigun; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. Biomedical Circuits and Systems Symposium (BioCAS),
    Paphos, Cyprus, IEEE, Nov. 3-5 2010.
    document

  730. Design of a Low Power 100 dB Dynamic Range Integrator for an Implantable Neural Stimulator
    Marijn van Dongen; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. Biomedical Circuits and Systems Symposium (BioCAS),
    Paphos, Cyprus, IEEE, Nov. 3-5 2010.
    document

  731. Pull in time based acceleration sensing
    Hau Bou sing; V. Rajaraman; L.A. Machado da Rocha; P.J. French;
    In P.J. French (Ed.), STW.ICT conference on Research in Information and Communication Technology 2010,
    STW, pp. 93-96, 2010.

  732. Biomimetics: learning from nature to make better sensors
    P.J. French; D.H.B. Wicaksono;
    In {De Lima Monteiro}, D; O Bonnaud; N Morimoto (Ed.), Microelectronics Technology and Devices - SBMicro 2009,
    Electrochemical Society, pp. 193-202, 2010.

  733. Li-ion shapeable batteries: a flexible platform for system-in-package
    N.B. Palacios Aguilera; A. Sridhar; U. Balda Irurzun; L. Giangrande; J. Bastemeijer; J.R. Mollinger; D.J. Van Dijck; J. Zhou; P.J. French; A. Bossche;
    In {French et al}, P (Ed.), Proceedings 13th SAFE Workshop of the STW.ICT Conference 2010,
    STW, pp. 131-135, 2010.

  734. Design and modelling of a decoupled, tunable SOI-MEMS gyroscope
    I. Sabageh; V. Rajaraman; E. Cretu; P.J. French;
    In {French et al}, PJ (Ed.), Proceedings 13th Workshop on Semiconductors Advances for Future Electronics,
    STW, pp. 143-147, 2010.

  735. TiO2 ALD nanolayer as evanescent waveguide for biomedical sensor applications
    A. Purniawan; P.J. French; G. Pandraud; P.M. Sarro;
    In {Jakoby et al}, B (Ed.), Proceedings Eurosensor XXIV Conference,
    Elsevier, pp. 1131-1135, 2010.

  736. Modeling and excitation of a thermo optical delay line for optical coherence tomography
    M. Geljon; E. Margallo Balbas; G. Pandraud; P.J. French;
    In T Kenny; G Fedder (Ed.), Proceedings IEEE Sensors 2010 Conference,
    IEEE, pp. 991-994, 2010.

  737. Time domain optical coherence tomography system with integrated delay line for surgical guidance applications
    M. Geljon; E. Margallo Balbas; G. Pandraud; D.H.B. Wicaksono; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings 2010 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC),
    IEEE, pp. 3017-3020, 2010. ISSN: 1557-170X Print ISBN: 978-1-4244-4123-5 Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), 2010 Annual International Conference of the IEEE.

  738. Quantitative analysis and decoupling of mass and stiffness effects in cantilever mass sensors
    H. Sadeghian Marnani; C.K. Yang; H. Goosen; A. Bossche; P.J. French; F. van Keulen;
    In {Fedder et al}, G (Ed.), Proceedings Sensors 2010,
    IEEE, pp. 631-634, 2010.

  739. Micro-optics assembly in dental drill as a platform for imaging and sensing during surgical drilling
    D.H.B. Wicaksono; E. Margallo Balbas; G. Pandraud; P.J. French; P. Breedveld; J. Dankelman;
    In T Kenny; G Fedder (Ed.), Proceedings of the 9th IEEE Sensors Conference 2010,
    IEEE, pp. 265-268, 2010.

  740. Design and modeling of a flexible contact mode piezoresistive detector for time based acceleration sensing
    V. Rajaraman; Hau Bou sing; Luis Rocha; P.J. French; K.A.A. Makinwa;
    In B Jakoby; M.J. Vellekoop (Ed.), Eurosensors XXIV,
    Elsevier, pp. 1063-1066, 2010.

  741. Design and modelling of a three mass, decoupled, tunable SOI MEMS gyroscope with sense frame architecture
    I. Sabageh; V. Rajaraman; E. Cretu; P.J. French;
    In {van Honschoten}, J; H Verputten; H Groenland (Ed.), 21st Micromechanics and Micro systems Europe 2010,
    MME, pp. 96-99, 2010.

  742. To integrate or not to integrate
    P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In G. Fedder; T. Kenney (Ed.), Proceedings IEEE Sensors 2010,
    IEEE, pp. 2179-2185, 2010.

  743. Evaluation of encapsulation materials for glued Li ion battery contacts
    N.B. Palacios Aguilera; L. Giangrande; J. Zhou; J.R. Mollinger; J. Bastemeijer; P.J. French; A. Bossche;
    In {French et al}, P (Ed.), Proceedings of 13th SAFE Workshop of the STW.ICT Conference 2010,
    STW, pp. 127-130, 2010.

  744. Al2O3 nanolayer as evanescent waveguide for biomedical sensor application
    A. Purniawan; Y. Huang; G. Pandraud; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In {Amft et al}, O (Ed.), Proceedings of 3rd International Conference on Biomedical Electronics and Devices,
    BIODEVICES, pp. 44-48, 2010. CD.

  745. Electric field focusing and shifting technique in deep brain stimulation using a dynamic tripolar current source
    Valente, Virgilio; Demosthenous, Andreas; Bayford, Richard;
    In Proceedings of 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    IEEE, pp. 2091--2094, May 2010. DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS.2010.5537222
    document

  746. Design of a current-steering implantable stimulator with electric field shifting for deep brain stimulation
    Valente, Virgilio; Demosthenous, Andreas; Bayford, Richard;
    In 2010 Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS),
    IEEE, pp. 162--165, November 2010. DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2010.5709596
    document

  747. Design of low-power single-stage operational amplifiers based on an optimized settling model
    Aminzadeh, H.; R. Lotfi; Mafinezhad, K.;
    Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing,
    Volume 58, Issue 2, pp. 153-160, 2009.

  748. Modified model for settling behavior of operational amplifiers in nanoscale CMOS
    Rezaee-Dehsorkh, H., Ravanshad, N.; R. Lotfi; Mafinezhad, K.;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs,
    Volume 56, Issue 5, pp. 384-388, 2009.

  749. Low-dropout voltage reference: An approach to low-temperature-sensitivity architectures with high drive capability
    Aminzadeh, H.; R. Lotfi; Mafinezhad, K.;
    Electronics Letters,
    Volume 45, Issue 24, pp. 1200-1201, 2009.

  750. ar-infrared sensor with LPCVD-deposited low-stress Si-rich nitride absorber membranes: Part 1. Optical absorptivity
    F. Jutzi; D.H.B. Wicaksono; G. Pandraud; N. de Rooij; P.J. French;
    Sensors and actuators a-physical,
    Volume 152, pp. 119-125, 2009.

  751. Far-infrared sensor with LPCVD-deposited low-stress Si-rich nitride absorber membrane: Part 2: Thermal property, and sensitivity
    F. jutzi; D.H.B. Wicaksono; G. Pandraud; N. de Rooij; P.J. French;
    Sensors and actuators a-physical,
    Volume 152, pp. 126-138, 2009.

  752. Atomic layer deposition of TiO2 photonic crystal waveguide biosensors
    E. Jardinier; G. Pandraud; H.T.M. Pham; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    Journal of physics: conference series,
    Volume 187, 2009.

  753. Atomic layer deposition TiO2 photonic crystal waveguide of biosensors
    E. Jardinier; G. Pandraud; H.T.M. Pham; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    IOP journal of physics,
    pp. 1-4, 2009.

  754. Emerging applications of wavelets: A review
    A.N. Akansu; I.W. Selesnick; W.A. Serdijn;
    Physical Communication (Elsevier),
    2009. doi:10.1016/j.phycom.2009.07.001.
    document

  755. Guest Editorial Special Issue on ISCAS 2008
    A.C. Carusone; Y. Ismail; U. Moon; H. Schmid; W.A. Serdijn; G. Setti;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems - I: Regular Papers,
    Volume 56, Issue 5, pp. 861-864, May 2009.
    document

  756. Ultralow-power, class-AB, CMOS four-quadrant current multiplier
    C. Sawigun; W.A. Serdijn;
    Electronics Letters,
    Volume 45, Issue 10, May 7 2009.
    document

  757. Far-infrared sensor with LPCVD-deposited low-stress Si-rich nitride absorber membrane¿Part 2: Thermal property, and sensitivity
    F. jutzi; D.H.B. Wicaksono; G. Pandraud; N. de rooij; P.J. French;
    Sensors and Actuators A: Physical: an international journal devoted to research and development of physical and chemical transducers,
    Volume 152, pp. 126-138, 2009.

  758. Far-infrared sensor with LPCVD-deposited low-stress Si-rich nitride absorber membrane-part 2.Thermal property and sensitivity
    F. jutzi; D.H.B. Wicaksono; G. Pandraud; N. de rooij; P.J. French;
    Sensors and Actuators A: Physical: an international journal devoted to research and development of physical and chemical transducers,
    Volume A152-2(2), pp. 126-138, 2009.

  759. Atomic layer deposition of TiO2 photonic crystal waveguide biosensors
    E. Jardinier; G. Pandraud; H.T.M. Pham; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    Journal of Physics: Conference Series,
    Volume 187, pp. 012043-1-0120, 2009.

  760. Far-infrared sensor with LPCVD-deposited low-stress Si-rich nitride absorber membrane¿Part 1. Optical absorptivity
    F. jutzi; D.H.B. Wicaksono; G. Pandraud; N. de rooij; P.J. French;
    Sensors and Actuators A: Physical: an international journal devoted to research and development of physical and chemical transducers,
    Volume 152, pp. 119-125, 2009.

  761. Characterizing size-dependent effective elastic modulus of silicon nanocantilevers using electrostatic pull-in instability
    H. Sadeghian Marnani; C.K. Yang; J.F.L. Goosen; E. Drift; A. Bossche; P.J. French; F. van Keulen;
    Applied Physics Letters,
    Volume 94, Issue 221903, pp. 1-3, 2009.

  762. Effects of surface stress on nanocantilevers
    H. Sadeghian Marnani; C.K. Yang; K. Babaei Gavan; J.F.L. Goosen; EW.J.M. van der Drift; H.S.J. van der Zant; A. Bossche; P.J. French; F. van Keulen;
    E-Journal of Surface Science and Nanotechnology,
    Volume 7, pp. 161-166, 2009.

  763. Alternative Runx1 Promoter Usage in Mouse Developmental Hematopoiesis
    Thomas Bee; Kate Liddiard; Gemma Swiers; Sorrel R.B. Bickley; Chris S. Vink; Andrew Jarratt; Jim R. Hughes; Alexander Medvinsky; Marella F.T.R. de Bruijn;
    Blood Cells, Molecules, and Diseases,
    Volume 43, Issue 1, pp. 35--42, July 2009. DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2009.03.011
    document

  764. A mass-balanced through-wafer electrostatic x/y-scanner for probe data storage
    Engelen, J. B. C.; Rothuizen, H. E.; Drechsler, U.; Stutz, R.; Despont, M.; Abelmann, L.; Lantz, M. A.;
    Microelectronic Engineering,
    Volume 86, Issue 4-6, pp. 1230 – 1233, 2009. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1016/j.mee.2008.11.032
    Keywords: ... Actuators; Aspect ratio; Data storage equipment; Drives; Electrostatics; Finite element method; MEMS; Microelectromechanical devices; Probes; Reactive ion etching; Scanning; Comb drive; Data storage applications; Data storages; Deep reactive ion etchings; DRIE; Finger shapes; Finite-element analysis (FEA); In planes; Out-of-plane directions; Probe storage; Prototype devices; Shock resistances; Electrostatic actuators.

    Abstract: ... In this work we describe the design, fabrication, and testing of a mass-balanced planar x/y-scanner designed for parallel-probe data storage applications. The scanner is actuated by comb drives, whose finger shape is improved using finite-element analysis to increase the force output. A mass-balancing concept is used for in-plane shock resistance; in the out-of-plane direction passive shock resistance is achieved using 1:40 aspect-ratio springs that are fabricated by deep reactive ion etching through the full thickness of a 400 μm wafer. A prototype device is presented and its performance is reported. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

    document

  765. Tailoring particle arrays by isotropic plasma etching: An approach towards percolated perpendicular media
    Brombacher, Christoph; Saitner, Marc; Pfahler, Christian; Plettl, Alfred; Ziemann, Paul; Makarov, Denys; Assmann, Daniel; Siekman, Martin H.; Abelmann, Leon; Albrecht, Manfred;
    Nanotechnology,
    Volume 20, Issue 10, 2009. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/20/10/105304
    Keywords: ... Anisotropy; Cobalt; Crystallization; Macromolecular Substances; Magnetics; Materials Testing; Membranes, Artificial; Molecular Conformation; Nanostructures; Nanotechnology; Particle Size; Platinum; Surface Properties; Magnetic anisotropy; Magnetic multilayers; Nanostructures; Plasma etching; Plasmas; Polystyrenes; nanomaterial; polystyrene; cobalt; nanomaterial; platinum; Co/pt multilayers; Domain nucleations; Domain-wall pinning; Etching time; Isotropic plasmas; Linear dependences; Magnetic nanostructures; Magnetic reversals; Packed arrays; Particle arrays; Particle locations; Particle systems; Perpendicular magnetic anisotropies; Perpendicular medias; Polystyrene particles; Single domains; Sub-50 nm; anisotropy; article; chemical reaction; film; magnetism; particle size; periodicity; priority journal; anisotropy; artificial membrane; chemistry; conformation; crystallization; macromolecule; materials testing; methodology; nanotechnology; surface property; ultrastructure; Magnetic bubbles.

    Abstract: ... Plasma etching of densely packed arrays of polystyrene particles leads to arrays of spherical nanostructures with adjustable diameters while keeping the periodicity fixed. A linear dependence between diameter of the particles and etching time was observed for particles down to sizes of sub-50nm. Subsequent deposition of Co/Pt multilayers with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy onto these patterns leads to an exchange-decoupled, single-domain magnetic nanostructure array surrounded by a continuous magnetic film. The magnetic reversal characteristic of the film-particle system is dominated by domain nucleation and domain wall pinning at the particle locations, creating a percolated perpendicular media system. © 2009 IOP Publishing Ltd.

    document

  766. Reduction of time-varying nanotesla magnetic fields from electric power lines by twisting
    Been, Auke J.; Folkertsma, Gerrit A.; Verputten, Hein H. J.; Bolhuis, Thijs; Abelmann, Leon;
    Journal of Electron Microscopy,
    Volume 58, Issue 4, pp. 251 – 252, 2009. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1093/jmicro/dfp002
    Keywords: ... Electric lines; Electron microscopy; Timing circuits; % reductions; Disturbance; Electric circuitry; Electric power lines; Electrical power; Instrumentation; Magnetic-field; Power lines; Time varying; Time-varying magnetic fields; Magnetic fields.

    Abstract: ... Time-varying magnetic fields generated by electrical power lines in the laboratory can disturb electron microscope imaging. Modern microscopes require these fields to be below 10 nT 2. We calculated and measured magnetic fields from straight and twisted current-carrying wires, and show that without twisting, this value cannot be reached.

    document

  767. Ultra Low-Power Biomedical Signal Processing: an analog wavelet filter approach for pacemakers
    Sandro A.P. Haddad; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    Dordrecht, the Netherlands: Springer, , 2009. ISBN: 978-1-4020-9072-1.

  768. Circuits and Systems for Future Generations of Wireless Communications
    A. Tasic; W.A. Serdijn; L.E. Larson; G. Setti (Editors);
    Springer, , May 2009. ISBN: 978-1-4020-9918-2.

  769. Monthly report 18.3 for Nissan, december 2008
    P.J. French;
    Delft University of Technology, , 2009.

  770. Monthly report 18.4 for Nissan, March 2009
    P.J. French;
    Delft University of Technology, , 2009.

  771. Wireless sensor network project PLEISTER Package label electronics including sensing talkative radio
    J. Bastemeijer; J.R. Mollinger; L. Giangrande; Berenice Palacios Aguilera; P.J. French; A. Bossche;
    conference, 2009. NEO IEEE Sensors.

  772. Improved performance of large stroke comb-drive actuators by using a stepped finger shape
    Engelen, J. B. C.; Lantz, M. A.; Rothuizen, H. E.; Abelmann, L.; Elwenspoek, M. C.;
    conference, 2009. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/SENSOR.2009.5285744
    Keywords: ... Actuators; Electrostatics; Finite element method; MEMS; Microelectromechanical devices; Microsystems; Piezoelectric transducers; Probes; Solid-state sensors; Comb drive; Comb fingers; Comb-drive actuator; Finger shape; Finite element analysis; Large-stroke; MEMS probes; Probe storage; Electrostatic actuators.

    Abstract: ... In this work we describe an electrostatic mass-balanced planar x/y-scanner, using an optimized comb finger shape, designed for parallel-probe storage applications. We show a new stepped comb finger shape design, that has superior force/displacement characteristics leading to a larger stroke at the same voltage and a larger available force compared to straight or tapered shapes. ©2009 IEEE.

    document

  773. Surface contamination induced resonance frequency shift of cantilevers
    H. Sadeghian; C.K. Yang; K. Babaei Gavan; J.F.L. Goosen; EW.J.M. van der Drift; H.S.J. van der Zant; P.J. French; A. Bossche; F. van Keulen;
    s.n. (Ed.);
    IEEE Computer Society, , pp. 396-399, 2009.

  774. A versatile CMOS compatible PECVD silicon carbide MEMS technology
    L. Pakula; V. Rajaraman; P.J. French;
    s.n. (Ed.);
    ICMEMS, , pp. 0-4, 2009.

  775. A low-power architecture for integrating analog-to-digital converters
    Rahiminejad, E.; R. Lotfi;
    In 2009 16th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems, ICECS 2009,
    pp. 411-414, 2009.

  776. Analysis oy the linearity of pipelined ADC due to capacitor non-linearity
    Saberi, M.; R. Lotfi;
    In 2009 16th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems, ICECS 2009,
    pp. 403-406, 2009.

  777. Experimental characterisation of roughness induced scattering loss in Si and SiC waveguide sensors
    E. Margallo; C.K. Yang; G. Pandraud; P.J. French;
    In Proceedings of IEEE SENSORS 2009,
    Christchurch, NZ, pp. 1557-1561, 2009.

  778. Rapid scanning delay line for optical coherence tomography based on the thermo-optic effect in silicon
    E. Margallo; G. Pandraud; P.J. French;
    In Proc. of Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Conference. TRANSDUCERS 2009,
    Denver, US, pp. 501-504, 2009.
    document

  779. Robust wafer-level thin-film encapsulation of Microstructures using low stress PECVD silicon carbide
    V. Rajaraman; L.S. Pakula; H.T.M. Pham; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French;
    In Proc. IEEE MEMS 2009,
    Sorrento, Italy, pp. 140-143, 2009.

  780. Single wafer surface micromachined field emission electron source
    F. Santagata; C.K. Yang; J.F. Creemer; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In PM Sarro & C Hierold (Eds.), Proceedings of IEEE MEMS 2009 Conference,
    Sorrento, Italy, IEEE, pp. 848-851, 2009.

  781. Bio-inspired dome-shape SiO2/SiN membrane as strain-amplifying transducer
    D.H.B. Wicaksono; G. Pandraud; C.K. Yang; J. Dankelman; P.J. French;
    In J. Brugger; D. Briand (Ed.), Eurosensors XXIII,
    Lausanne, Switzerland, Elsevier, pp. 770-773), 2009.
    document

  782. Design of a general purpose implantable brain tissue stimulator
    Marijn N. van Dongen; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Book of Abstracts, Dutch Conference on Biomedical Engineering (BME),
    Egmond aan Zee, the Netherlands, Jan. 22-23 2009.

  783. A structured wavelet filter design methodology
    Michiel A. Grashuis; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Book of Abstracts, Dutch Conference on Biomedical Engineering (BME),
    Egmond aan Zee, the Netherlands, Jan. 22-23 2009.

  784. Ultra-low-power design of analog-to-digital converters for wearable and implantable medical devices
    Reza Lotfi; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Book of Abstracts, Dutch Conference on Biomedical Engineering (BME),
    Egmond aan Zee, the Netherlands, Jan. 22-23 2009.

  785. A Compact, Nano-Power CMOS Action Potential Detector
    Senad Hiseni; Chutham Sawigun; Wannaya Ngamkham; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS),
    Beijing, China, IEEE, Nov. 26-28 2009.
    document

  786. Wearable and Implantable Medical Devices: electronics for better treatment and care
    Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Book of Abstracts, XXIV Conference on Design of Circuits and Integrated Systems (DCIS),
    Zaragoza, Spain, Nov. 18-20 2009. keynote talk.

  787. Dynamic Translinear Nonlinear Energy Operator
    Senad Hiseni; Chutham Sawigun; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. European Conference on Circuit Theory and Design (ECCTD),
    Antalya, Turkey, Aug. 23-27 2009.
    document

  788. A Nano-Power Class-AB Current Multiplier for Energy-based Action Potential Detector
    Chutham Sawigun; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. European Conference on Circuit Theory and Design (ECCTD),
    Antalya, Turkey, Aug. 23-27 2009.
    document

  789. Syllabic Companding Baseband Switched Capacitor Filter for WLAN 802.11a/g Receivers
    Vaibhav Maheshwari; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. European Conference on Circuit Theory and Design (ECCTD),
    Antalya, Turkey, Aug. 23-27 2009.
    document

  790. Power aware adaptive multi-standard analog circuits and systems
    Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In National Semiconductor University, Distinguised Faculty Seminar,
    Delft, the Netherlands and Santa Clara, CA, USA, June 11 2009. invited presentation.

  791. An Ultra-Low-Power 10-Bit 100-kS/s Successive-Approximation Analog-to-Digital Converter
    Reza Lotfi; Rabe?eh Majidi; Mohammad Maymandi-Nejad; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Taipei, Taiwan, IEEE, May 24-27 2009.
    document

  792. Nanopower Sampled Data Wavelet Filter Design using Switched Gain Cell Technique
    Chutham Sawigun; Michiel Grashuis; Ralf Peeters; Wouter Serdijn;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Taipei, Taiwan, IEEE, May 24-27 2009.
    document

  793. A low power UWB-LNA using Active Dual Loop Negative feedback in CMOS 0.13um
    Akshay Visweswaran; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Taipei, Taiwan, IEEE, May 24-27 2009.
    document

  794. A Time-Interleaved Sampling Delay Circuit for IR UWB Receivers
    Duan Zhao; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Taipei, Taiwan, IEEE, May 24-27 2009.
    document

  795. On-chip instantaneously companding filters for wireless communications
    Vaibhav Maheshwari; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. Advanced in Analog Circuit Design (AACD),
    Lund, Sweden, March 31-April 2009. invited presentation.

  796. Analog Wavelet Filters for Biomedical Signal Characterization
    Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Book of Abstracts, CMOS Emerging Technologies Workshop (CMOS-ET),
    Banff, Canada, Feb. 18-20 2009. invited presentation.

  797. A biomedical signal processing platform for low-power real-time sensing of cardiac signals (BIOSENS)
    Joel Karel; Richard P.M. Houben; Ronald L. Westra; Wouter A. Serdijn; Sandro A.P. Haddad; Ralf L.M. Peeters;
    In Book of Abstracts, Dutch Conference on Biomedical Engineering (BME),
    Egmond aan Zee, the Netherlands, Jan. 22-23 2009. invited presentation.

  798. True wideband low-noise amplifier design employing double-loop negative feedback
    Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Book of Abstracts, CMOS Emerging Technologies Workshop (CMOS-ET),
    Banff, Canada, Feb. 18-20 2009. invited presentation.

  799. Bio-inspired dome-shape SiO2/SiN membrane as strain-amplifying transducer
    D.H.B. Wicaksono; G. Pandraud; C.K. Yang; J. Dankelman; P.J. French;
    In J Brugger; D Briand (Ed.), Procedia Chemistry, Volume 1, Issue 1,
    Elsevier, pp. 770-773, 2009.

  800. Gluing as an alternative to solder flexible batteries for its use in system-in-a-package: preliminary results
    N.B. Palacios Aguilera; J.R. Mollinger; J. Bastemeijer; J. Zhou; P.J. French; A. Bossche;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of 11th Electronics packaging technology conference,
    IEEE, pp. 550-555, 2009.

  801. Atomic layer deposition TiO2 photonic crystal waveguide of biosensors
    E. Jardinier; G. Pandraud; H.T.M. Pham; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In s.n. (Ed.), IOP journal of physics;conference series,
    IOP, pp. 1-4, 2009.

  802. SOI digital accelerometer based on pull-in time configuration
    L. Pakula; V. Rajaraman; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), NEMS,
    IEEE NEMS, pp. 1-4, 2009.

  803. Robust wafer-level thin-film encapsulation of Microstructures using low stress PECVD silicon carbide
    V. Rajaraman; L.S. Pakula; H.T.M. Pham; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French;
    In P.M. Sarro; C Hierold (Ed.), Proc. IEEE MEMS 2009,
    IEEE, pp. 140-143, 2009.

  804. Biomemitics:learning from nature to make better sensors
    P.J. French; D.H.B. Wicaksono;
    In s.n. (Ed.), proceedings of 24th symposium on microelectronics technology and devices-SBMicro 2009,
    The Electrochemical Society, pp. 193-202, 2009.

  805. Rapid scanning delay line for optical coherence tomography based on the thermo-optic effect in silicon
    E. Margallo; G. Pandraud; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proc. of Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Conference, 2009. TRANSDUCERS 2009,
    IEEE, pp. 501-504, 2009.

  806. Effect of Laser Deflection on Resonant Cantilever Sensors
    C.K. Yang; A. Bossche; P.J. French; H. Sadeghian Marnani; J.F.L. Goosen; F. van Keulen; K. Babaei Gavan; H.S.J. van der Zant; EW.J.M. van der Drift;
    In {Makhopadhyay, S.C.} (Ed.), Proceedings of the IEEE Sensors 2009 Conference, 25-28 October 2009, Christchurch, New Zealand,
    IEEE, pp. 869-872, 2009.

  807. Single wafer surface micromachined field emission electron source
    F. Santagata; C.K. Yang; J.F. Creemer; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In P.M. Sarro; C Hierold (Ed.), Single wafer surface micromachined field emission electron source,
    IEEE, pp. 848-851, 2009.

  808. Experimental characterisation of roughness induced scattering loss in Si and SiC waveguide sensors
    E. Margallo; C.K. Yang; G. Pandraud; P.J. French;
    In SC Mukhopadhyay (Ed.), Proceedings of IEEE SENSORS 2009,
    IEEE, pp. 1557-1561, 2009.

  809. Experimental characterisation of roughness induced scattering loss in Si and SiC waveguide sensors
    E. Margallo; C.K. Yang; G. Pandraud; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of IEEE Sensors 2009,
    IEEE, pp. 1557-1561, 2009.

  810. Comparision of conductive glues and ultrasonic welding to contact formable batteries for its use in system-in-a-package: preliminary results
    N.B. Palacios Aguilera; J. Bastemeijer; J.R. Mollinger; J. Zhou; P.J. French; A. Bossche;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of SAFE 2009,
    STW, pp. 99-102, 2009.

  811. Modeling heat generation and temperature distribution for temperature sensing during dental surgical drilling
    M. abayazid; D.H.B. Wicaksono; J. Dankelman; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of SAFE 2009,
    STW, pp. 1-10, 2009.

  812. On the size-dependent elastic behavior of silicon nanocantilevers
    H. Sadeghian Marnani; C.K. Yang; J.F.L. Goosen; A. Bossche; U. Staufer; P.J. French; F. van Keulen;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of the MicroMechanics Europe 2009 Conference, September 20-22, 2009, Toulouse, France,
    MME, pp. 1-4, 2009.

  813. Surfaces Induce Errors in Resonance-Shift Sensing
    C.K. Yang; H. Sadeghian Marnani; K. Babaei Gavan; J.F.L. Goosen; E. Drift; H.S.J. van der Zant; A. Bossche; F. van Keulen; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of the Sense of Contact 11, 8 April 2009, Zeist, The Netherlands,
    Sense of Contact 2009, pp. 1-6, 2009.

  814. Tissue spectroscopy by regularisation of an ill-posed black-body inverse problem
    J. Amor-rio; E. Margallo; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of Sense of Contact 2009,
    STW, pp. 1-6, 2009.

  815. Early feasibility study for MOMS-based shear stress sensing in dental drilling
    D.H.B. Wicaksono; F. Carta; P.J. French; P. Breedveld; J. Dankelman;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of SAFE 2009,
    STW, pp. 545-550, 2009.

  816. Size effects on the bending stiffness of silicon nanocantilevers
    H. Sadeghian Marnani; C.K. Yang; J.F.L. Goosen; A. Bossche; P.J. French; F. van Keulen;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of ProRISC 2009, 20th Annual Workshop on circuits, Systems and Signal Processing, SAFE 2009, 12th Annual Workshop on Semiconductor Advances for Future Electronics and Sensors, November 26-27, 2009, Veldhoven, The Netherlands,
    ProRISC en SAFE, pp. 108-111, 2009.

  817. Integrated sensor-packaging probe for dental drilling system:design and early fabrication results
    D.H.B. Wicaksono; E. Margallo; P. Breedveld; P.J. French; J. Dankelman;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of SAFE 2009,
    STW, pp. 556-560, 2009.

  818. Design and fabrication of an Al2O3 nanolayer as evanescent waveguide sensor for biomedical application
    A. Purniawan; Y. Huang; G. Pandraud; H.T.M. Pham; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In s.n. (Ed.), 12th Annual Workshop on Semiconductor Advances for Future Electronics,
    s.n., pp. 48-51, 2009.

  819. Bio-inspired dome-shape SiO2/SiN membrane as strain-amplifying transducer
    D.H.B. Wicaksono; G. Pandraud; C.K. Yang; J. Dankelman; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of Eurosensors, XXIII 2009,
    s.n., pp. 770-773, 2009.

  820. Temperature Sensitivity of Silicon Cantilevers with the Pull-in Instability Method
    H. Sadeghian Marnani; C.K. Yang; J.F.L. Goosen; A. Bossche; P.J. French; F. van Keulen;
    In {Brugger, J.}; {Briand, D.} (Ed.), Proceedings of the Eurosensors XXIII Conference, 6-9 September 2009, Lausanne, Switzerland,
    Elsevier, pp. 1387-1390, 2009.

  821. Temperature Sensitivity of Silicon Cantilevers with the Pull-in Instability Method
    H. Sadeghian Marnani; C.K. Yang; J.F.L. Goosen; A. Bossche; P.J. French; F. van Keulen;
    In {Brugger, J.}; {Briand, D.} (Ed.), Proceedings of the Eurosensors XXIII Conference, 6-9 September 2009, Lausanne, Switzerland,
    Elsevier, pp. 1387-1390, 2009.

  822. Wafer-level PECVD sic micropackaging technology for MEMS devices
    V. Rajaraman; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), STW, pp. 1-4, 2009.

  823. Study of fabrication strategies for silicon in cochlear implants
    N.S. Lawand; P.J. French; J. Briaire; J.H.M. Frijns;
    In s.n. (Ed.), STW, pp. 28-31, 2009.

  824. Application of phased array systems to deep brain stimulation
    Valente, Virgilio; Demosthenous, Andreas; Bayford, Richard;
    In 2009 16th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems - (ICECS 2009),
    IEEE, pp. 643--646, December 2009. DOI: 10.1109/ICECS.2009.5410805
    document

  825. System and method for micro- and nanoelectromechanical sample mass measurement
    H. Sadeghian Marnani; C.K. Yang; F. van Keulen; J.F.L. Goosen; A. Bossche; P.J. French;
    2009. Op naam van TU Delft; 2003643; Op naam van TU Delft.

  826. Infrared sensor comprising a golay cell
    D.H.B. Wicaksono; P.J. French; C. Maeda; K. Kagawa; H. Onome; E. Kakiuchi;
    2009.

  827. Passive RF filter
    Sumit Bagga; Wouter Anton Serdijn;
    Patent, Dutch NL2001658C2, Dec 2009. Assignee: Univ Delft Tech.
    document

  828. Design of high-speed two-stage cascode-compensated operational amplifiers based on settling time and open-loop parameters
    Aminzadeh, H., Danaie, M.; R. Lotfi;
    Integration, the VLSI Journal,
    Volume 41, Issue 2, pp. 183-192, 2008.

  829. On the power efficiency of cascode compensation over miller compensation in two-stage operational amplifiers
    Aminzadeh, H.; R. Lotfi;
    Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers,
    Volume 17, Issue 1, pp. 1-13, 2008.

  830. A sub-1-V high-gain single-stage operational amplifier
    Alireza Zabihian, S.; R. Lotfi;
    IEICE Electronics Express,
    Volume 5, Issue 7, pp. 211-216, 2008.

  831. Low-cost area-efficient low-dropout regulators using MOSFET capacitors
    Aminzadeh, H.; R. Lotfi; Mafinezhad, K.;
    IEICE Electronics Express,
    Volume 5, Issue 16, pp. 610-616, 2008.

  832. 0.75 V micro-power SI memory cell with feedthrough error reduction
    C. Sawigun; W.A. Serdijn;
    Electronics Letters,
    Volume 44, Issue 9, April 24 2008.
    document

  833. Guest Editorial Special Issue on Multifunctional Circuits and Systems for Future Generations of Wireless Communications?II
    Tasic, A.; Serdijn, W.A.; Larson, L.E.;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs,
    Volume 55, Issue 4, pp. 297-298, April 2008.
    document

  834. Guest Editorial Special Issue on Multifunctional Circuits and Systems for Future Generations of Wireless Communications?I
    Tasic, A.; Serdijn, W.A.; Larson, L.E.;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs,
    Volume 55, Issue 3, pp. 207-208, March 2008.
    document

  835. Integration of a Pulse Generator on Chip into a Miniaturized Ultra-Wideband Antenna
    A.V. Vorobyov; S. Bagga; A.G. Yarovoy; S.A.P. Haddad; Z. Irahhauten; W.A. Serdijn; J.R. Long; L.P. Ligthart;
    IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,
    March 2008.
    document

  836. An ultra low power CMOS pA/V transconductor and its application to wavelet filters
    Peterson R. Agostinho; Sandro A. P. Haddad; Jader A. De Lima; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing,
    2008. DOI: 10.1007/s10470-008-9193-6, invited paper.
    document

  837. Low-voltage, low-power, low switching error, class-AB switched current memory cell
    C. Sawigun; W.A. Serdijn;
    Electronics Letters,
    Volume 44, Issue 12, June 5 2008.
    document

  838. Field emission for cantilever sensors
    C.K. Yang; A.J. le Fèbre; G. Pandraud; EW.J.M. van der Drift; P.J. French;
    Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology. Part B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures,
    Volume 26, Issue 3, pp. 927-933, 2008.

  839. Fabrication and characterization of a PECVD SiC evanescent wave optical sensor
    G. Pandraud; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    Sensors and Actuators A: Physical: an international journal devoted to research and development of physical and chemical transducers,
    Volume 142, pp. 61-66, 2008.

  840. Nano-structure or nano-system:opportunities and pitfalls
    P.J. French; C.K. Yang;
    Sensors & Transducers,
    pp. 1-9, 2008.

  841. Heat-assisted magnetic probe recording onto a thin film with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy
    Onoue, T.; Siekman, M.; Abelmann, L.; Lodder, J. C.;
    Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics,
    Volume 41, Issue 15, 2008. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1088/0022-3727/41/15/155008
    Keywords: ... Crystallography; Magnetic anisotropy; Magnetic materials; Magnetic recording; Thick films; Capacitive currents; Current source; Cylindrical domains; Demagnetizing fields; External fields; Film-thickness; Heating processes; Magnetic probe recording; Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy; Perpendicular medium; Magnetic properties.

    Abstract: ... The possibility of magnetic probe recording into a continuous perpendicular medium is discussed. By applying a current from the tip to the medium, a very localized area can be heated and bits as small as 80 nm in diameter could be written. This value is close to the calculated minimum diameter of reversed cylindrical domains in our perpendicular medium. A current can be injected directly from the tip to the medium by means of a current source, or one can use capacitive currents. We prefer the first method, since the current, and therefore the heating process, can be controlled more precisely. The energy required to write a bit is in the order of 1 nJ. Calculations show that most of the heat is dissipated at the tip end. Demagnetizing fields of the surrounding material play an important role and are so strong that bits can be written without applying an external field. By decreasing the film thickness, the demagnetizing fields are reduced, and selective overwriting of previously written bits could be demonstrated. © 2008 IOP Publishing Ltd.

    document

  842. Field emission at nanometer distances for high-resolution positioning
    Le F{\`e}bre, A. J.; Abelmann, L.; Lodder, J. C.;
    Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures,
    Volume 26, Issue 2, pp. 724 – 729, 2008. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1116/1.2894898
    Keywords: ... Annealing; Atomic force microscopy; Silicon; Titanium compounds; High resolution positioning; Nanometer distances; Field emission.

    Abstract: ... The dependence of the field emission effect on distance is applied for displacement sensing and high-resolution positioning. Silicon atomic force microscopy probes were used as a field emission source by applying voltages up to 400 V between this probe and a counter-electrode sample consisting of TiW sputtered on a silicon wafer. From current-voltage characteristics measured for distances varying from 50 to 950 nm, values for the field enhancement factor were determined which show a dependence on the electrode separation. This dependence can be correctly described by a model the authors developed using finite-element calculations and is determined by the emitter geometry and tip radius. Feedback to the probe position was used to maintain a constant current to apply this distance dependence for positioning. When increasing the applied voltage from 5 to 40 V for a constant current of 3 nA, the probe position is raised ∼90 nm. The nonlinear sensitivity of this positioning method is determined by the varying field enhancement and can be fitted by the same calculated model. Using feedback, the field emitter can be positioned with high lateral resolution and scanned over a conducting surface. Increasing the bias voltage from 3 to 50 V results in an increase in the emitter-sample distance and a decrease in lateral resolution. Damage to the scanned surface has to be prevented by using a current-limiting resistor and by annealing the probe and sample under ultra high vacuum conditions before use. © 2008 American Vacuum Society.

    document

  843. Towards tamper-evident storage on patterned media
    Hartel, Pieter H.; Abelmann, Leon; Khatib, Mohammed G.;
    conference, 2008.
    Keywords: ... Magnetization; Virtual storage; Local heating; Magnetic dots; Magnetic medium; Patterned medias; Probe storage; Read/write operations; Storage systems; Tamper-evident; Magnetic storage.

    Abstract: ... We propose a tamper-evident storage system based on probe storage with a patterned magnetic medium. This medium supports normal read/write operations by out-of-plane magnetisation of individual magnetic dots. We report on measurements showing that in principle the medium also supports a separate class of write-once operation that destroys the out-of-plane magnetisation property of the dots irreversibly by precise local heating. We discuss the main issues of designing a tamper-evident storage device and file system using the properties of the medium. © 2015 OSA - The Optical Society. All rights reserved.

    document

  844. Low-Power Adaptive Circuits for Cardiac Implantable Devices
    Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. Frontiers in Computational Electrocardiology (FiCE),
    Maastricht, the Netherlands, Sept. 17 2008. invited presentation.

  845. Area-efficient low-cost low-dropout regulators using MOS capacitors
    Aminzadeh, H.; R. Lotfi; Mafinezhad, K.;
    In 2008 International Symposium on System-on-Chip Proceedings, SOC 2008,
    2008.

  846. Simulation-equation-based methodology for design of CMOS amplifiers using geometric programming
    Maghami, M.H., Inanlou, F.; R. Lotfi;
    In Proceedings of the 15th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems, ICECS 2008,
    pp. 360-363, 2008.

  847. A Band-Reject ir-UWB LNA with 20 dB WLAN Suppression in 0.13 um CMOS
    S. Bagga; Z. Irahhauten; W.A. Serdijn; J.R. Long; J. Pekarik; H. Pflug;
    In Proc. Asian Solid-State Circuits Conference (ASSCC,
    IEEE, Nov. 3-5 2008.
    document

  848. A Design Methodology for Low-Power Active Analog Filters for Wireless Communications
    A. Otin; S. Celma; W.A. Serdijn; S. Bagga;
    In Proc. XXIII Conference on Design of Circuits and Integrated Systems (DCIS),
    Grenoble, France, Nov. 12-14 2008.
    document

  849. An UWB Transformer-C Orthonormal State Space Band-Reject Filter in 0.13 um CMOS
    S. Bagga; Z. Irahhauten; W.A. Serdijn; J.R. Long; J. Pekarik;
    In Proc. European Solid-State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC),
    IEEE, Sept. 2008.
    document

  850. A UWB CMOS 0.13?m Low-Noise Amplifier with Dual Loop Negative Feedback
    L.A. De Michele; W.A. Serdijn; S. Bagga; G. Setti; R. Rovatti;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Seattle, WA, USA, IEEE, pp. {}672-675, May 18-21 2008.
    document

  851. CMOS ultra low-power wavelet filter based sense amplifier for Cardiac signal analysis
    R. Sehgal; A. Singh; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. Workshop on Circuits, Systems and Signal Processing (ProRisc),
    Veldhoven, the Netherlands, pp. 260-266, Nov. 27-28 2008.

  852. Further investigation of hydrogen silsesquioxane e-beam resist as etching mask for cryogenic silicon etching
    C.K. Yang; G. Pandraud; K. Babaei Gavan; EW.J.M. van der Drift; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of SAFE 2008,
    STW, pp. 527-530, 2008.

  853. Automated resonance frequency determination for nano-cantilevers using motion detection
    E. Margallo-Balbás; C.K. Yang; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of sense of contact X,
    Sense of Contact 2009, pp. 1-6, 2008.

  854. Application of PECVD a-SiC thin-film layer for encapsulation of microstructures
    V. Rajaraman; L. Pakula; H.T.M. Pham; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), The annual workshop on semiconductor advances for future electronics and sensors,
    STW, pp. 609-612, 2008.

  855. Thermal property of LPCVD SiN membrane for far infrared sensor application
    D.H.B. Wicaksono; F. Jutzi; G. Pandraud; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Thermal property of LPCVD SiN membrane for far infrared sensor application,
    ISSM, pp. 168-173, 2008.

  856. Design of a 2D TiO2 Photonic Crystal Waveguide Sensor
    E. Jardinier; G. Pandraud; H.T.M. Pham; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In s.n. (Ed.), The annual workshop on semiconductor advances for future electronics and sensors,
    STW, pp. 424-427, 2008.

  857. Telemetric light delivery and monitoring system for photodynamic therapy based on solid-state optodes
    E. Margallo Balbas; J.G. kaptein; HJ.C.M. Sterenborg; G. Pandraud; P.J. French; D.J. Robinson;
    In I Gannot (Ed.), Telemetric light delivery and monitoring system for photodynamic therapy based on solid-state optodes,
    SPIE, pp. 1-8, 2008.

  858. Rapid 3D transesophageal echocardiography using a fast rotating multiplane transducer
    K. Nathanail; M. van Stralen; C.A. Prins; F. van den Adel; P.J. French; N. de Jong; A. van der Steen; J.G. Bosch;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of the IEEE symposium, Beijing 2008,
    IEEE, pp. 1-4, 2008.

  859. Measurement of pCO2 using HPTS-TOA for clinical applications
    K. Tang; J.J.F. van veen; A. Draaijer; D. Tanase; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of sense of contact X,
    Sense of Contact 2009, pp. 1-4, 2008.

  860. Fabrication of accelerometers by thin-SOI micromachining
    V. Rajaraman; L. Pakula; K.A.A. Makinwa; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of sense of contact X,
    Sense of contact X, pp. 1-4, 2008. NEO.

  861. Telemetric photonic implant for metronomic photodynamic therapy of glioblastoma
    E. Margallo-Balbás; J.G. kaptein; D. Tanase; F. van Zaane; D.J. Robinson; G. Pandraud; P.J. French; HJ.C.M. Sterenborg;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of SAFE 2008,
    STW, pp. 407-410, 2008.

  862. Thin-SOI digital accelerometer employin pull-in time mode configuration
    L. Pakula; V. Rajaraman; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of SAFE 2008,
    SAFE, pp. 420-423, 2008.

  863. Performance of miniaturized LPCVD-SiN-membrane-based 7-14 micrometer infrared thermal detector:analytical,modelling and experimental study
    D.H.B. Wicaksono; F. jutzi; G. Pandraud; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of IEEE Sensors 2008,
    IEEE, pp. 498-501, 2008.

  864. Inductively coupled system for delivery and monitoring of photodynamic therapy in a rat model for glioblastoma
    E. Margallo-Balbás; J.G. kaptein; G. Pandraud; P.J. French; HJ.C.M. Sterenborg; D.J. Robinson;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of IEEE Sensors 2008,
    IEEE Sensors, pp. 1233-1236, 2008.

  865. On chip measurement for side-wall roughness in SOI waveguides by atomic force microscopy
    C.K. Yang; E. Margallo Balbas; G. Pandraud; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of First Mediterranean Photonics Conference,
    mediterranean photonics, pp. 48-50, 2008. NEO.

  866. 3-D silicon carbide surface micromachined accelerometer compatible with CMOS processing
    L. Pakula; H. Yang; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of ASDAM 2008,
    Slovak academy of sciences, pp. 227-230, 2008.

  867. Tissue-viability monitoring using an oxygen-tension sensor
    D. Tanase; N. komen; A. Draaijer; G.J. Kleinrensink; J. Jeekel; J.F. Lange; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of BIOSTEC 2008,
    BIOSTEC 2008, pp. 109-122, 2008.

  868. Animal studies using an oxygen-tension sensor for tissue viability monitoring
    D. Tanase; N. komen; A. Draaijer; G.J. Kleinrensink; J.F. Lange; J. Jeekel; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of BIOSTEC 2008,
    BIOSTEC 2008, pp. 50-55, 2008.

  869. Thin-film MEMS encapsulation using low-stress PECVD silicon carbide
    V. Rajaraman; L. Pakula; H.T.M. Pham; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French;
    In G. Gerlach (Ed.), Proceedings Eurosensors XXII,
    Eurosensors, pp. 491-494, 2008.

  870. 3D SiC CMOS compatible surface micromachined accelerometer
    L. Pakula; H. Yang; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of APCOT 2008,
    IEEE, pp. 1-4, 2008.

  871. ALD Tio2 photonic crystals for biosensors
    G. Pandraud; E. Jardinier; H.T.M. Pham; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In sn. (Ed.), Proceedings of APCTP-ASEAN workshop on Advanced Material Science and Nanotechnology,
    APCTP-ASEAN workshop on AMSN, pp. 399-402, 2008.

  872. DRIE and bonding assisted low cost MEMS processing of inplane HAR inertial sensors
    V. Rajaraman; K.A.A. Makinwa; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of ASDAM 2008,
    ASDAM, pp. 327-330, 2008.

  873. Miniature optical coherence tomography system based on silicon photonics
    E. Margallo-Balbás; G. Pandraud; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Miniature optical coherence tomography system based on silicon photonics,
    SPIE, pp. 1-11, 2008.

  874. A thin-SOI micromachined quasi-digital accelerometer
    L. Pakula; V. Rajaraman; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings Eurosensors XXII,
    Eurosensors, pp. 201-205, 2008.

  875. pO2 and pCO2 measurements for the prevention and early detection of anastomotic leakage
    D. Tanase; K. Tang; N. komen; S. Van veen; A. Draaijer; G.J. Kleinrensink; J.F. Lange; J. Jeekel; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), BioMed 2008,
    Biomed 2008, pp. 1-2, 2008.

  876. Integrated MEMS:when is it smart to be smart
    P.J. French;
    In Daniel Toal (Ed.), Integrated MEMS:when is it smart to be smart,
    University of Limerick, pp. 1-7, 2008.

  877. Investigation of hydrogen silsesquioxane E-beam resist as etching mask for cryogenic silicon etching
    C.K. Yang; G. Pandraud; K. Babaei Gavan; EW.J.M. van der Drift; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of APCTP-ASEAN workshop on Advanced Material Science and Nanotechnology,
    APCTP-ASEAN, pp. 1088-1092, 2008.

  878. Atomic layer deposition TiO2 photonic crystal waveguide of biosensors,
    G. Pandraud; E. Jardinier; H.T.M. Pham; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In s.n (Ed.), Proceedings of the fourth IWON, APTC-ASEAN,
    s.n., pp. 339-402, 2008.

  879. Fabrication of accelerometers by thin-SOI micromachining
    V. Rajaraman; L. Pakula; K.A.A. Makinwa; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of sense of contact X,
    Sense of contact X, pp. 1-4, 2008. NEO.

  880. Field emission for nanometre displacement sensing
    C.K. Yang; A.J. le Febre; G. Pandraud; EW.J.M. van der Drift; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), apcot, pp. 200-203, 2008.

  881. Optical and thermal properties investigation of Si-rich nitride membrane for bio-inspired far infrared sensor applications
    D.H.B. Wicaksono; F. jutzi; G. Pandraud; N.F. de Rooij; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), apcot, pp. 397-400, 2008.

  882. Optical absorptivity of LPCVD SiN membrane in 8-14 micrometer wavelength region for far infrared sensor application
    D.H.B. Wicaksono; F. jutzi; G. Pandraud; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), ISSM, pp. 163-167, 2008.

  883. Towards the development of phased array systems for deep brain stimulation
    Valente, Virgilio; Demosthenous, Andreas; Bayford, Richard;
    In 2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference,
    IEEE, pp. 261--264, 2008. DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696924
    document

  884. Design guidelines for high-speed two-stage CMOS operational amplifiers
    Aminzadeh, H.; R. Lotfi;
    Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering,
    Volume 32, Issue 2 C, pp. 75-87, 2007.

  885. Design of Adaptive Multimode RF Front-End Circuits
    A. Tasic; S.-T. Lim; W.A. Serdijn; J.R. Long;
    IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits,
    Volume 42, Issue 2, pp. 313-322, Febr. 2007.
    document

  886. A novel method for nanoprecision alignment in wafer bonding applications
    L.D. Jiang; G. Pandraud; P.J. French; S.M. Spearing; M. kraft;
    Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering,
    Volume 17, Issue 7, pp. S61-S67, 2007.

  887. PDL free plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition SIC optical waveguides and devices
    G. Pandraud; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French;
    Optics Communications,
    Volume 269, Issue 2, pp. 338-345, 2007.

  888. PECVD SiC optical waveguide loss and mode characteristics
    G. Pandraud; H.T.M. Pham; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    Optics & Laser Technology,
    Volume 39, Issue 3, pp. 532-536, 2007.

  889. Shape based monte carlo code for light transport in complex heterogenous tissues (U_SP_2_I_IC_T)
    E. Margallo-Balbás; P.J. French;
    Optics Express,
    Volume 15, Issue 21, pp. 14086-14098, 2007.

  890. Thermal stability and switching field distribution of CoNi/Pt patterned media
    Murillo, R.; Siekman, M. H.; Bolhuis, T.; Abelmann, L.; Lodder, J. C.;
    Microsystem Technologies,
    Volume 13, Issue 2, pp. 177 – 180, 2007. DOI: 10.1007/s00542-006-0143-x
    Keywords: ... Cobalt compounds; Magnetic anisotropy; Magnetometers; Optical switches; Thermodynamic stability; Torque; Energy barriers; Magnetic force microscopy; Nanodots; Switching field distribution; Nanostructured materials.

    Abstract: ... The thermal dependence and distribution of the switching fields of arrays of magnetic Co50Ni50/Pt nanodots has been studied. These dots, with a diameter of 90 nm, are arranged in a hexagonal pattern with a periodicity of 300 nm. Field-dependent magnetic force microscopy was used to measure the switching field distribution of the array, which was found to range from 80 to 192 kA/m, a value which is confirmed by vibrating sample magnetometer measurements. Additionally, the temperature dependence on the collective behaviour of the switching fields of the array has been investigated. The energy barrier at zero field was estimated to have a value in between 1.8×10-19 and 2.1×10-19 J. Combining this value with the effective anisotropy determined by torque measurements, the switching volume can be estimated to lie in between 1.2×103 and 1.4×103 nm3. © Springer-Verlag 2007.

    document

  891. New process for high optical quality InAs quantum dots grown on patterned GaAs(001) substrates
    Alonso-Gonz{\'a}lez, Pablo; Gonz{\'a}lez, Luisa; Gonz{\'a}lez, Yolanda; Fuster, David; Fern{\'a}ndez-Mart{\'i}nez, Iv{\'a}n; Martín-S{\'a}nchez, Javier; Abelmann, Leon;
    Nanotechnology,
    Volume 18, Issue 35, 2007. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/18/35/355302
    Keywords: ... Etching; Indium arsenide; Lithography; Molecular beam epitaxy; Oxidation; Semiconductor growth; Substrates; ozone; quantum dot; article; chemical binding; geometry; laser; optical resolution; oxidation; priority journal; quality control; ultraviolet radiation; Laser interference lithography; Optical quality; Patterning technologies; Semiconductor quantum dots.

    Abstract: ... This work presents a selective ultraviolet (UV)-ozone oxidation-chemical etching process that has been used, in combination with laser interference lithography (LIL), for the preparation of GaAs patterned substrates. Further molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) growth of InAs results in ordered InAs/GaAs quantum dot (QD) arrays with high optical quality from the first layer of QDs formed on the patterned substrate. The main result is the development of a patterning technology that allows the engineering of customized geometrical displays of QDs with the same optical quality as those formed spontaneously on flat non-patterned substrates. © IOP Publishing Ltd.

    document

  892. Laser interferometric nanolithography using a new positive chemical amplified resist
    Luttge, R.; Van Wolferen, H. A. G. M.; Abelmann, L.;
    Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures,
    Volume 25, Issue 6, pp. 2476 – 2480, 2007. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1116/1.2800328
    Keywords: ... Interferometry; Lithography; Thin Films; Laser interferometry; Photoresists; Thin films; Chemical amplification; Chemical amplified resist; Lloyd mirror; Nanoarrays; Nanolithography.

    Abstract: ... The authors report on the progress of laser interference lithography at 266 nm laser wavelength with a chemical amplified resist containing a polyvinyl derivate dissolved in propylene glycol monoethyl ether ester. A continuous-wave deep-UV source combined with a Lloyd mirror is a simple and useful tool for the fabrication of nanoscale periodic structures generally called nanoarrays. Aiming for a robust pattern transfer technique to fabricate nanoarrays into magnetic materials, the authors investigated the utility of a chemical amplification positive tone resist, despite the relatively high theoretical resolution limit of 133 nm (λ2) pattern period for the laser source used. Taking advantage of this new type of resist, the authors demonstrated for the first time the fabrication of an 18 Gbit in.2 dot pattern on a platinum thin film. © 2007 American Vacuum Society.

    document

  893. The role of MFM signal in mark size measurement in probe-based magnetic recording on CoNi/Pt multilayers
    Zhang, Li; Bain, James A.; Zhu, Jian-Gang; Abelmann, Leon; Onoue, Takahiro;
    Physica B: Condensed Matter,
    Volume 387, Issue 1-2, pp. 328 – 332, 2007. DOI: 10.1016/j.physb.2006.04.028
    Keywords: ... Cobalt compounds; Magnetic fields; Multilayers; Optical resolving power; Scanning tunneling microscopy; Full-width half-maximum (FWHM); High-density magnetic recording; Magnetic force microscopy (MFM); Magnetic recording.

    Abstract: ... A method of heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) potentially suitable for probe-based storage systems is characterized. Magnetic marks were formed by a scanning tunneling microscopy (STM)-based thermal magnetic mechanism on a perpendicular CoNi/Pt multilayered film. Magnetic force microscopy (MFM) was applied to display those marks. The MFM signal is dependent of the lift-height during MFM scanning: smaller lift-height leads to higher resolution of the MFM image and a double-peak signal line, while higher lift-height leads to lower resolution and a single-peak signal line. Theoretical calculation of the magnetic field from the mark was executed. It agrees well with experiments, and demonstrates the method of mark size measurement in perpendicular media: full-width half-maximum (FWHM) of the measured MFM signal. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

    document

  894. Two-dimensional coding for probe recording on magnetic patterned media
    Groenland, J. P. J.; Abelmann, L.;
    IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,
    Volume 43, Issue 6, pp. 2307 – 2309, 2007. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/TMAG.2007.893137
    Keywords: ... Bit error rate; Computer simulation; Magnetic force microscopy; Pattern matching; Redundancy; Signal encoding; Intertrack interference; Patterned media; Perpendicular magnetic recording; Two-dimensional coding; Magnetic recording.

    Abstract: ... The effect of intertrack intersymbol interference in a magnetic patterned medium is studied. A 2-D channel code is proposed, dedicated to perpendicularly magnetized media without soft underlayer, which exhibit read pulses showing overshoot. Read pulse shapes were investigated using a magnetic-force microscope tip scanning the patterned medium row by row. To test different codes, a bit-detection simulation program was developed to generate large amounts of data on which bit error rates can be measured. Application of the 2-D channel code, which implies recording of particular dot positions with fixed bits ("ones," "zeros") resulted in the elimination of 2-D worst case bit patterns and a subsequent reduction of detected-bit errors. The accompanying redundancy of 22% is inevitable for this type of 2-D code. © 2007 IEEE.

    document

  895. Power Aware Architecting for data dominated applications
    Maarten Ditzel; Ralph Otten; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    Dordrecht, the Netherlands: Springer, , 2007. ISBN: 978-1-4020-6419-7.

  896. Nissan report June 2007
    P.J. French;
    Nissan, , 2007.

  897. Nissan report september 2007
    P.J. French;
    Nissan, , 2007.

  898. Modelling of bio-inspired IR sensor
    D.H.B. Wicaksono; P.J. French;
    Toyota Motor Europe, , 2007.

  899. Learning from nature (U_SP_2_I_IC_T)
    D.H.B. Wicaksono; P.J. French;
    STW, , 2007.

  900. Summary of progressand plan biomimetic far infrared sensor
    D.H.B. Wicaksono; P.J. French;
    Toyota Motor Europe, , 2007.

  901. Learning from nature
    D.H.B. Wicaksono; P.J. French;
    STW, , 2007.

  902. Short progress status report bio-inspired MEMS far-infrared sensor for night vision application
    F. jutzi; D.H.B. Wicaksono; P.J. French;
    Toyota Motor Europe, , 2007.

  903. The design and modelling of bio-inspired cheap MEMS far infrared sensor (FIR) for night vision application
    D.H.B. Wicaksono; P.J. French;
    Toyota Motor Europe, , 2007.

  904. Nissan report march 2007
    P.J. French;
    Nissan, , 2007.

  905. Displacement sensing by field emission with nanometer resolution
    Le F{\`e}bre, A. J.; Siekman, M.; Abelmann, L.; Lodder, J. C.;
    conference, 2007. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/SENSOR.2007.4300644
    Keywords: ... Actuators; Atomic force microscopy; Field emission; Microscopic examination; Microsystems; Scanning probe microscopy; Sensors; Transducers; Constant Current; Displacement sensing; Electrode gaps; Experimental data; Exponential relation; Field emission currents; Field emission sources; Field emissions; Fowler-Nordheim equations; International conferences; Linear regime; Nanometer resolutions; Nm resolution; Probe recording; Probe tips; Sensor; Sensor performances; Solid-state sensors; Imaging techniques.

    Abstract: ... Field emission is used as a displacement sensing method, exploiting the exponential relation between field emission current and electrode gap. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) probes have been used as field emission source to measure I/V characteristics which were found to correspond well to theory. The field emission sensor was operated in a more linear regime by using feedback on the position of the probe in order to maintain a constant current. The sensitivity of the sensor for displacement was found to be 0.26 V/nm at a range of ∼100 nm. From the experimental data, typical parameters for the Fowler-Nordheim equation were deduced and used to model the sensor performance. The measurements confirm that field emission can be applied to sense the distance between a probe tip and sample with <20 nm resolution. ©2007 IEEE.

    document

  906. Field emission to control nanometer tip-medium distances in probe storage
    F{\`e}bre, Alexander; Abelmann, L.; Lodder, J. C.;
    conference, 2007. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/IVNC.2007.4481005
    document

  907. Field emission to control tip-sample distance in magnetic probe recording
    F{\`e}bre, A. J.; Luttge, R.; Abelmann, L.; Lodder, J. C.;
    conference, 2007. All Open Access, Gold Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/61/1/135
    Abstract: ... An integrated method using field-emission to control the tip-sample distance for non-contact magnetic probe recording is presented, adopting the exponential relation between current and electric field as feedback. I/V characteristics that correspond well to field emission theory are measured using a probe coated with a 100 nm conductive diamond layer. By using feedback to control the tip-sample distance at constant current, the distance was increased by 2.8 nm per volt applied bias. The method was tested by scanning a probe coated with 20 nm chromium over a conducting nanopatterned sample, at bias voltages of 0.5V, 5.0V and 50.0V. The measurements confirm that field emission can be applied to control the tip-sample distance, with sufficient resolution and current stability for magnetic probe recording. © 2007 IOP Publishing Ltd.

    document

  908. A Thermooptical delay line for optical coherence tomography: FEM evaluation of temporal performance
    E. Margallo-Balbás; G. Pandraud; P.J. French;
    s.n. (Ed.);
    s.l., , pp. 1-4, 2007.

  909. An optical sensor system for early bacteria detection in drain fluids
    S.R.A. chaeron; D. Tanase; E. Margallo-Balbás; P.J. Trimp; P.J. French; N. komen; J.F. Lange;
    s.n. (Ed.);
    SAFE, , pp. 564-567, 2007.

  910. Ultra-Wideband Radio: Unconventional Circuit Solutions for Unconventional Communication
    S. Bagga; S.A.P. Haddad; W.A. Serdijn; J.R. Long;
    In Analog Circuit Design,
    Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2007. ISBN: 1-4020-5185-9.

  911. Design of cascode-compensated opamps based on settling time and open-loop parameters
    Aminzadeh, H., Danaie, M.; R. Lotfi;
    In 24th Norchip Conference, 2006,
    pp. 111-116, 2007.

  912. Design of high-resolution MOSFET-only pipelined ADCs with digital calibration
    Aminzadeh, H., Danaie, M.; R. Lotfi;
    In Proceedings -Design, Automation and Test in Europe, DATE,
    pp. 427-432, 2007.

  913. Ultra-low-voltage, low-power, high-speed operational amplifiers using body-driven gain-boosting technique
    Zabihian, S.A.; R. Lotfi;
    In Proceedings - IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    pp. 705-708, 2007.

  914. Body-driven enhanced-impedance current source: An approach to the implementation of low-voltage Current-Steering D/A Converters
    Hokmabadi, S.M., Zabihian, S.A.; R. Lotfi;
    In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits, and Systems,
    pp. 1147-1150, 2007.

  915. Minimizing power in very-low-voltage switched-opamp pipelined ADCs
    Nabavi, M.R.; R. Lotfi;
    In ICSPC 2007 Proceedings - 2007 IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing and Communications,
    pp. 289-292, 2007.

  916. Design of two-stage miller-compensated amplifiers based on an optimized settling model
    Aminzadeh, H., Danaie, M.; R. Lotfi;
    In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on VLSI Design,
    pp. 171-176, 2007.

  917. A capacitor mismatch- and nonlinearity-insensitive 1.5-bit residue stage for pipelined ADCs
    Saberi, M.; R. Lotfi;
    In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits, and Systems,
    pp. 677-680, 2007.

  918. PECVD silicon carbide waveguides for multichannel sensors
    G.Pandraud; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In B.Mizaikoff; P.J. French (Ed.), Proc. IEEE Sensors 2007 Conf,
    Atlanta, Georgia, USA, IEEE, pp. 395-398, Oct. 2007.

  919. Mapping UWB Signal Processing onto Silicon
    S. Bagga; G.J.T. Leus; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. SPS-DARTS,
    Antwerp, Belgium, March 21-22 2007.
    document

  920. Companding Baseband Switched Capacitor Filters and ADCs for WLAN Applications
    V. Maheshwari; W.A. Serdijn; J.R. Long;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    New Orleans, USA, IEEE, May 28-30 2007.
    document

  921. An Ultra Low Power CMOS pA/V Transconductor and its Application to Wavelet Filters
    Peterson R. Agostinho; Sandro Haddad; Jader A. De Lima; Wouter A. Serdijn; Osamu Saotome;
    In Proc. Conference on Integrated Circuits and Systems Design (SBCCI),
    Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Sept. 3-6 2007.
    document

  922. Designing equipment with low electromagnetic interference susceptibility
    M.J. van der Horst; A.C. Linnenbank; W.A. Serdijn, J.R. Long;
    In Book of Abstracts, Dutch Conference on Biomedical Engineering (BME),
    Egmond aan Zee, the Netherlands, Jan. 18-19 2007.

  923. QT interval measurement in cardiac signal processing with multiwavelets
    Jo?l Karel; Ralf Peeters; Ronald Westra; Sandro Haddad; Wouter Serdijn;
    In Book of Abstracts, Dutch Conference on Biomedical Engineering (BME),
    Egmond aan Zee, the Netherlands, Jan. 18-19 2007.

  924. Advanced Ultra Low-Power Biomedical Signal Processing based on Analog Wavelet Transform
    Sandro A.P. Haddad; Joel Karel; Ralf Peeters; Ronald Westra; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Book of Abstracts, Dutch Conference on Biomedical Engineering (BME),
    Egmond aan Zee, the Netherlands, Jan. 18-19 2007. invited presentation.

  925. Post-processing micromachined pull-in accelerometer
    L. Pakula; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of Transducers 2007,
    IEEE, pp. 1171-1174, 2007.

  926. Wafer bonding with nanoprecision alignment for micro/nano systems
    L. Jiang; G. Pandraud; P.J. French; S.M. Spearing; M. kraft;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of Transducers 2007,
    IEEE, pp. 2103-2106, 2007.

  927. SOG fabrication of bulk micromachined and bonded capacitive inertial sensor structures (U_SP_2_I_IC_T)
    V. Rajaraman; G. Craciun; H. Yang; EW.J.M. van der Drift; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), SOG fabrication of bulk micromachined and bonded capacitive inertial sensor structures,
    SAFE, pp. 617-620, 2007.

  928. Design and modelling of a bio-inspired MEMS gyroscope
    D.H.B. Wicaksono; Y. Chen; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of the International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Informatics (ICEEI2007),
    Institut Teknologi Bandung, pp. 226-229, 2007.

  929. Field emission as transducer for sub-micron and nano resonators
    C.K. Yang; P.J. French; EW.J.M. van der Drift; J.R. Kim; P. Hadley;
    In S. Lee; M Esashi (Ed.), Proceedings of the 5th IEEE Conference on Sensors 2006,
    IEEE, pp. 1207-1210, 2007.

  930. Oxygen-tension measurements -the first step towards prevention and early detection of anastomotic leakage
    D. Tanase; P.J. French; A. Draaijer; G.J. Kleinrensink; J.F. Lange; J. Jeekel;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings IEEE Sensors 2007,
    IEEE, pp. 68-71, 2007.

  931. Modelling, design and fabrication of a bio-inspired MEMS vibratory gyroscope (U_SP_2_I_IC_T)
    Y. Chen; D.H.B. Wicaksono; L. Pakula; V. Rajaraman; P.J. French;
    In s.l. (Ed.), Modelling, design and fabrication of a bio-inspired MEMS vibratory gyroscope.,
    SAFE, pp. 572-576, 2007.

  932. PECVD silicon carbide waveguides for multichannel sensors
    G. Pandraud; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In B Mizaikoff; P.J. French (Ed.), Proc. IEEE Sensors 2007 Conference,
    IEEE, pp. 395-398, 2007.

  933. Optical absorptivity and thermal property of LPCVD-deposited low-stress Si-rich nitride membrane for far-infrared sensor
    F. jutzi; D.H.B. Wicaksono; G. Pandraud; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Optical absorptivity and thermal property of LPCVD-deposited low-stress Si-rich nitride membrane for far-infrared sensor,
    SAFE, pp. 482-487, 2007.

  934. Fabrication of a SOG-MEMS vibratory gyroscope by deep RIE technology and bonding (U_SP_2_I_IC_T)
    V. Rajaraman; G. Craciun; H. Yang; L. Pakula; EW.J.M. van der Drift; K.A.A. Makinwa; P.J. French;
    In {A. Liu, J.Wu, C. Lu}; {C.D. Reddy} (Ed.), MEMS Technology and Devices,
    pan Stanford, pp. 238-241, 2007.

  935. Design of a biologically-inspired piezoresistive strain-sensing MEMS (U_SP_2_I_IC_T)
    D.H.B. Wicaksono; V. Rajaraman; P.J. French;
    In {A. Liu, J.Wu, C.Lu, C.D. Reddy} (Ed.), MEMS Technology and Devices,
    Pan Stanford publishing, pp. 340-343, 2007.

  936. On the initial design and simulation of a biologically-inspired MEMS gyroscope (U_SP_2_I_IC_T)
    D.H.B. Wicaksono; Y. Chen; V. Rajaraman; L. Pakula; P.J. French;
    In {A.Liu, J. Wu, C. Lu, C.D. Reddy} (Ed.), MEMS Technology and Devices,
    Pan Stanford publishing, pp. 336-339, 2007.

  937. Field emission for sensor applications
    C.K. Yang; EW.J.M. van der Drift; P.J. French;
    In G.C.M. Meyer (Ed.), Field emission for sensor applications,
    Sense of Contact 2009, pp. 1-6, 2007.

  938. Optical characterization of bone tissue for diffusion optical tomography applied to skeletal implants
    E. Margallo-Balbás; P.J. French; A. Pifferi; P. Taroni; D. Comelli; A. Farina; R. Cubbedu; A.J. Van veen; {Van Ruijven}, L.J.; ThH. Smit;
    In s.n. (Ed.), International Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Conference, 2007. TRANSDUCERS 2007.,
    IEEE, pp. 219-223, 2007.

  939. DRIE assisted HAR MEMS processing of inertial sensors and actuators
    V. Rajaraman; S.L. Paalvast; G. Craciun; J.C. Wolff; K.A.A. Makinwa; P.J. French;
    In s.l. (Ed.), Book of Abstracts - 18th Workshop on MicroMechanics Europe, MME 2007,
    MME, pp. 333-336, 2007.

  940. Modelling, design and fabrication of a bio-inspired MEMS vibratory gyroscope
    Y. Chen; D.H.B. Wicaksono; L. Pakula; V. Rajaraman; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Book of Abstracts - 18th Workshop on MicroMechanics Europe, MME 2007,
    MME, pp. 199-202, 2007.

  941. Early stages on design and simulation ofa silicon bio-inspired MEMS vibratory gyroscope
    Y. Chen; D.H.B. Wicaksono; P.J. French;
    In s.l. (Ed.), Early stages on design and simulation ofa silicon bio-inspired MEMS vibratory gyroscope,
    Sense of Contact 2009, pp. 1-5, 2007.

  942. Inductively powered implant for monitoring and application of telemetric metronomic photodynamic therapy
    J.G. kaptein; E. Margallo-Balbás; D. Tanase; P.J. French; D.J. Robinson;
    In s.n. (Ed.), SAFE,
    SAFE, pp. 1-4, 2007.

  943. Thermo-optical delay line for optical coherence tomography
    E. Margallo-Balbás; G. Pandraud; P.J. French;
    In L Dong; Y Katagiri; E Higurashi; H Toshiyoshi; Y-A Peter (Ed.), SPIE, pp. 1-9, 2007.

  944. Field Emission for Cantilever Sensing
    C.K. Yang; A.J. le Fèbre; G. Pandraud; EW.J.M. van der Drift; P.J. French;
    In P.J. French (Ed.), Safe 2007,
    Technology Foundation, pp. 1-4, 2007.

  945. A dome-shape bio-inspired piezoresistive MEMS strain sensor
    D.H.B. Wicaksono; G. Pandraud; L. Pakula; V. Rajaraman; P.J. French; J.F.V. Vincent;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of the International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Informatics (ICEEI2007),
    Institut Teknologi Bandung, pp. 464-467, 2007.

  946. Apparatus and method for a laserdiode driver with a distributed current mirror
    Marc Gerardus Maria Stegers; Mark Vincent van Beek; Rudy Eschauzier; Wouter Anton Serdijn;
    Patent, US US7272159B1, Sep. 2007. Assignee: National Semiconductor Corp.
    document

  947. Actuated elastometers with rigid vertical electrodes
    G.K. Lau; J.F.L. Goosen; F. van Keulen; P. French; P.M. Sarro;
    J. Micromech and Microeng.,
    Volume 16, Issue 6, pp. 35-44, 2006.

  948. Codesign of an Impulse Generator and Miniaturized Antennas for IR-UWB
    Bagga S.; Vorobyov A.V.; Haddad S.A.P.; Serdijn W.A.; Yarovoy A.G; Long J.R;
    IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques,
    Volume 54, Issue 4 Part 2, pp. 1656-1666, April 2006.
    document

  949. Adaptive Multi-Standard Circuits and Systems for Wireless Communications
    A. Tasic; W.A. Serdijn; J.R. Long;
    IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine,
    Volume 6, Issue 1, pp. 29-37, Jan. 2006. Special Issue on Software-Defined Radio.
    document

  950. The history of cardiac pacemakers: an electronics perspective
    Sandro A.P. Haddad; Richard P.M. Houben; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine,
    Volume 25, Issue 3, pp. 38-48, May/June 2006.
    document

  951. Actuated elastometers with rigid vertical electrodes
    G.K. Lau; J.F.L. Goosen; F. van Keulen; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering,
    Volume 16, Issue 6, pp. 35-44, 2006.

  952. Polarization-insensitive PECVD SiC waveguides for sensor platform
    G. Pandraud; P.J. French; H.T.M. Pham; P.M. Sarro;
    Optical Materials,
    Volume 28, Issue 4, pp. 380-384, 2006.

  953. The effect of external magnetic field on mark size in heat-assisted probe recording on CoNi/Pt multilayers
    Zhang, Li; Bain, James A.; Zhu, Jian-Gang; Abelmann, Leon; Onoue, Takahiro;
    Journal of Applied Physics,
    Volume 99, Issue 2, 2006. DOI: 10.1063/1.2162272
    Keywords: ... Cobalt alloys; Computer simulation; Magnetic domains; Magnetic field effects; Mathematical models; Multilayers; Platinum; Scanning tunneling microscopy; Thin films; Threshold voltage; Field emission current; Heating sources; Probe based storage systems; Synthesized models; Magnetic recording.

    Abstract: ... A method of heat-assisted magnetic recording potentially suitable for probe-based storage systems is characterized. In this work, field-emission current from a scanning tunneling microscope tip is used as the heating source. Pulse voltages of 2-7 V were applied to a CoNiPt multilayered film. During heating, various external magnetic fields were applied. Experimental results show that a positive magnetic field increases mark size while a negative field decreases mark size, compared to the case of writing without an external field in which an average mark size of 170 nm was achieved. In addition, a positive field reduces the threshold voltage of writing as well. A synthesized model is built to quantitatively simulate the experimental results. It includes the model of emission current, heat transfer, and dynamics of magnetic domains in the film. Simulation results show that the calculated mark size in various cases is consistent with experimental results. Based on this model, we will be able to figure out the proposals to achieve small marks for the goal of 1 Tbit in.2 recording density. © 2006 American Institute of Physics.

    document

  954. A model of heat transfer in STM-based magnetic recording on CoNi/Pt multilayers
    Zhang, Li; Bain, James A.; Zhu, Jian-Gang; Abelmann, Leon; Onoue, Takahiro;
    Physica B: Condensed Matter,
    Volume 381, Issue 1-2, pp. 204 – 208, 2006. DOI: 10.1016/j.physb.2006.01.007
    Keywords: ... Field emission cathodes; Magnetic recording; Multilayers; Substrates; Thermal conductivity; Bare silicon; High density magnetic recording; Multilayered film; Oxidized silicon; Heat transfer.

    Abstract: ... A method of heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) potentially suitable for probe-based storage systems is characterized. In this work, field emission current from a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) tip is used as the heating source. Pulse voltages of 3-7 V with a duration of 500 ns were applied to a CoNi/Pt multilayered film which is fabricated on a bare silicon and oxidized silicon, respectively. For both substrates, write threshold voltage of 4 V was observed. Above threshold, mark size was 170 and 260 nm for the films on bare silicon and oxidized silicon, respectively. A model of 2-D heat transfer in a multilayered film structure was applied and the mark size difference was explained by the thermal conductivity of the substrate. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

    document

  955. Heat-assisted magnetic probe recording on a granular CoNi/Pt multilayered film
    Zhang, Li; Bain, James A.; Zhu, Jian-Gang; Abelmann, Leon; Onoue, Takahiro;
    Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics,
    Volume 39, Issue 12, pp. 2485 – 2487, 2006. DOI: 10.1088/0022-3727/39/12/002
    Keywords: ... Electric potential; Heat treatment; Magnetic films; Magnetic recording; Magnetic storage; Magnetic probe recording; Multilayered film; Pulse voltages; Ultra-high recording density; Multilayers.

    Abstract: ... A method of heat-assisted magnetic recording potentially suitable for probe-based storage systems is characterized. Field emission current from a scanning tunnelling microscope tip is used as the heating source. Pulse voltages of 5 V were applied to a granular CoNi/Pt multilayered film. Experimental results show that an average mark size of 90-120 nm was achieved with the minimum of 70 nm. A model of dynamic domain formation is built to quantitatively explain the experimental results. It agrees with experiments. Based on this model, we will be able to figure out the proposals to achieve small marks for ultra-high recording density. © 2006 IOP Publishing Ltd.

    document

  956. Comment on Wang, Liu, and Wang (2003)
    Davelaar, G. G.; Abelmann, L.;
    Synthese,
    Volume 153, Issue 3, pp. 457 – 458, 2006. DOI: 10.1007/s11229-006-9095-z
    document

  957. Dynamic domain motion of thermal-magnetically formed marks on CoNi/Pt multilayers
    Zhang, Li; Bain, James A.; Zhu, Jian-Gang; Abelmann, Leon; Onoue, Takahiro;
    Journal of Applied Physics,
    Volume 100, Issue 5, 2006. DOI: 10.1063/1.2336505
    Keywords: ... Cobalt alloys; Coercive force; Magnetic domains; Magnetic recording; Platinum; Scanning tunneling microscopy; Field emission current; Magnetic domain dynamics; Recording density; Thermal-magnetically formed marks; Multilayers.

    Abstract: ... We characterized a method of heat-assisted magnetic recording, which is potentially suitable for probe-based storage systems. The field emission current from a scanning tunneling microscope tip was used as the heating source. Various pulse voltages were applied to two types of CoNi/Pt multilayered films: one is strongly coupled with low coercivity, and the other is weakly coupled with high coercivity. Experimental results show that marks achieved in strongly coupled medium are larger than that in granular one. An external magnetic field was then applied to those marks. For weak fields (lower than the coercivity of the medium) the size of marks changes distinctly in the strongly coupled medium but not in the granular one. A model of magnetic domain dynamics is built to quantitatively explain the experimental results. It agrees with experiments. Based on this model, we will be able to figure out the proposals to achieve small marks for ultrahigh recording density. © 2006 American Institute of Physics.

    document

  958. Characterization of heat-assisted magnetic probe recording on CoNi/Pt multilayers
    Zhang, Li; Bain, James A.; Zhu, Jian-Gang; Abelmann, Leon; Onoue, Takahiro;
    Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials,
    Volume 305, Issue 1, pp. 16 – 23, 2006. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmmm.2005.11.022
    Keywords: ... Cobalt compounds; Magnetic recording; Platinum; Probes; Scanning tunneling microscopy; Silicon; Substrates; Heat assisted magnetic recording (HAMR); High density perpendicular recording; Probe recording; Multilayers.

    Abstract: ... A method of heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) potentially suitable for probe-based storage systems is characterized. In this work, field emission current from a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) tip is used as the heating source. Pulse voltages of 2-7 V were applied to a CoNi/Pt multilayered film fabricated on either bare silicon or oxidized silicon substrates. Different types of Ir/Pt and W STM tips were used in the experiment. The results show that thermally recorded magnetic marks are formed with a nearly uniform mark size of 170 nm on the film fabricated on bare silicon substrate when the pulse voltage is above a threshold voltage. The mark size becomes 260 nm when they are written on the identical film fabricated on an oxidized silicon substrate. The threshold voltage depends on the material work function of the tip, with W having a threshold voltage about 1 V lower than Pt. A synthesized model, which contains the calculation of the emission current, the simulation of heat transfer during heating, and the study of magnetic domain formation, was introduced to explain experimental results. The simulation agrees well with the experiments. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

    document

  959. Adaptive Low-Power Circuits for Wireless Communications
    Aleksandar Tasic; Wouter A. Serdijn; John R. Long;
    Springer, , 2006. ISBN: 978-1-4020-5249-1.

  960. Development of Micro-navigation system for satellites (MISAT/Microned) (U-SP-2-I-ICT)
    L. Pakula; P.J. French;
    MISAT/MicroNed, Volume MISAT , 2006.

  961. Feasibility study for the design and the development of Bio-inspired small and Inexpensive Far Infrared Sensor for Night Vision Application (U-SP-2-I-ICT)
    D.H.B. Wicaksono; P.J. French;
    Toyota Motor Company, , 2006.

  962. Nissan report dec 2006
    P.J. French;
    Nissan, , 2006.

  963. Learning from Nature: Report for the users committe meeting (U-SP-2-I-ICT)
    D.H.B. Wicaksono; D. Tanase; P.J. French;
    STW, Volume STW report , 2006.

  964. Learning from nature
    D.H.B. Wicaksono; D. Tanase; P.J. French;
    OTB-RES-VI Transport and Infrastructure, , 2006.

  965. Monthly Report (16.1) June 2006
    P.J. French;
    NO, , 2006.

  966. Nissan report dec 2006
    P.J. French;
    Nissan, , 2006.

  967. Development of post processing modules for integrated sensors and actuators applications (U-SP-2-I-ICT)
    L. Pakula; G. Pandraud; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    STW, Volume STW , 2006.

  968. Monthly Report 15.4 (march 2006)
    P.J. French;
    NO, , 2006.

  969. Monthly Report (15.3) December 2005
    P.J. French;
    NO, , 2006.

  970. Monthly Report (16.2) september 2006
    P.J. French;
    NO, , 2006.

  971. Micromachining technology: bulk micromachining (Chapter 15, MEMS, A practical guide to design, analysis and applications)
    P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    JG Korvinck; O Paul (Ed.);
    William Andrew Publishing, , pp. 805-851, 2006.

  972. Light Transport in Trabecular Bone: Monte Carlo Simulation based on 3D Triangle Meshes (U-SP-2-I-ICT)
    Eduardo Margallo-Balbás; P.J. French; P.A. Wieringa;
    {Michael J. Flynn}; {Jiang Hsieh} (Ed.);
    SPIE, , pp. 1-12, 2006.

  973. Micromachining Technology: Bulk micromachining
    P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In MEMS, A practical guide to Design, Analysis and Applications,
    Norwich, NY, USA, William Andrew Publishing, 2006.

  974. Ultra Low-Power Low-Voltage Analog Integrated Filter Design
    Wouter A. Serdijn; Sandro A.P. Haddad; Jader A. De Lima;
    In Analog Circuit Design,
    Kluwer Academic Publishers, Febr. 2006. ISBN: 1-4020-3884-4.

  975. A low-power CMOS Gm-C filter for wireless receiver applications with on-chip automatic tuning system
    Adrang, H.; R. Lotfi; Mafinejhad, K., Tajalli, A., Mehrmanesh, S.;
    In Proceedings - IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    pp. 3810-3813, 2006.

  976. A 1-V 12-bit switched-opamp pipelined ADC with power optimization
    Nabavi, M.R.; R. Lotfi;
    In Proceedings - IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    pp. 5359-5362, 2006.

  977. A 1.8V, 10-bit, 40MS/S MOSFET-only pipeline analog-to-digital converter
    Charkhkar, H., Asadi, A.; R. Lotfi;
    In Proceedings - IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    pp. 5363-5366, 2006.

  978. ISECAD: An iterative simulation-equation-based opamp-design CAD tool
    Toosi, T.K., Tabasy, E.Z., Sarbishaei, H.; R. Lotfi;
    In Proceedings - IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    pp. 5243-5246, 2006.

  979. Design guidelines for two-stage cascode-compensated operational amplifiers
    Aminzadeh, H.; R. Lotfi; Rahimian, S.;
    In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits, and Systems,
    pp. 264-267, 2006.

  980. A low-power design methodology for single-stage operational amplifiers
    Aminzadeh, H., Danaie, M.; R. Lotfi;
    In Proceedings - 2006 International Conference on Design and Test of Integrated Systems in Nanoscale Technology, IEEE DTIS 2006,
    pp. 62-67, 2006.

  981. A straightforward design methodology for multi-bit continuous time delta sigma modulators
    Shamsi, H., Radiom, S., Shoaei, O.; R. Lotfi;
    In Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    pp. 409-413, 2006.

  982. Power optimization in low-voltage high-speed high-resolution pipelined ADCs
    Sarbishaei, H., Tabasy, E.Z., Toosi, T.K.; R. Lotfi;
    In Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    pp. 153-157, 2006.

  983. Folded-current-steering DAC: An approach to low-voltage high-speed high-resolution D/A converters
    Radiom, S., Sheikholeslami, B., Aminzadeh, H.; R. Lotfi;
    In Proceedings - IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    pp. 4783-4786, 2006.

  984. Open-loop analysis of cascode compensation
    Aminzadeh, H.; R. Lotfi;
    In 4th International IEEE North-East Workshop on Circuits and Systems, NEWCAS 2006 - Conference Proceedings,
    pp. 81-84, 2006.

  985. Fabrication and characteristics of a PECVD SiC evanescent wave optical sensor
    G. Pandraud; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In P.Enoksson (Ed.), Proc. Eurosensors XX,
    Goteborg, Sweden, Sept. 2006.
    document

  986. Direct wafer bonding of processed LPCVD silicon nitride films
    C.L. Hsu; J.F. Creemer; G. Pandraud; J.C. Wolff; B.J. Thijsse; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French;
    In H. Morgan (Ed.), Proc. 17th MicroMechanics Europe (MME 2006),
    Southampton, UK, pp. 89-92, Sept. 2006.
    document

  987. Spectral Analysis of Noise in LC-Oscillators ? new thoughts on an old subject
    A. Tasic; W.A. Serdijn; J.R. Long;
    In Proc. ProRISC Workshop on Circuits, Systems and Signal processing,
    Veldhoven, the Netherlands, Nov. 23-24 2006.

  988. Receiver RF Front-End for 17GHz Wireless Applications
    A. Tasic; W.A. Serdijn; J.R. Long;
    In Proc. ProRISC Workshop on Circuits, Systems and Signal processing,
    Veldhoven, the Netherlands, IEEE, Nov. 23-24 2006.

  989. An Ultrawideband CMOS Low-Noise Amplifier with Dual-Loop Negative Feedback
    F. Ting; S. Bagga; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. ProRISC Workshop on Circuits, Systems and Signal processing,
    Veldhoven, the Netherlands, IEEE, Nov. 23-24 2006.

  990. Receiver RF front-end with 5GHz-band LC voltage-controlled oscillator and subharmonically-locked ring oscillator for 17GHz wireless applications
    Tasic, A.; Yue, S.S.Y.; Ma, D.K.L.; Serdijn, W.A.; Long, J.R.; Harame, D.L;
    In Proc. Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium (RFIC),
    IEEE, June 11-13 2006.
    document

  991. UWB Antenna Integration with a Pulse Generator on Chip
    Vorobyov, A.V.; Yarovoy, A.G.; Bagga, S.; Serdijn W.A.; Ligthart, L.P.;
    In Proc. European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP),
    Nice, France, Nov. 6-10 2006.

  992. Ultra-Wideband Radio: Unconventional Circuit Solutions for Unconventional Communication
    S. Bagga; S.A.P. Haddad; W.A. Serdijn; J.R. Long;
    In Proc. Workshop on Advances in Analogue Circuit Design (AACD),
    Maastricht, the Netherlands, April 4?6 2006. invited presentation.

  993. A broadband indirect-feedback power-to-current LNA
    Li Xiaolong; Wouter A. Serdijn; Bert E.M. Woestenburg; Jan Geralt bij de Vaate;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Island of Kos, Greece, IEEE, pp. 89-92, May 21-24 2006.
    document

  994. An FCC compliant pulse generator for IR-UWB communications
    S. Bagga; S.A.P. Haddad; W.A. Serdijn; J.R. Long;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Island of Kos, Greece, IEEE, pp. 81-84, May 21-24 2006.
    document

  995. High-Performance Analog Delays: Surpassing Bessel-Thomson by Pade-Approximated Gaussians
    Sayyed Kashmiri; Sandro Haddad; Wouter A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Island of Kos, Greece, IEEE, pp. 2349-2352, May 21-24 2006.
    document

  996. An Ultra Low-Power Class-AB Sinh integrator
    S.A.P. Haddad; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. Symposium on Integrated Circuits and Systems Design (SBCCI),
    Ouro-Preto, Brazil, pp. 74-79, Aug. 28-Sept. 1 2006. invited presentation.
    document

  997. Advanced ultra low-power biomedical signal processing based on analog wavelet transform
    S.A.P. Haddad; R.L.M. Peeters; J.M.H. Karel; R.L. Westra; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. Symposium on Integrated Circuits and Systems Design (SBCCI),
    Ouro-Preto, Brazil, Aug. 28-Sept. 1 2006. invited presentation.

  998. Denoising of cardiac signals with optimal wavelets
    J.M.H. Karel; R.L.M. Peeters; R.L. Westra; R. Houben;
    In Proc. WavE,
    Lausanne, Switzerland, July 10-14 2006.

  999. Wavelet design for analog implementation
    J.M.H. Karel; R.L.M. Peeters; R.L. Westra; S.A.P. Haddad; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. 25th Benelux Meeting on Systems and Control,
    Heeze, The Netherlands, March 13-15 2006.

  1000. Multiwavelet Design for Cardiac for cardiac signal processing
    R.L.M. Peeters; J.M.H. Karel; R.L. Westra; S.A.P. Haddad; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC),
    New York, NY, USA, IEEE, Aug. 30-Sept. 3 2006.

  1001. Fly's Proprioception-inspired micromachined strain-sensing structure: Idea, design,modelling and simulation and comparison with experimental results (U-SP-2-I-ICT)
    D.H.B. Wicaksono; L. Zhang; G. Pandraud; P.J. French; J.F.V. Vincent;
    In {Francis E.H.tay, Miao Jianmin}; {John Bergstrom, Ciprian Iliesc} (Ed.), s.l., pp. 336-341, 2006.

  1002. A comparison of PECVD silicon carbide and silicon nitride as materials for optical chemical sensing (U-SP-2-I-ICT)
    G. Pandraud; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In P. Enoksson (Ed.), Proceedings of the The 20th European Conference on Solid-State Transducers (Eurosensors XX,
    Eurosensors, pp. 1-4, 2006.

  1003. Nanoprecision alignment for wafer bonding (U-SP-2-I-ICT)
    G. Pandraud; P.J. French; Jiang Liudi; S.M. Spearing; M. kraft;
    In R.F. Wolffenbuttel (Ed.), Proceedings of the The 17th Micromechanics Europe Workshop, MME'06,
    MME, pp. 1-4, 2006.

  1004. Direct bonding of processed LPCVD silicon nitride films (U-SP-2-I-ICT)
    G. Pandraud; P.J. French; C.L. Hsu; J.F. Creemer; J.C. Wolff; B.J. Thijsse; P.M. Sarro;
    In R.F. Wolffenbuttel (Ed.), Proceedings of the The 17th Micromechanics Europe Workshop, MME'06,
    MME, pp. 1-4, 2006.

  1005. Optical Analysis of Bone growth in a spinal cage: A Monte Carlo Evaluation of the Direct Problem (U-SP-2-I-ICT)
    E. Margallo Balbas; H. Ruano-Suarez; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of the Sense of Contact VIII,
    STW, pp. 1-5, 2006.

  1006. Preliminary Study on the Design of a Silicon Bio-inspired MEMS Gyroscope (U-SP-2-I-ICT)
    Yue chen; D.H.B. Wicaksono; L. Zhang; P.J. French;
    In P.J. French; {de Meyer}, K; W Krautschneider; J Schmitz; L.K. Nanver; {van de Sande}, MCM (Ed.), Proceedings of the 9th annual workshop on Semiconductor Advances for Future Electronics and Sensors 2006,
    SAFE, pp. 379-383, 2006.

  1007. Strain Amplifying property of Bioinspired Membrane-in-Recess Microstructure: Analytical Modelling (U-SP-2-I-ICT)
    Yue chen; D.H.B. Wicaksono; L. Zhang; P.J. French; J.F.V. Vincent;
    In P.J. French; W Krautschneider; J Schmitz; L.K. Nanver; {de Meyer}, K; {van de Sande}, MCM (Ed.), Proceedings of the 9th annual workshop on Semiconductor Advances for Future Electronics and Sensors 2006,
    SAFE, pp. 373-378, 2006.

  1008. A pull-in operation mode accelerometer (U_SP_2_I_IC_T)
    L. Pakula; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of the 5th IEEE Conference on Sensors 2006,
    IEEE, pp. 1127-1130, 2006.

  1009. Diffuse optical tomography in a spinal cage: Monte carlo simulation and invitro studies ((U_SP_2_I_IC_T)
    E. Margallo-Balbás; ThH. Smit; P.J. French;
    In Proceedings of the 5th IEEE Conference on Sensors 2006,
    IEEE, pp. 62-65, 2006.

  1010. Multi-Sensor Cardiac-Output Investigations in Intensive care (U-SP-2-I-ICT)
    D. Tanase; A. Firouzian; B.P. Iliev; G. Pandraud; Z. Chang; P.J. French; G.A.M. Pop;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of the 2006 International Conference on microtechnologies in medicine and biology,
    IEEE, pp. 52-55, 2006.

  1011. Influence of Structural Parameters on Stress/Strain Amplification property of Biomimetics Membrane-in-Recess Si Microstructure (U-SP-2-I-ICT)
    D.H.B. Wicaksono; L. Zhang; Yue chen; P.J. French; N. Gharbage;
    In P.J. French; {de Meyer}, K; W Krautschneider; {van de Sand}, MCM; J Schmitz; L.K. Nanver (Ed.), Proceedings of the 17th ProRISC, Annual Workshop on Circuits, Systems and Signal Processing (ProRISC 2006),
    SAFE, pp. 398-403, 2006.

  1012. Direct wafer bonding of processed LPCVD silicon nitride films
    C.L. Hsu; J.F. Creemer; G. Pandraud; J.C. Wolff; B.J. Thijsse; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of the 17th MME MicroMechanics Europe Workshop,
    H.Morgan Ed., pp. 89-92, 2006.

  1013. Low Voltage, High Speed RF-Switch with High On-Off Capacitance Ratio (U-SP-2-I-ICT)
    L. Pakula; P.J. French; H. Yang;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of APCOT 2006,
    apcot, pp. 1-5, 2006.

  1014. Feasibility study on Field Emission Nano-Tip for Sensors (U-SP-2-I-ICT)
    C.K. Yang; P.J. French; EW.J.M. van der Drift;
    In STW (Ed.), Proceedings of the 9th annual workshop on Semiconductor Advances for Future Electronics and Sensors 2006,
    s.l., pp. 404-407, 2006.

  1015. Planar Sensor Structures for Whole Blood Viscosity Measurements
    A. Firouzian; D. Tanase; B.P. Iliev; Z. Chang; W.A. Van Duyl; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Planar Sensor Structures for Whole Blood Viscosity Measurements,
    SAFE, pp. 1-4, 2006.

  1016. Numerical Modelling of Biomimetics Strain-sensing Microstructure (U-SP-2-I-ICT)
    D.H.B. Wicaksono; L. Zhang; Yue chen; P.J. French; N. Gharbage; J.F.V. Vincent;
    In {Peter Enoksson} (Ed.), Numerical Modelling of Biomimetics Strain-sensing Microstructure,
    Eurosensors, pp. 1-4, 2006.

  1017. Fabrication and characteristics of PECVD SiC evanescent wave optical sensor (U-SP-2-I-ICT)
    G. Pandraud; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In s.n. (Ed.), fabrication and characteristics of PECVD SiC evenescent wave optical sensor,
    Eurosensors, pp. 1-4, 2006.

  1018. Microsensors for Multiple-parameter Medical Measurements (U-SP-2-I-ICT)
    D. Tanase; A. Firouzian; P.J. French; J.F.L. Goosen;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Microsensors for Multiple-parameter Medical Measurements,
    s.l., pp. 63-72, 2006.

  1019. Vitality Sensor
    P.J. French; D. Tanase; J.F. Lange; J. Jeekel; G.J. Kleinrensink;
    2006.

  1020. Design of Multi-Standard Adaptive Voltage-Controlled Oscillators
    A. Tasic; W.A. Serdijn; J.R. Long;
    IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques,
    Volume 53, Issue 2, pp. 556-563, Febr. 2005.
    document

  1021. Adaptive voltage controlled oscillators ? theory, design and application
    A. Tasic; W.A. Serdijn; J.R. Long;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems-I,
    Volume 52, Issue 5, pp. 894-901, May 2005.
    document

  1022. GaAs 0.5 dB NF dual-loop negative-feedback broadband low-noise amplifier IC
    J. Xu; B. Woestenburg; J. Geralt bij de Vaate; W.A. Serdijn;
    Electronics Letters,
    Volume 41, Issue 14, pp. 780-782, July 7 2005.
    document

  1023. A Compact nA/V Triode-MOSFET Transconductor
    J.A. de Lima; W.A. Serdijn;
    Electronics Letters,
    Volume 41, Issue 20, pp. 1113-1114, Sept. 29 2005.
    document

  1024. Log-domain wavelet bases
    S.A.P. Haddad; S. Bagga; W.A. Serdijn;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems?I,
    Volume 52, Issue 10, pp. 2023-2032, Oct. 2005.
    document

  1025. A porous SiC ammonia sensor
    E.J. Connolly; B. Timmer; T.M.H. Pham; J. Groeneweg; P.M. Sarro; W. Olthuis; P.J. French;
    Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical: international journal devoted to research and development of physical and chemical transducers,
    Volume 109, Issue 1, pp. 44-46, 2005. 50/50 EI/ECTM-sb.

  1026. Biomimetic strain-sensing microstructure for improved strain sensor: fabrication results and optical characterization
    D.H.B. Wicaksono; J.F.V. Vincent; G. Pandraud; G. Craciun; P.J. French;
    Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering,
    Volume 15, pp. 72-81, 2005.

  1027. Experimental study of bent SiC optical waveguides
    G. Pandraud; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    Microwave & Optical Technology Letters,
    Volume 47, Issue 3, pp. 219-220, 2005. 100% EI, sb.

  1028. Heat-assisted magnetic probe recording on a CoNi/Pt multilayered film
    Onoue, T.; Siekman, M. H.; Abelmann, L.; Lodder, J. C.;
    Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials,
    Volume 287, Issue SPEC. ISS., pp. 501 – 506, 2005. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmmm.2004.10.083
    Keywords: ... Coercive force; Demagnetization; Electric currents; Magnetic field effects; Magnetic films; Magnetic storage; Multilayers; Heat assist; Magnetic force microscopy; Probe recording; Magnetic recording.

    Abstract: ... Heat-assisted magnetic probe recording on a CoNi/Pt multilayered film is demonstrated by delivering a current through a magnetic force microscopy tip into the recording medium, in combination with an external magnetic field. Without local heating by the probe, no bits could be written because the external field exceeds a level that demagnetizes the medium in its entirety due to local variations in the coercivity of the medium. In contrast, magnetic bits were successfully written by the heat-assisted magnetic probe recording into a saturated medium even if there was no external field, because of the demagnetization field from the surrounding of the heated area. A magnetic bit as small as 80 nm in diameter was obtained by this method. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

    document

  1029. Fabrication of patterned magnetic nanodots by laser interference lithography
    Murillo, R.; Van Wolferen, H. A.; Abelmann, L.; Lodder, J. C.;
    Microelectronic Engineering,
    Volume 78-79, Issue 1-4, pp. 260 – 265, 2005. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1016/j.mee.2005.01.004
    Keywords: ... Antireflection coatings; Data storage equipment; Ion beams; Lithography; Magnetic materials; Photoresists; Spin coating; Laser interference lithography; Magnetic dots; Nanodots; Patterned media; Nanostructured materials.

    Abstract: ... A method of fabrication of patterned magnetic nanodots by means of laser interference lithography is presented. This method includes the use of a diluted positive photoresist, and modifications in the etching angle and acceleration voltage of the ion beam etching process. Vertical standing waves were suppressed by using a high exposure dose (supra-exposure) instead of an antireflective coating. Field dependent magnetic force microscopy was used to measure the switching field distribution, which was found to range from 80 to 192 kA/m. © 2005 Published by Elsevier B.V.

    document

  1030. A read and write element for magnetic probe recording
    Craus, C. B.; Onoue, T.; Ramst{\"o}ck, K.; Geerts, W. G. M. A.; Siekman, M. H.; Abelmann, L.; Lodder, J. C.;
    Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics,
    Volume 38, Issue 3, pp. 363 – 370, 2005. DOI: 10.1088/0022-3727/38/3/002
    Keywords: ... Atomic force microscopy; Computer simulation; Etching; Ion beams; Magnetic anisotropy; Magnetic domains; Magnetoresistance; Microelectromechanical devices; Parameter estimation; Photolithography; Demagnetizing energy; Ion beam etching; Micromagnetic simulations; Scanning probe microscopy (SPM); Magnetic recording.

    Abstract: ... We present our results on the development of magnetic sensors for application in magnetic probe recording. Successful writing experiments on a magnetic medium with perpendicular anisotropy show that magnetic domains of 130 nm can be reversed in a heat-assisted process. For reading purposes we propose a magnetoresistive sensor. The optimization of the shape of the sensor was performed using micromagnetic simulations with the requirement that the sensor has to be capable of both read and write operations. At this stage, the experimental realization of the sensor was carried out at a wafer-base level. The fabrication technique consists of a combination of optical lithography and focused ion beam etching.

    document

  1031. Learning from nature
    D.H.B. Wicaksono; D. Tanase; P.J. French;
    STW, Volume STW Report , 2005.

  1032. Development of post processing micromachining modules for integrated sensors and actuators applications
    T.M.H. Pham; L. Pakula; G. Pandraud; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    STW, Volume STW meeting , 2005.

  1033. The effect of external magnetic field on mark size during field emission assisted magnetic probe recording on CoNi/Pt multilayers
    Zhang, Li; Bain, James A.; Zhu, Jian-Gang; Abelmann, Leon; Onoue, Takahiro;
    conference, 2005.
    document

  1034. Micromagnetic simulation of non uniform nanodots with perpendicular anisotropy
    Dao, N.; Kikuchi, N.; Abelmann, L.; Lodder, J. C.;
    conference, 2005. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/intmag.2005.1464357
    document

  1035. Low voltage, high speed RF switch with high switching capacitance ratio (U-SP-2-I-ICT)
    L. Pakula; P.J. French; H. Yang;
    s.n. (Ed.);
    s.l., , pp. 1-4, 2005. NEO.

  1036. Steering of catheters
    D. Tanase; P.J. French;
    J. Dankelman; C.A. Grimbergen; HG Stassen (Ed.);
    Erlbaum, , pp. 228-251, 2005.

  1037. Sensors for catheters and guidewires
    P.J. French; J.F.L. Goosen; J.J. Piek;
    J. Dankelman; C.A. Grimbergen; HG Stassen (Ed.);
    Lawrence Erlbaum, , pp. 254-270, 2005. BTA foutief 0 toegekend, sb.

  1038. Design of low-voltage MOSFET-only switched-capacitor filters
    Ghasemi, R., Charkhkar, H., As-Adi, A.; R. Lotfi; Mafinejad, K.;
    In Proceedings of the International Conference on Microelectronics, ICM,
    pp. 24-29, 2005.

  1039. Power consumption issues in high-speed high- resolution pipelined A/D converters
    R. Lotfi; Taherzadeh-Sani, M., Shoaei, O.;
    In Proceedings - IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    pp. 4618-4621, 2005.

  1040. Switched-opamp technique for 1-V 12-bit pipelined ADC
    Nabavi, M.R.; R. Lotfi;
    In Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    pp. 851-854, 2005.

  1041. A low-voltage high-PSRR CMOS PTAT & constant-gm reference circuit
    Danaie, M.; R. Lotfi;
    In Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    pp. 1807-1810, 2005.

  1042. A high-gain high-speed low-power class-AB operational amplifier
    Sarbishaei, H., Kahookar, T., Tabasy, E.Z.; R. Lotfi;
    In Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    pp. 271-274, 2005.

  1043. A new ammonia sensor based on a porous SiC membrane
    E.J. Connolly; B. Timmer; H.T.M. Pham; J. Groeneweg; P.M. Sarro; W. Olthuis; P.J. French;
    In Proc. Transducers 2005,
    2005.
    document

  1044. An ammonia sensor based on a porous SiC membrane
    E.J. Connolly; B. Timmer; H.T.M. Pham; J. Groeneweg; P.M. Sarro; W.Olthuis; P.J. French;
    In Proc. Eurosensors XIX,
    2005.
    document

  1045. Actuated elastometers with rigid vertical electrodes
    G.K. Lau; J.F.L Goosen; F. van Keulen; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In Proc. MME 2005,
    pp. 382-385, 2005.

  1046. Suspended submicron SiC waveguides for gas and chemical sensor
    G. Pandrau; C.K. Yang; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In Proc. Eurosensors XIX,
    2005.
    document

  1047. A Multi-Standard Adaptive Image-Reject Downconverter
    A. Tasic; Su-Tarn Lim; W.A. Serdijn; J.R. Long;
    In Proc. Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium (RFIC),
    Long Beach, CA, USA, IEEE, pp. 581-584, June 12-14 2005.
    document

  1048. An Interference Rejection Filter for an Ultra-Wideband Quadrature Downconversion Autocorrelation Receiver
    S. Bagga; S.A.P. Haddad; K. van Hartingsveldt; S. Lee; W.A. Serdijn; J.R. Long;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Kobe, Japan, IEEE, May 23-26 2005.
    document

  1049. A Quantized Analog Delay for an ir-UWB Quadrature Downconversion Receiver
    S. Bagga; L. Zhang; W.A. Serdijn; J.R. Long; E. Busking;
    In Proc. International Conference on Ultra Wideband,
    Z?rich, Switzerland, IEEE, Sept. 5-8 2005.
    document

  1050. Resonant-Inductive Degeneration for a Fourfold Phase-Noise Improvement of a 5.7GHz-Band VCO
    A. Tasic; W.A. Serdijn; J.R. Long; D.L. Harame;
    In Proc. BCTM,
    Santa Barbara, CA, USA, Oct. 9-11 2005.
    document

  1051. A Delay Filter for an ir-UWB Front-End, Proc. 2005 IEEE International Conference on Ultra-Wideband
    S. Bagga; S.A.P. Haddad; W.A. Serdijn; J.R. Long; E. Busking;
    In Proc. International Conference on Ultra Wideband,
    Z?rich, Switzerland, IEEE, Sept. 5-8 2005.
    document

  1052. A New CMOS Current Conveyors based Translinear Loop for Log-Domain Circuit Design and its Applications
    D. Dutta; W.A. Serdijn; S. Banerjee; S. Gupta;
    In Proc. International Conference on VLSI Design,
    pp. 850-853, Jan. 3-7 2005.
    document

  1053. Systematic Performance Comparison of Bessel-Thomson vs. Pad? Approximated Delay Filters
    S.M. Kashmiri; S.A.P. Haddad; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. ProRISC Workshop on Circuits, Systems and Signal processing,
    Veldhoven, the Netherlands, Nov. 17-18 2005.

  1054. A BPM Transmitter for Impulse Radio Ultrawideband Communications
    Sumit Bagga; Sandro A. P. Haddad; Wouter A. Serdijn; John R. Long;
    In Proc. ProRISC Workshop on Circuits, Systems and Signal processing,
    Veldhoven, the Netherlands, Nov. 17-18 2005.

  1055. L2-Approximation of Wavelet Functions
    J.M.H. Karel; R.L.M. Peeters; R.L. Westra; S.A.P. Haddad; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. Benelux Meeting on Systems and Control,
    Houffalize, Belgium, March 22-24 2005.
    document

  1056. Smart pacemakers, from the hand crank to advanced wavelet analysis
    S.A.P. Haddad; R. Houben; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. DISENS Symposium on Biomedical Sensors,
    Delft, the Netherlands, pp. 47-65, May 19 2005. invited presentation.

  1057. Biomedical Ultra Low Power Circuits
    W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. Workshop on Advances in Analogue Circuit Design (AACD),
    Limerick, Ireland, April 5-7 2005. invited presentation.

  1058. A Compact nA/V CMOS Triode Transconductor and its Application to Very-Low Frequency Filters
    J.A. de Lima; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    Kobe, Japan, IEEE, May 23-26 2005.
    document

  1059. Analog Complex Wavelet Filters
    S.A.P. Haddad; J.M.H. Karel; R.L.M. Peeters; R.L. Westra; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    Kobe, Japan, IEEE, May 23-26 2005.
    document

  1060. Wavelet approximation for implementation in dynamic translinear circuits
    J.M.H. Karel; R.L.M. Peeters; R.L. Westra; S.A.P. Haddad; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. IFAC World Congress,
    Prague, Czech Republic, July 4-8 2005.
    document

  1061. Optimal discrete wavelet design for cardiac signal processing
    J.M.H. Karel; R.L.M. Peeters; R.L. Westra; K.M.S. Moermans; S.A.P. Haddad; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. Electronics in Medicine and Biology Symposium,
    Shanghai, China, IEEE, Sept. 1-4 2005.
    document

  1062. Ultra Low-power Analog Morlet Wavelet filter in 0.18um BiCMOS Technology
    S.A.P. Haddad; J.M.H. Karel; R.L.M. Peeters; R.L. Westra; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. European Solid-State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC),
    Grenoble, France, Sept. 16-19 2005.
    document

  1063. An L2-based approach for wavelet approximation
    J.M.H. Karel; R.L.M. Peeters; R.L. Westra; S.A.P. Haddad; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. CDC-ECC,
    Sevilla, Spain, Dec. 12-15 2005.
    document

  1064. Design of Static and Dynamic Translinear Circuits based on CMOS CCII Translinear Loop
    D. Dutta; R. Ujjwal; S. Banerjee; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems (ICECS),
    Gammarth, Tunisia, IEEE, Dec. 11-14 2005.
    document

  1065. Compact building blocks for optical sensing on PECVD SiC technology
    G. Pandraud; D.H.B. Wicaksono; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In s.n. (Ed.), ICICI proceedings,
    ICICI, pp. 453-458, 2005. Editor onbekend JH /100% EI.

  1066. A new ammonia sensor based on porous SIC membrane
    E.J. Connolly; B. Timmer; T.M.H. Pham; J. Groeneweg; P.M. Sarro; W. Olthuis; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Transducers'05 Digest of technical papers,
    IEEE, pp. 1832-1835, 2005. Editor onbekend JH 50/50 EI/ECTM.

  1067. Planar sensor structures for whole blood viscosity measurements
    A. Firouzian; D. Tanase; B.P. Iliev; Z.Y. Chang; W.A. van Duyl; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), SAFE 14cdd3a0a38d424c902ad9ad027edbb9 ProRISC,
    Dutch Technology Foundation, pp. 151-154, 2005. Editor onbekend JH/STW.

  1068. Simple optical characterisation for biopmimetic micromachined silicon strain-sensing structure
    D.H.B. Wicaksono; G. Pandraud; P.J. French;
    In C Quan; FS Chau; A Asundi; BS Wong; CT Lim (Ed.), Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Experimental Mechanics (ICEM 2004),
    SPIE, pp. 788-795, 2005.

  1069. Field-emission nano-tip for microresonator detection
    C.K. Yang; G. Pandraud; EW.J.M. van der Drift; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of the STW programs,
    STW, pp. 181-185, 2005. Editor onbekend JH/STW.

  1070. Low temperature LPCVD SiN direct bonding for sensors
    C.L. Hsu; G. Pandraud; J.F. Creemer; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of the STW annual workshop on semiconductor advances for future electronics and sensors (SAFE 2005),
    Dutch Technology Foundation, pp. 162-166, 2005. Bij EWI gehonoreerd als 1V / 100% EI.

  1071. 3D Hall-effect sensor for use in a navigation system for intravascular interventions
    L.B. Hebrard; D. Tanase; G. Pandraud; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of the Sense of Contact 7 workshop,
    Sence of Contact, pp. 1-6, 2005. Editor onbekend JH.

  1072. An ammonia sensor based on porous SiC
    E.J. Connolly; B. Timmer; T.M.H. Pham; J. Groeneweg; P.M. Sarro; W. Olthuis; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of the Sense of Contact 7 workshop,
    Sense of Contact 2009, pp. 1-4, 2005. Editor onbekend JH/ 100% EI.

  1073. Investigation of multi-sensor techniques for cardiac-output measurements in intensive care
    D. Tanase; B.P. Iliev; J.F.L. Goosen; Z.Y. Chang; G.A.M. Pop; J.M.M. Verwiel; C.J. Slager; L. Pakula; G.C.M. Meijer; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of the 3rd annual International IEEE EMBS Special Topic Conference on Microtechnologies in Medicine and Biology,
    IEEE, pp. 122-125, 2005. Editor onbekend JH.

  1074. Optical measurements on drain fluid for the detection of anastomotic leakage
    L. Pakula; D. Tanase; G. de Graaf; P.J. French; K. Kraal; J.F. Lange;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of the 3rd annual International IEEE EMBS Special Topic Conference on Microtechnologies in Medicine and Biology,
    IEEE, pp. 72-75, 2005. Editor onbekend JH.

  1075. Induced coupled plasma deep reactive ion etching based sensors
    G. Pandraud; D.H.B. Wicaksono; L.B. Hebrard; A.J.L. Adam; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of the 16th MME MicroMechanics Europe Workshop,
    s.n., pp. 68-71, 2005. Editor onbekend JH.

  1076. Microsensors
    P.J. French; D. Tanase; J.F.L. Goosen;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of the 1st International Medical Technology Congress "High Tech in Medicine",
    s.n., pp. 1-8, 2005. Editor onbekend JH.

  1077. On detection of micro and submicron cantilevers
    C.K. Yang; K. Babaei Gavan; G. Pandraud; A.J. Katan; EW.J.M. van der Drift; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of the 16th MME MicroMechanics Europe Workshop,
    s.n., pp. 316-319, 2005. Editor onbekend JH.

  1078. Actuated elastomers with rigid vertical electrodes
    G.K. Lau; J.F.L. Goosen; A. van Keulen; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of the 16th MME MicroMechanics Europe Workshop,
    Chalmers University of Technology, pp. 382-385, 2005. Editor onbekend - IT.

  1079. Smart microsystems technology for biomedical applications
    P.J. French; D. Tanase; J.F.L. Goosen;
    In RV Krishnan; R Sudaram; GM Kamath (Ed.), Proceedings of ISSS 2005, International Conference on Smart Materials Structures and Systems,
    ISSS, pp. PP-5-PP-8, 2005.

  1080. Image processing and interpretation for optical characterisation of biomimetic mechanical-strain-sensing microstructure
    D.H.B. Wicaksono; G. Pandraud; P.J. French;
    In S Yudha; A Suparmanto (Ed.), ICICI proceedings,
    ICICI, pp. 341-346, 2005.

  1081. Biomedical sensors
    P.J. French; D. Tanase; J.F.L. Goosen;
    In s.n. (Ed.), ICICI proceedings,
    ICICI, pp. 8-11, 2005. Editor onbekend JH.

  1082. Low voltage high speed rf switch
    L. Pakula; H. Yang; P.J. French;
    In {R Reus}, de; {S Bouwstra} (Ed.), Eurosensors XIX, proceedings,
    IEEE, pp. 1-4, 2005. Editor onbekend.

  1083. An ammonia sensor based on porous SIC membrane
    E.J. Connolly; B. Timmer; T.M.H. Pham; J. Groeneweg; P.M. Sarro; W. Olthuis; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Eurosensors XIX, Proceedings,
    IEEE, pp. 1-4, 2005. Editor onbekend JH /100% EI.

  1084. Size-dependency of cryo-icp-etching-based process for the fabrication of biomimetic membrane-in-recess microstructure
    D.H.B. Wicaksono; G. Pandraud; G. Craciun; P.J. French;
    In {R Reus}, de; {S Bouwstra} (Ed.), Eurosensors XIX, proceedings,
    IEEE, pp. 1-4, 2005. Editor onbekend.

  1085. The 3-D Hall-effect sensor optimized thru backside deep etching
    L.B. Hebrard; G. Pandraud; J.B. kammerer; D. Tanase; P.J. French;
    In {R Reus}, de; {S Bouwstra} (Ed.), Eurosensors XIX, proceedings,
    IEEE, pp. 1-4, 2005. Editor onbekend JH.

  1086. Suspended submicron PEVCD SiC waveguides for gas and chemical sensors
    G. Pandraud; C.K. Yang; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Eurosensors XIX,
    IEEE, pp. 1-4, 2005. 100% EI, sb.

  1087. Biomedical sensors overview
    P.J. French; D. Tanase; J.F.L. Goosen;
    In s.n. (Ed.), DISens symposium-book-2005,
    Technische Universiteit Delft, pp. 6-10, 2005. Editor onbekend JH.

  1088. PECVD SIC RIB channel waveguides loss and passive devices
    G. Pandraud; T.M.H. Pham; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), ECIO'05 proceedings,
    s.n., pp. 262-265, 2005. Editor onbekend JH.

  1089. Polarization-insensitive PECVD SiC waveguides for photonic sensing
    G. Pandraud; T.M.H. Pham; L. Pakula; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French;
    In M Voet; R Willsch; W Ecke; J Jones; B Culshaw (Ed.), 17th International Conference on Optical Fibre Sensors,
    SPIE, pp. 836-839, 2005. 100% EI, sb.

  1090. Surgical drill system and surgical drill bit to be used
    P.J. French;
    2005.

  1091. Vitaliteitssensor
    P.J. French;
    2005. Lijst Liewe OCT-05-009; NL2005/00508; Lijst Liewe OCT-05-009.

  1092. Analysis of dynamic non-linearities in pipeline ADCs
    Taherzadeh-Sani, M.; R. Lotfi; Shoaei, O.;
    IEICE Transactions on Electronics,
    Volume E87-C, Issue 6, pp. 976-984, 2004.

  1093. Pseudo-class-AB telescopic-cascode operational amplifier
    Taherzadeh-Sani, M.; R. Lotfi; Shoaei, O.;
    Electronics Letters,
    Volume 40, Issue 4, pp. 219-221, 2004.

  1094. The history and development of pacemakers: an electronics perspective
    S.A.P. Haddad, R. Houben; W.A. Serdijn;
    Klinische Fysica,
    Issue 1, pp. 8-15, 2004. invited paper.

  1095. A Switched-MOSFET Programmable Low-Voltage Filter
    L.C.C. Marques; W.A. Serdijn;
    Journal of Integrated Circuits and Systems,
    Volume 1, Issue 1, March 2004. invited paper, ISSN: 1807-1953.

  1096. Relative humidity sensors using porous SiC membranes and Al electrodes
    E. J. Connolly; H. T. M. Pham; J. Groeneweg; P. M. Sarro; P. J. French;
    Sensors and Actuators B,
    Volume 100, Issue 1-2, 2004, pp. 216-220, 2004.

  1097. Fabrication of a CMOS compatible pressure sensor for harsh environment
    L.S.Pakula; H.Yang; H.T.M.Pham; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    J. Micromech. Microeng.,
    Volume 14, Issue 11, pp. 1478-1483, 2004.

  1098. The saturation current of silicon bipolar transistors at moderate stress levels and its relation to the energy-band structure
    J.F. Creemer; P.J. French;
    Journal of Applied Physics,
    Volume 96, Issue 8, pp. 4530-4538, 2004.

  1099. Galvanic etch stop for Si in KOH
    E. Connolly; P.J. French; J.J. Kelly;
    Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering,
    Volume 14, pp. 1215-1219, 2004.

  1100. Fabrication of a CMOS compatible pressure sensor for harsh environments
    L. Pakula; H. Yang; T.M.H. Pham; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering,
    Volume 14, pp. 1478-1483, 2004. ed.is niet bekend.

  1101. Sensors for catheter applications
    P.J. French; D. Tanase; J.F.L. Goosen;
    Sensors Update,
    Volume 13, Issue 1, pp. 107-153, 2004. ed. is Allen, M en Crooks, RM.

  1102. Relative humidity sensors using porous SiC membranes and Al electrodes
    E. Connolly; H.M.T. Pham; J. Groeneweg; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French;
    Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical: international journal devoted to research and development of physical and chemical transducers,
    Volume 100, pp. 216-220, 2004. 50-50 EI-ECTM.

  1103. Magnetic-based navigation system for endovascular interventions
    D. Tanase; J.F.L. Goosen; N.H. Bakker; P.J. Trimp; J.A. Reekers; P.J. French;
    Klinische Fysica,
    Issue 1, pp. 3-7, 2004.

  1104. A model for mark size dependence on field emission voltage in heat-assisted magnetic probe recording on CoNi/Pt multilayers
    Zhang, Li; Bain, James A.; Zhu, Jian-Gang; Abelmann, Leon; Onoue, Takahiro;
    IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,
    Volume 40, Issue 4 II, pp. 2549 – 2551, 2004. DOI: 10.1109/TMAG.2004.830220
    Keywords: ... Diffusion; Field emission cathodes; Magnetic recording; Magnetic storage; Probes; Scanning tunneling microscopy; Size determination; Thermal effects; Threshold voltage; Field emission; High-density recording; Prolate spheroidal coordinates; Multilayers.

    Abstract: ... A method of heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) potentially suitable for probe-based storage systems is characterized. In this work, Held emission current from a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) tip is used as the heating source. Pulse voltages of 2-7 V with a duration of 500 ns were applied to a CoNi/Pt multilayered film. Different types of Ir/Pt and W STM tips were used in the experiment. The results show that thermally recorded magnetic marks are formed with a nearly uniform mark size of 170 nm when the pulse voltage is above a threshold voltage. The threshold voltage depends on the material work function of the tip, with W having a threshold voltage about 1 V lower than Pt. The emission area of our tip-sample system derived from an analytic expression for field emission current is approximately equal to the mark size, and is largely independent of pulse voltage. This emission area is large compared to lateral heat diffusion in the film. Thus higher applied voltages lead to higher peak temperatures in the model of the write process, but the mark diameter remains relatively unchanged.

    document

  1105. Probe recording on CoNi/Pt multilayered thin films by using an MFM tip
    Onoue, T.; Siekman, M. H.; Abelmann, L.; Lodder, J. C.;
    Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials,
    Volume 272-276, Issue III, pp. 2317 – 2318, 2004. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmmm.2003.12.940
    Keywords: ... Cobalt compounds; Magnetic amplifiers; Magnetic couplings; Magnetic materials; Magnetization; Multilayers; Probes; Thin films; CoNi/Pt multilayer; Exchange coupling; Magnetic bits; Probe recording; Magnetic recording.

    Abstract: ... Reversed single magnetic bits of 130nm in diameter were successfully written in a CoNi/Pt multilayered film by means of magnetic probe recording. A weak exchange coupled layer deposited onto a stronger exchange coupled layer effectively induces a local magnetic reversal, which results in the formation of small and stable magnetic bits. © 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

    document

  1106. Learning from nature
    D.H.B. Wickasono; D. Tanase; P.J. French;
    EI Lab, Delft University of Technology, , 2004.

  1107. Development of post processing micromachining modules for integrated sensors and actuators applications
    T.M.H. Pham; L. Pakula; G. Pandraud; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    Delft University of Technology - EI/ECTM-DIMES, Volume STW - DMF.5103 , 2004.

  1108. Monthly report 13.4 March 2004
    P.J. French;
    s.n., , 2004.

  1109. Technology of silicon-based liquid crystal wavefront correctors
    G.V. Vdovin; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro; M. Loktev; X. Zhang; A.N. Simonov;
    Delft University of Technology, , 2004.

  1110. The development of micromachined humidity sensors based on a dielectric of porous silicon
    E. Connolly; P.J. French;
    Delft University of Technology, , 2004.

  1111. Development of dry etch technology for intelligent micromachined devices
    G. Craciun; EW.J.M. van der Drift; P.J. French;
    Delft University of Technology, , 2004.

  1112. Monthly report 14.1 June 2004
    P.J. French;
    s.l., , 2004.

  1113. The role of STM tip shape in heat assisted magnetic probe recording on CoNi/Pt film
    Zhang, Li; Bain, James A.; Zhu, Jian-Gang; Abelmann, Leon; Onoue, Takahiro;
    conference, 2004. DOI: 10.1115/nano2004-46057
    Keywords: ... Approximation theory; Electric potential; Magnetooptical effects; Metallic films; Scanning tunneling microscopy; Superparamagnetism; Surface tension; Emission current; Heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR); Magnetic probe recording; Pulse voltage; Magnetic recording.

    Abstract: ... A method of heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) potentially suitable for probe-based storage systems is characterized. In this work, field emission current from a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) tip is used as the heating source. The tip is made of Ir/Pt alloy. Pulse voltages of 3-7 V with a duration of 500ns were applied to a CoNi/Pt multilayered film. Written by a blunt tip (radius 1000nm), marks are formed with a nearly uniform mark size of 170nm when the pulse voltage is above 4 V. While sharp tip (radius 50 nm) writing achieves no mark. The emission area of our tipsample system derived from an analytic expression for field emission current is approximately equal to the mark size, and is largely independent of pulse voltage. For the blunt tip, the emission region is almost the same as the mark size. While for the sharp tip, the initially formed mark is too small, so that the domain wall surface tension shrinks the mark and it crashes finally. Copyright © 2004 by ASME.

    document

  1114. Sensors for catheter applications
    P.J. French; D. Tanase; J.F.L. Goosen;
    H. Baltes; GK Fedder; J.G. Korvink (Ed.);
    Wiley, , pp. 107-153, 2004. niet eerder opgevoerd JH.

  1115. Steering of catheters
    N.H. Bakker; D. Tanase; J.A. Reekers; P.J. French; C.A. Grimbergen;
    J. Dankelman; C.A. Grimbergen; HG Stassen (Ed.);
    Erlbaum, , pp. 228-251, 2004.

  1116. Design and preliminary fabrication of a new micromachined silicon strain sensor based on the campaniform sensillum of insects
    D.H.B. Wickasono; G. Pandraud; G. Craciun; J.F.L. Goosen; W.A. van Duyl; J.F.V. Vincent; P.J. French;
    The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan, , pp. 437-442, 2004. ed. is niet bekend.

  1117. Integrated microsystems in the macro-world
    P.J. French;
    AIAA, , pp. 1-10, 2004. ed. is niet bekend.

  1118. Systematic design for optimization of high-resolution pipelined ADCs
    Taherzadeh-Sani, M.; R. Lotfi; Shoaei, O.;
    In Proceedings - Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference and Exhibition,
    pp. 678-679, 2004.

  1119. A pseudo-class-AB telescopic-cascode operational amplifier
    Taherzadeh-Sani, M.; R. Lotfi; Shoaei, O.;
    In Proceedings - IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    pp. I737-I740, 2004.

  1120. A 12-bit 40MSPS 3.3-V 56-mW pipelined A/D converter in 0.25-um CMOS
    R. Lotfi; Taherzadeh-Sani, M., Shoaei, O.;
    In Proceedings - IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    pp. I69-I72, 2004.

  1121. A quadrature downconversion autocorrelation receiver architecture for UWB
    S. Lee; S. Bagga; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. Workshop on Wireless Circuits and Systems (WoWCAS),
    Vancouver, Canada, pp. 49-50, May 21-22 2004.

  1122. Multi-Standard/Multi-Band Adaptive Voltage-Controlled Oscillator
    A. Tasic; W.A. Serdijn; J.R. Long;
    In Proc. Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Symposium (RFIC),
    Fort Worth, TX, USA, IEEE, June 6-8 2004.
    document

  1123. An inherently linear CMOS multiplier
    Y. Dong; S. Bagga; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. Workshop on Wireless Circuits and Systems (WoWCAS),
    Vancouver, Canada, pp. 53-54, May 21-22 2004.

  1124. A PPM Gaussian Monocycle Transmitter for Ultra-Wideband Communications
    S. Bagga; W.A. Serdijn; J.R. Long;
    In Proc. UWBST & IWUWBS,
    Kyoto, Japan, May 19-21 2004.
    document

  1125. A Quadrature Downconversion Autocorrelation Receiver Architecture for UWB
    S. Lee; S. Bagga; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. UWBST & IWUWBS,
    Kyoto, Japan, May 19-21 2004.
    document

  1126. 800 MHz voltage-controlled oscillator with 6 dB phase-noise tuning range
    A. Tasic; W.A. Serdijn; J.R. Long;
    In Proc. MIEL,
    Nis, Serbia, pp. 559-562, May 16-19 2004.
    document

  1127. An inherently linear CMOS Multiplier
    S. Bagga; Y. Dong; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. ProRISC Workshop on Circuits, Systems and Signal processing,
    Veldhoven, the Netherlands, Nov. 25-26 2004.

  1128. Complex Wavelet Transform for Analog Signal Processing
    S.A.P. Haddad; J.M.H. Karel; R.L.M. Peeters; R.L. Westra; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. ProRISC Workshop on Circuits, Systems and Signal processing,
    Veldhoven, the Netherlands, Nov. 25-26 2004.

  1129. Optimal distribution of the specifications to the RF front-end circuit blocks
    A. Tasic; W.A. Serdijn; J.R. Long;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Vancouver, Canada, IEEE, May 23-26 2004.
    document

  1130. DCS1800/WCDMA adaptive voltage-controlled oscillator
    A. Tasic; W.A. Serdijn; J.R. Long;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Vancouver, Canada, IEEE, May 23-26 2004.
    document

  1131. Design of a Log-domain Differentiator and Integrator Based Universal Analog Biquadratic filter
    D. Dutta; S. Banerjee; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. Mid-West Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS),
    Hiroshima, Japan, IEEE, July 25-28 2004.
    document

  1132. A PPM Gaussian pulse generator for ultra-wideband communications
    S. Bagga; G. de Vita; S.A.P. Haddad; W.A. Serdijn; J.R. Long;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Vancouver, Canada, IEEE, May 23-26 2004.
    document

  1133. Log-domain wavelet bases
    S.A.P. Haddad; S. Bagga; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Vancouver, Canada, IEEE, May 23-26 2004.
    document

  1134. Optimized dynamic translinear implementation of the Gaussian wavelet transform
    S.A.P. Haddad; N. Verwaal; R. Houben; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Vancouver, Canada, IEEE, May 23-26 2004.
    document

  1135. Integrated microsystems industrial applications
    P.J. French;
    In IWONN'04; Proceedings of the Second international workshop on nanophysics and nanotechnology,
    s.n., pp. 1-10, 2004.

  1136. Fabrication results and qualitative optical characterisation of a new type biomimetric strain-sensing micro-structures
    D.H.B. Wickasono; G. Pandraud; G. Craciun; J.F.V. Vincent; P.J. French;
    In MME 2004; Proceedings of the 15th micromechanics Europe workshop,
    s.n., pp. 80-83, 2004. ed. is niet bekend.

  1137. Relative humidity sensors for harsh enviroments
    E. Connolly; H.M.T. Pham; J. Groeneweg; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French;
    In G.C.M. Meijer (Ed.), The sense of contact VI; sensor workshop for industry and science,
    s.n., pp. 1-6, 2004.

  1138. Surface micromachined CMOS compatible vertical accelerometer
    L. Pakula; H. Yang; P.J. French;
    In The sense of contact 6: where industry meets science workshop sensortechnology,
    s.n., pp. 1-4, 2004. ed. is niet bekend.

  1139. CMOS compatible pressure sensors: a comparison between SiC and SiN
    L. Pakula; H. Yang; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In SAFE bdf98e4d646247d79cef99391c2b9226 ProRISC 2004; Proceedings of semiconductor advances for future electronics,
    STW Technology Foundation, pp. 769-773, 2004. ed. is niet bekend.

  1140. SiC micromachined Mach-Zehnder interferometer on silicon for pressure sensor
    G. Pandraud; L. Pakula; T.M.H. Pham; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In SAFE 38da0e1eb22143fbb7fad260632affd7 ProRISC 2004; Proceedings of semiconductor advances for future electronics,
    STW Technology Foudation, pp. 1-4, 2004. ed. is niet bekend.

  1141. Early stages fabrication and optical characterisation of new micromachined silicon strain-sensing structures inspired from the campaniform sensillum of insects
    D.H.B. Wickasono; G. Pandraud; J.F.V. Vincent; P.J. French;
    In SAFE 2004; Proceedings of semiconductor advances for future electronics,
    Technology Foundation STW, pp. 787-792, 2004. ed. is niet bekend.

  1142. A new ammonia sensor
    E. Connolly; B. Timmer; T.M.H. Pham; P.M. Sarro; W. Olthuis; P.J. French;
    In H Varwijk (Ed.), SAFE 2004; Proceedings of semiconductor advances for future elecronics,
    STW Technology Foundation, pp. 1-4, 2004.

  1143. Design, and early stages-fabrication of new biomimetric strain-sensing microstructures
    D.H.B. Wickasono; G. Pandraud; G. Craciun; J.F.V. Vincent; P.J. French;
    In M Djamal; Sukirno; Z Su'ud; Khairurriijal; Suprijadi; A Waris (Ed.), Proceedings seminar instrumentasi berbsis fisika II,
    Departemen Fisika Institut Teknologi Bandung, pp. 57-62, 2004.

  1144. Porous SiC as an ammonia sensor
    E. Connolly; B. Timmer; T.M.H. Pham; J. Groeneweg; P.M. Sarro; W. Olthuis; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of IEEE Sensors, 2004,
    IEEE, pp. 178-181, 2004. niet eerder opgevoerd -sb 50/50 EI/ECTM.

  1145. Silicon carbide membrane relative humidity sensor with aluminium electrodes
    E. Connolly; H.M.T. Pham; J. Groeneweg; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French;
    In MEMS 2004 technical digest; 17th IEEE international conference on micro electro mechanical systems,
    IEEE, pp. 193-196, 2004. ed. is niet bekend.

  1146. Fabrication and initial characterisation results of a micromachined biomimetic strain sensor inspired from the campaniform sensillum of insects
    D.H.B. Wicaksono; G. Pandraud; G. Craciun; J.F.V. Vincent; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), Proceedings of IEEE Sensors, 2004,
    IEEE, pp. 542-545, 2004. niet eerder opgevoerd.

  1147. A novel ull-in accelerometer
    L. Pakula; H. Yang; P.J. French;
    In ICEE 2004; Coference proceedings of the international conference on electrical engineering 2004 joint conference with AsiPcific conference of tranducers and micro-nano technology 2004,
    ICEE, pp. 163-167, 2004. ed. is niet bekend.

  1148. Single step IC-compatible processing of inertial sensors using SF6-O2 cryogenic plasma process
    G. Craciun; H. Yang; L. Pakula; EW.J.M. van der Drift; P.J. French;
    In Takashi KAWAMURA; Eun-Woong LEE; Yanchang Lu; Kwan James (Ed.), ICEE2004; Conference proceedings of the International conference of elecrical engineering 2004,
    The Institute of the Electrical Engineers of Japan, pp. 174-178, 2004. ed. is niet bekend.

  1149. SiC passive optomechanical transducer head for sensor applications
    G. Pandraud; L. Pakula; H.M.T. Pham; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In Digest of technical papers; XVIII Eurosensors,
    University of Rome, pp. 1-4, 2004. ed. is niet bekend/50-50 EI-ECTM.

  1150. Silicon Carbide Membrane Relative Humidity Sensor with Aluminium Electrodes
    E.J. Connolly; H.T.M. Pham; J. Groeneweg; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French;
    In MEMS 2004,
    Maastricht, The Netherlands, pp. 193-196, Jan. 2004. ISBN 0-7803-8265-X.
    document

  1151. SiC passive optomechanical transducer head for sensor applications
    G. Pandrau; L.S. Pakula; H.T.M. Pham; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In Proc. Eurosensors XVIII,
    Rome, pp. 24-28, Sept. 2004. ISBN 88-7621-282-5.

  1152. Porous SiC as ammonia sensor
    E.J. Connolly; B. Timmer; H.T.M.Pham; J. Groeneweg; P.M. Sarro; W.Olthuis; P.J. French;
    In Proc. Eurosensors XVIII,
    Rome, pp. 672-674, Sept. 2004. 88-7621-282-5.

  1153. A CMOS Semi-Custom Chip for Mixed Signal Designs
    Van Genderen, AJ; Cotofana, SD; De Graaf, G; Kaichouhi, A; Liedorp, J; Nouta, R; Pertijs, MAP; Verhoeven, CJM;
    In Book of abstracts, ProRISC 2004,
    ProRISC, 2004.
    document

  1154. Method of Manufacturing an Electronic Device and Electronic Device (U-SP-2-I-ICT)
    K.A.A. Makinwa; S.G. den Hartog; P.J. French;
    2004.

  1155. Method of manufacturing an electronic device and electronic device
    H. Boezen; S.G. den Hartog; P.J. French; K.A.A. Makinwa;
    2004. Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV/niet eerder opgevoerd; WO2004071943; Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV/niet eerder opgevoerd.

  1156. Low-power design techniques for low-voltage fast-settling operational amplifiers in switched-capacitor applications
    R. Lotfi; Taherzadeh-Sani, M., Yaser Azizi, M., Shoaei, O.;
    Integration, the VLSI Journal,
    Volume 36, Issue 4, pp. 175-189, 2003.

  1157. Modified Reynold's equation and analytical analysis of squeeze-film air damping of perforated structures
    M. Bao; H. Yang; Y. Sun; P.J. French;
    Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering,
    Volume 13, pp. 795-800, 2003.

  1158. Navigation system for endovascular interventions
    D. Tanase; J.F.L. Goosen; P.J. Trimp; J.A. Reekers; P.J. French;
    Minimally Invasive Therapy and Allied Technologies,
    Volume 12, Issue 3/4, 2003.

  1159. High-Resolution MFM: Simulation of Tip Sharpening
    Saito, Hitoshi; Van den Bos, Arnout; Abelmann, Leon; Lodder, J. Cock;
    IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,
    Volume 39, Issue 5 II, pp. 3447 – 3449, 2003. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/TMAG.2003.816178
    Keywords: ... Computer simulation; Magnetization; Optical resolving power; Thermal noise; Magnetic force microscopy (MFM); Magnetic domains.

    Abstract: ... The transfer functions of tips with various sharpened tip ends were calculated and the resolution of these tips was estimated by considering the resolution limit due to thermal noise at room temperature. The tip having an ellipsoidal tip end (ellipsoidal tip) is found to be a suitable candidate for high-resolution magnetic force microscopy. Sharpening of the flat tip end makes zero signal frequencies disappear for tips with ellipticities larger than tan 45°. The sensitivity shows a maximum around an ellipticity of tan 80°. The ellipsoidal tip shows a much smaller tip thickness dependence compared to the tip having a flat tip end because only the tip end mainly contributes to signals in case of the ellipsoidal tip.

    document

  1160. Large capacity probe recording using storage robots
    Abelmann, L.; Bolhuis, T.; Hoexum, A. M.; Krijnen, G. J. M.; Lodder, J. C.;
    IEE Proceedings: Science, Measurement and Technology,
    Volume 150, Issue 5, pp. 218 – 221, 2003. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1049/ip-smt:20030693
    Keywords: ... Cellular arrays; Computer architecture; Data recording; Magnetic heads; Microactuators; Robots; Storage allocation (computer); Mass data storage system architecture; Storage robots; Data storage equipment.

    Abstract: ... The authors propose a concept in mass data storage system architecture, in which thousands of read/write heads, storage robots or StoBots move independently over a large, flat storage medium. This concept, which has not been previously proposed, offers new degrees of freedom in data storage systems design, which could lead to a superior performance over conventional systems such as hard disks and tape. The impact of different file system architectures on the access time and data-rate of the StoBot drive is investigated.

    document

  1161. Technology of silicon-based liquid crystal wavefront correctors
    G.V. Vdovin; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro; M. Loktev; X. Zhang;
    s.n., Volume STW project DOE.5490 , 2003.

  1162. Monthly report 12.4
    P.J. French;
    s.n., Volume Report 12.4 march 2003 , 2003.

  1163. Development of post processing micromachining modules for integrated sensors and actuators applications
    H.M.T. Pham; L. Pakula; G. Pandraud; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    s.n., Volume DMF 5103 , 2003.

  1164. Monthly report 13.3 December 2003
    P.J. French;
    s.n., , 2003. Nog niet eerder opgevoerd.

  1165. The development of micromachined humidity sensors based on a dielectric of porous silicon - meeting 5
    E. Connolly; P.J. French;
    s.n., Volume STW project DEL 4694 , 2003.

  1166. Integrated Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor progress report
    D.W. de Lima Monteiro; G.V. Vdovin; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French;
    s.n., Volume STW project DOE.5375 , 2003.

  1167. Progress report may 2003
    G. Craciun; EW.J.M. van der Drift; P.J. French;
    s.n., Volume STW project DEL 4577 , 2003.

  1168. Monthly report 13.2
    P.J. French;
    s.n., Volume Report 13.2 june 2003 , 2003.

  1169. Monthly report 13.2 sept
    P.J. French;
    s.n., Volume Report 13.2 september 200 , 2003.

  1170. the development of micromachined humidity sensors based on a dielectric of porous silicon - meeting 6
    E. Connolly; P.J. French;
    s.n., Volume STW project DEL 4694 , 2003.

  1171. High resolution MFM: Simulation of tip sharpening
    Saito, H.; Van Den Bos, A. G.; Abelmann, L.; Lodder, J. C.;
    conference, 2003. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/INTMAG.2003.1230602
    Keywords: ... Artificial intelligence; Magnetic domains; Magnetic films; Magnetic force microscopy; Magnetic recording; Frequency; Magnetic force; Perpendicular magnetic recording; Shape; Signal resolution; Magnetism.

    Abstract: ... In this paper, we calculate MFM signals for tips with various tip-end shapes and discuss the effect of tip sharpening of MFM sensitivity and resolution. © 2003 IEEE.

    document

  1172. A Low-Power Design Methodology for High-Resolution Pipelined Analog-to-Digital Converters
    R. Lotfi; Taherzadeh-Sani, M., Yaser Azizi, M., Shoaei, O.;
    In Proceedings of the International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design,
    pp. 334-339, 2003.

  1173. An analytical approach to the estimation of dynamic non-linearity parameters in pipeline A/D converters
    Taherzadeh-Sani, M.; R. Lotfi; Shoaei, O.;
    In European Solid-State Circuits Conference,
    pp. 715-718, 2003.

  1174. A 1-V 1-mW High-Speed Class AB Operational Amplifier for High-Speed Low Power Pipelined A/D Converters using "Slew Boost" Technique
    Aslanzadeh, H.A., Mehrmanesh, S., Vahidfar, M.B., Safarian, A.Q.; R. Lotfi;
    In Proceedings of the International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design,
    pp. 340-344, 2003.

  1175. An analytical approach to the estimation of the spurious-free dynamic range in pipeline A/D converters
    Taherzadeh-Sani, M.; R. Lotfi; Shoaei, O.;
    In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits, and Systems,
    pp. 946-949, 2003.

  1176. A 1.5-V 12-BIT 75M-samples/s fully-differential low-power sample-and-hold amplifier in 0.25-μm CMOS
    R. Lotfi; Tahenadeh-Sani, M., Shoaei, O.;
    In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits, and Systems,
    pp. 814-817, 2003.

  1177. A New Architecture for Rail-to-Rail Input Constant-gm CMOS Operational Transconductance Amplifiers
    M.M. Ahmadi; R. Lotfi; Sharif-Bakhtiar, M.;
    In Proceedings of the International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design,
    pp. 353-358, 2003.

  1178. A novel frequency compensation technique for two-stage CMOS operational amplifiers
    Taherzadeh-Sani, M.; R. Lotfi; Shoaei, O.;
    In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits, and Systems,
    pp. 256-259, 2003.

  1179. A Statistical Approach to Estimate the Dynamic Non-Linearity Parameters of Pipeline ADCs
    Taherzadeh-Sani, M.; R. Lotfi; Shoaei, O.;
    In IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer-Aided Design, Digest of Technical Papers,
    pp. 367-370, 2003.

  1180. Systematic Design for Power Minimization of Pipelined Analog-to-Digital Converters
    R. Lotfi; Taherzadeh-Sani, M., Yaser Azizi, M., Shoaei, O.;
    In IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer-Aided Design, Digest of Technical Papers,
    pp. 371-374, 2003.

  1181. Concept of noise-figure tuning of low-noise amplifiers
    A. Tasic; W.A. Serdijn; J.R. Long;
    In Proc. European Conference on Circuit Theory and Design (ECCTD),
    Krakow, Poland, Sept. 1-4 2003.

  1182. Design of a new log-domain differentiator based universal analog biquadratic filter
    D. Dutta; W.A. Serdijn; S. Banerjee; U.P. Phatke;
    In Proc. Mid-West Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS),
    Cairo, Egypt, IEEE, Dec. 27-30 2003.
    document

  1183. DCS1800/WCDMA adaptive voltage-controlled oscillator
    A. Tasic; W.A. Serdijn; J.R. Long;
    In Proc. ProRISC Workshop on Circuits, Systems and Signal processing,
    Veldhoven, the Netherlands, pp. 276-279, Nov. 26-27 2003.

  1184. Optimized dynamic translinear implementation of the Gaussian wavelet transform
    N. Verwaal; S.A.P. Haddad; R.P. Houben; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. ProRISC Workshop on Circuits, Systems and Signal processing,
    Veldhoven, the Netherlands, pp. 280-283, Nov. 26-27 2003.

  1185. A PPM Gaussian pulse generator for ultra-wideband communications
    S. Bagga; G. de Vita; S.A.P. Haddad; W.A. Serdijn; J.R. Long;
    In Proc. ProRISC Workshop on Circuits, Systems and Signal processing,
    Veldhoven, the Netherlands, pp. 169-172, Nov. 26-27 2003.

  1186. Analog Wavelet Transform Employing Dynamic Translinear Circuits for Cardiac Signal Characterization
    S.A.P. Haddad; R.P.M. Houben; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Bangkok, Thailand, IEEE, May 25-28 2003. ISBN: 0-7803-7762-1.
    document

  1187. An Ultra Low-Power Dynamic Translinear Sense Amplifier for Pacemakers
    S.A.P. Haddad; S. Gieltjes; R.P.M. Houben; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Bangkok, Thailand, IEEE, May 25-28 2003. ISBN: 0-7803-7762-1.
    document

  1188. Matching of Low-Noise Amplifiers at High Frequencies
    A. Tasic; W.A. Serdijn; J.R. Long;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Bangkok, Thailand, IEEE, May 25-28 2003. ISBN: 0-7803-7762-1.
    document

  1189. Adaptivity Figures of Merit and K-rail Diagrams -- Comprehensive Performance Characterization of Low-Noise Amplifiers and Voltage-Controlled Oscillators
    A. Tasic; W.A. Serdijn; J.R. Long;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Bangkok, Thailand, IEEE, May 25-28 2003. ISBN: 0-7803-7762-1.
    document

  1190. Concept of Transformer-Feedback Degeneration of Low-Noise Amplifiers
    A. Tasic; W.A. Serdijn; J.R. Long;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Bangkok, Thailand, IEEE, May 25-28 2003. ISBN: 0-7803-7762-1.
    document

  1191. Low-Noise Biasing of Voltage-Controlled Oscillators by means of Resonant Inductive Degeneration
    A. Tasic; W.A. Serdijn; J.R. Long;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Bangkok, Thailand, IEEE, May 25-28 2003. ISBN: 0-7803-7762-1.
    document

  1192. Polyimide Sacrificial Layer for an All-Dry Post-Process Surface Micromachining Module
    H.T.M. Pham; A. Bagolini; C.R. de Boer; J.M.W. Laros; L. Pakula; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In Transducers,
    Boston, Massachuesetts, USA, pp. 813-816, Jun. 2003. ISBN 0-7803-7731-1.
    document

  1193. Stiction of Surface Micromachined Structures: A Study of the Problem and the Possible Solutions
    H.T.M. Pham; L.S. Pakula; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In Proc. SAFE 2003,
    Veldhoven, The Netherlands, pp. 711-715, Nov. 2003. ISBN 90-73461-39-1.

  1194. Electromechamical optical attenuation in micromachined SiC waveguides
    G. Pandraud; H. Yang; L.S. Pakula; H.T.M. Pham; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In Proc. SAFE 2003,
    Veldhoven, The Netherlands, pp. 631-634, Nov. 2003. ISBN 90-73461-39-1.

  1195. Fabrication of a CMOS Compatible Pressure Sensor for Harsh Environments
    L.S. Pakula; H. Yang; H.T.M. Pham; P.J. French; P. M. Sarro;
    In Proc. 16th IEEE International MEMS conference,
    Kyoto, Japan, pp. 502-505, Jan. 2003.
    document

  1196. Polyimide sacrificial layer for an all-dray post-process surface micromachining module
    T.M.H. Pham; A. Bagolini; C.R. de Boer; J.M.W. Laros; L. Pakula; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In Transducers'03 Digest of technical papers,
    IEEE, pp. 813-816, 2003.

  1197. Relative humidity sensors using porous SiC membranes and Al electrodes
    E. Connolly; T.M.H. Pham; J. Groeneweg; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French;
    In SAFE 2003 Semiconductor advances for future electronics,
    Stichting voor de Technische Wetenschappen, pp. 678-682, 2003. CD-ROM 50/50 EI/ECTM.

  1198. Surface micromachined CMOS compatible vertical accelerometer
    L. Pakula; H. Yang; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), SAFE 2003 Semiconductor advances for future electronics,
    Stichting voor de Technische Wetenschappen, pp. 707-710, 2003. CD-ROM.

  1199. Preliminary study on the design of a new micromachined silicon strain sensor based on the Campaniform sensillum of insects
    D.H.B. Wickasono; W.A. van Duyl; J.F.V. Vincent; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), SAFE 2003 Semiconductor advances for future electornics,
    Stichting voor de Technische Wetenschappen, pp. 721-725, 2003. CD-ROM.

  1200. Electromechanical optical attenuation in micromachined SiC waveguids
    G. Pandraud; H. Yang; L. Pakula; T.M.H. Pham; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In s.n. (Ed.), SAFE 2003 Semiconductor advances for future electronics,
    Stichting voor de Technische Wetenschappen, pp. 631-634, 2003. CD-ROM.

  1201. A novel RF switch with low driving voltage
    L. Pakula; H. Yang; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), SAFE 2003 Semiconductor advances for future electronics,
    Stichting voor de Technische Wetenschappen, pp. 753-756, 2003. CD-ROM.

  1202. Stiction of surface micromachined structures: a study of the problem and the possible solutions
    T.M.H. Pham; L. Pakula; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In s.n. (Ed.), SAFE 2003 Semiconductor advances for future electronics,
    Stichting voor de Technische Wetenschappen, pp. 711-715, 2003. CD-ROM.

  1203. Development of integrated MEMS devices (invited)
    P.J. French;
    In SJ Prosser; E Lewis (Ed.), Proceedings of the twelfth conference on sensors and their applications,
    Institute of Physics, pp. 55-61, 2003.

  1204. Design of a novel electrostatic switch with low operating voltage and high speed
    H. Yang; L. Pakula; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), MME 2003 14th Micromechanics Europe workshop,
    s.n., pp. 33-36, 2003.

  1205. A CMOS compatible SiC accelerometer
    L. Pakula; H. Yang; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), IEEE Sensors 2003,
    IEEE, pp. 761-764, 2003. CD-rom.

  1206. A practical galvanic etch-stop in Koh using sodium hypochorite
    E. Connolly; S. Sakarya; P.J. French; X.H. Xia; J.J. Kelly;
    In s.n. (Ed.), MEMS 2003 IEEE 16th annual international conference on micro electro mechanical systems,
    IEEE, pp. 566-569, 2003.

  1207. IC-compatible processing of inertial sensors using SF6-O2 cryogenic plasma process
    G. Craciun; H. Yang; L. Pakula; M.A. Blauw; EW.J.M. van der Drift; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), IEEE Sensors 2003,
    IEEE, pp. 440-444, 2003. CD-rom.

  1208. Fabrication of a CMOS compatibile pressure sensor for harsh environments
    L. Pakula; H. Yang; T.M.H. Pham; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In s.n. (Ed.), MEMS 2003 IEEE 16th annual international conference on micro electro mechanical systems,
    IEEE, pp. 502-505, 2003.

  1209. A practical galvanic etch-stop in Koh using sodium hypochlorite
    E. Connolly; S. Sakarya; P.J. French; X.H. Xia; J.J. Kelly;
    In s.n. (Ed.), MEMS 2003 IEEE 16th annual international conference on micro electro mechanical systems,
    IEEE, pp. 566-569, 2003.

  1210. 3D position and orientation measurements with a magnetic sensor for use in vascular interventions
    D. Tanase; J.F.L. Goosen; P.J. Trimp; J.A. Reekers; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), IEEE EMBS-APBME 2003 IEEE EMBS Asian-Pacific conference on biomedical engineering,
    IEEE, pp. 1-2, 2003.

  1211. Polymide sacrificial layer for an all-dry post-process surface micromachining module
    T.M.H. Pham; A. Bagolini; C.R. de Boer; J.M.W. Laros; L. Pakula; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In s.n. (Ed.), TRANSDUCERS'03 Twelfth International conference on solid-state sensors, acuators and microsystems,
    IEEE, pp. 813-816, 2003.

  1212. Magnetic-based navigation system for radiation-dose reduction in endovascular interventions
    D. Tanase; J.F.L. Goosen; P.J. Trimp; J.A. Reekers; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), WC 2003 World congress on medical physics and biomedical engineering,
    World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, pp. 1-5, 2003. CD-ROM.

  1213. A novel pull-in accelerometer
    H. Yang; L. Pakula; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), EUROSENSORS 17th European conference on solid-state transducers,
    University of Minho, pp. 204-207, 2003.

  1214. Fabrication of a CMOS compatible vertical accelerometer
    L. Pakula; H. Yang; T.M.H. Pham; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), EUROSENSORS 17th European conference on solid-state transducers,
    University of Minho, pp. 635-638, 2003.

  1215. Membrane porous-SiC humidity sensor with aluminium electrodes
    E. Connolly; H.M.T. Pham; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French;
    In s.n. (Ed.), E-MRS 2003 20th Anniversary European Materials Research Society Spring meeting,
    s.n., pp. 1-2, 2003.

  1216. Relative Humidity sensors using porous SiC membranes and Al electrodes
    E.J. Connolly; H.T.M. Pham; J. Groeneweg; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French;
    In Proc. Eurosensors XVII,
    University of Minho, Guimaraes, Portugal, pp. 621-622, Sep. 24 2003. ISBN 90-73461-39-1.
    document

  1217. Comparison of porous silicon, porous polysilicon and porous silicon carbide as materials for humidity sensing applications
    E.J. Connolly; G.M. O Halloran; H.T.M. Pham; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French;
    Sensors and Actuators A,
    Volume 99, Issue 1-2, pp. 25-30, Apr. 2002.

  1218. A new model of the effect of mechanical stress on the saturation current of bipolar transistors
    J.F. Creemer; P.J. French;
    Sensors and Actuators A,
    Volume 97-98, pp. 289-295, Apr. 2002.

  1219. Polyimide sacrificial layer and novel materials for post-processing surface micromachining
    A. Bagolini; L. Pakula; T.L.M. Scholtes; H.T.M. Pham; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering,
    Volume 12, Issue 4, pp. 385-389, Jul. 2002. ISSN 0960-1317.

  1220. Temperature influence on etching deep holes with SF6/O2 cryogenic plasma
    G. Craciun; M.A. Blauw; E. van der Drift; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French;
    J. of Micromechanics Microengineering,
    Volume 12, Issue 4, pp. 390-394, Jul. 2002.

  1221. Multi-parameter sensor system with intravascular navigation for catheter/guide wire application
    D. Tanase; J.F.L. Goosen; P.J. Trimp; P.J. French;
    Sensors and Actuators A: Physical: an international journal devoted to research and development of physical and chemical transducers,
    Volume A 97-98, pp. 116-124, 2002.

  1222. Polysilicon: a versatile material for microsystems
    P.J. French;
    Sensors and Actuators A: Physical: an international journal devoted to research and development of physical and chemical transducers,
    Volume A 99, pp. 3-12, 2002.

  1223. A novel electrochemical etching technique for n-type silicon
    S. Izuo; H. Ohji; P.J. French; K. Tsutsumi;
    Sensors and Actuators A: Physical: an international journal devoted to research and development of physical and chemical transducers,
    Volume A 97-98, pp. 720-724, 2002.

  1224. Polyimide sacrificial layer and novel materials for post-processing surface micromachining
    A. Bagolini; L. Pakula; T.L.M. Scholtes; T.M.H. Pham; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering,
    Volume 12, pp. 385-389, 2002.

  1225. A new model of the effect of mechanical stress on the saturation current of bipolar transistors
    J.F. Creemer; P.J. French;
    Sensors and Actuators A: Physical: an international journal devoted to research and development of physical and chemical transducers,
    Volume A 97-98, pp. 289-295, 2002.

  1226. Comparison of porous silicon, porous polysilicon and porous silicon carbide as materials for humidity sensing applications
    E. Connolly; G.M. O'Halloran; T.M.H. Pham; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French;
    Sensors and Actuators A: Physical: an international journal devoted to research and development of physical and chemical transducers,
    Volume A 99, pp. 25-30, 2002.

  1227. Advanced time-multiplexed plasma etching of high aspect ratio silicon structures
    M.A. Blauw; G. Craciun; W.G. Sloof; P.J. French; EW.J.M. van der Drift;
    Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology. Part B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures,
    Volume 20, Issue 6, pp. 3106-3110, 2002.

  1228. Temperature influence on etching deep holes with SF6/O2 cryogenic plasma
    G. Craciun; M.A. Blauw; EW.J.M. van der Drift; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French;
    Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering,
    Volume 12, pp. 390-394, 2002.

  1229. Pillar structures with a sub-micron space fabricated by macroporous-based micromachining
    H. Ohji; S. Izuo; P.J. French; K. Tsutsumi;
    Sensors and Actuators A: Physical: an international journal devoted to research and development of physical and chemical transducers,
    Volume A 97-98, pp. 744-748, 2002.

  1230. Delft University of Technology labotory review
    P.J. French;
    Transactions of the institute of electrical engineers of Japan,
    Volume 121E, Issue 10, pp. 576-577, 2002.

  1231. High resolution magnetic force microscopy using focused ion beam modified tips
    Phillips, G. N.; Siekman, M.; Abelmann, L.; Lodder, J. C.;
    Applied Physics Letters,
    Volume 81, Issue 5, pp. 865 – 867, 2002. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1063/1.1497434
    Keywords: ... Aspect ratio; Atomic force microscopy; Cobalt; Focused ion beams; Ions; Magnetic force microscopy; Magnetism; Thermal evaporation; Ambient conditions; Atomic force microscopes; Co films; CoNi/Pt multilayer; Focused ion beam milling; High aspect ratio; High resolution; Magnetic elements; Magnetic images; Magnetic shape; Nm resolution; Magnetic anisotropy.

    Abstract: ... Atomic force microscope tips coated by the thermal evaporation of a magnetic 30 nm thick Co film have been modified by focused ion beam milling with Ga+ ions to produce tips suitable for magnetic force microscopy. Such tips possess a planar magnetic element with high magnetic shape anisotropy, an extremely high aspect ratio of greater than 30:1, and an end radius of less than 25 nm. These tips have been used in a commercial atomic force microscope under ambient conditions to obtain 30 nm resolution magnetic images of an established CoNi/Pt multilayer reference sample. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.

    document

  1232. Performance of focused ion beam trimmed yoke-type magnetoresistive heads for magnetic microscopy
    Phillips, Gavin N.; Eisenberg, Martin; Draaisma, Eddie A.; Abelmann, Leon; Lodder, J. Cock;
    IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,
    Volume 38, Issue 5 II, pp. 3528 – 3535, 2002. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/TMAG.2002.802743
    Keywords: ... Finite element method; Ion implantation; Magnetic flux; Magnetic recording; Magnetic tape; Magnetoresistance; Microscopic examination; Ion beam trimming; Magnetic microscopy; Magnetic heads.

    Abstract: ... Thin-film yoke-type magnetoresistive (MR) tape heads with eight channels have been used for scanning magnetoresistance microscopy. The NiFe read flux guides of the channels have been trimmed down from 12 μm to widths varying between 5 μm and 100 nm by focused ion-beam milling with Ga + ions. The tape-bearing surface of the milled regions has been reconstructed in situ by the local deposition of Pt. Tracks with a minimum bit length of 1 μm have been written on Co-Ni-O metal evaporated tape and Co-γ-Fe 2O 3 particulate tape with trimmed and untrimmed write channels and have been successfully imaged with all the trimmed read channels. A linear decrease in readback voltage across the MR sensor is observed for channels possessing flux guides trimmed down to 2 μm, in agreement with finite-element modeling of the trimmed heads. The severe attenuation in readback voltage observed for flux guides trimmed below 2 μm is attributed to a combination of micromagnetic effects. Additionally, damage to the NiFe from Ga + ion implantation may make a minor contribution to the loss in sensor performance. A 65% drop in readback voltage is observed for a channel possessing a flux guide that was trimmed by 98.3% to 200 nm.

    document

  1233. Micromagnetic simulations of the domain structure and the magnetization reversal of Co50Ni50/Pt multilayer dots
    Sindhu, S.; Haast, M. A. M.; Ramst{\"o}ck, K.; Abelmann, L.; Lodder, J. C.;
    Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials,
    Volume 238, Issue 2-3, pp. 246 – 251, 2002. DOI: 10.1016/S0304-8853(01)00919-2
    Keywords: ... Cobalt compounds; Computer simulation; Electron energy levels; Laser applications; Lithography; Magnetic domains; Magnetic hysteresis; Magnetic storage; Magnetization; Switching; Laser interference lithography; Magnetic dots; Multilayers.

    Abstract: ... The domain structure and the switching field of Co50Ni50/Pt multilayer dots, prepared by laser interference lithography, were micromagnetically simulated. The simulations were carried out with a three-dimensional simulation package, optimized for large-scale problems. The single-domain state is the lowest energy state for dots with a diameter below 75nm. The switching field was computed by using suitable minimization techniques, and was used to analyze the effect of size, dot shape and edge defects. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

    document

  1234. Progress report may 2002
    G. Craciun; EW.J.M. van der Drift; P.J. French;
    STW, Volume STW Project DEL 4577 , 2002.

  1235. Monthly report 12.3
    P.J. French;
    s.n., Volume Report 12.3 dec. 2002 , 2002.

  1236. Integrated Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor
    D.W. de Lima Monteiro; G.V. Vdovin; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French;
    Delft University of Technology, Faculty ITS, , 2002.

  1237. The CantiClever: A dedicated probe for magnetic force microscopy
    Van Den Bos, A. G.; Heskamp, I. R.; Siekman, M. H.; Abelmann, L.; Lodder, J. C.;
    conference, 2002. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/INTMAG.2002.1000809
    Keywords: ... Atomic force microscopy; Magnetic materials; Nanocantilevers; Probes; Silicon nitride; Batch fabrication; Higher resolution; Imaging process; Magnetic coatings; Magnetic recording systems; Manufacturing process; Measurement tools; Silicon micromachining; Magnetism.

    Abstract: ... With the current rate of increase in areal density of magnetic recording systems, todays resolution of MFM needs to be improved in order to remain useful as a measurement tool. The resolution of MFM is amongst others determined by the geometry of the magnetic tip, which for commercial probes consists of a thin magnetic coating deposited on a pyramidal Si AFM tip. Analysis of the imaging process shows that the shape of these tips is not ideal. For higher resolution, the tip must be shaped as an elongated bar with a flat front end. In this contribution we present a completely new MFM cantilever, the CantiClever, which is not derived from traditional AFM probes but optimized for MFM. Our design incorporates the cantilever and the magnetic tip in a single manufacturing process with the use of silicon micromachining techniques, allowing for batch fabrication of the probes. We realise the ideal tip shape by deposition of the magnetic material (Co) on the side of a free hanging silicon nitride layer. ©2002 IEEE.

    document

  1238. Large capacity probe recording using storage robots (StoBots)
    Abelmann, Leon; Bolhuis, Thijs; Lodder, Cock;
    conference, 2002. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/INTMAG.2002.1000887
    Keywords: ... Data transfer; Hard disk storage; Probes; Data density; Data storage; Hard Disk Drive; High capacity; Probe recording; Storage area; Total performance; Underlying cause; Digital storage.

    Abstract: ... The progress in data-rate and access time of the hard disk drive has not kept pace with the tremendous increase in data density. This has a deteriorating effect on the total performance of desktop computer systems. The underlying cause of this problem is that only a few heads are responsible for all data transfer. It would be better if the number of heads scales proportionally with the capacity. Probe recording systems, which use thousands of heads in parallel, might offer a solution. The disadvantage of the probe array architectures that have been suggested up to now, is that the total storage area, and therefore the capacity, is low. For areas of several tens of cm2, the probe array would be difficult to realize and too expensive. In order to reach high capacity, we suggest to break up the array into smaller subarrays of about 10 probes each, and distribute them over a large area (a tile). This requires that the sub-arrays have actuators with which they can move over the medium surface, like miniature data storage robots, or StoBots, with dimensions of a few 100 μm. ©2002 IEEE.

    document

  1239. High resolution magnetic force microscopy using focussed ion beam modified tips
    Phillips, Gavin N.; Siekman, Martin; Abelmann, Leon; Lodder, Cock;
    conference, 2002. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/INTMAG.2002.1000808
    Keywords: ... Cobalt; Magnetic force microscopy; Magnetism; Focused ion beam milling; Focussed ion beams; High resolution; Higher resolution; Magnetic elements; Magnetic force microscopies (MFM); Magnetic media; Magnetic stray fields; Ion beams.

    Abstract: ... Magnetic force microscopy (MFM) is well established for imaging surface magnetic stray fields. With commercial microscopes and magnetic tips, images with 50 nm resolution are quite routine; however, obtaining higher resolutions is experimentally more demanding. Higher resolution is required for imaging patterned magnetic elements and the latest magnetic media where bit lengths are less than 40 nm. Sub-30 nm resolution images of a 20 bilayer Co50Ni50/Pt thin film have been obtained using Si tips coated with Co and modified by focused ion beam (FIB) milling. Imaging was performed at room temperature, in air, with a Digital Instruments D13100 MFM in tapping/lift mode. ©2002 IEEE.

    document

  1240. Trade-offs in low-noise design (Chapter 27)
    M.H.L. Kouwenhoven; A. van Staveren; W.A. Serdijn; C.J.M. Verhoeven;
    In Trade-Offs in Analog Circuit Design,
    Kluwer Academic Publishers, Nov. 2002.

  1241. Trade-offs in frequency compensation (Chapter 10)
    A. van Staveren; M.H.L. Kouwenhoven; W.A. Serdijn; C.J.M. Verhoeven;
    In Trade-Offs in Analog Circuit Design,
    Kluwer Academic Publishers, Nov. 2002.

  1242. Trade-offs in bandgap reference design (Chapter 6)
    A. van Staveren; M.H.L. Kouwenhoven; W.A. Serdijn; C.J.M. Verhoeven;
    In Trade-Offs in Analog Circuit Design,
    Kluwer Academic Publishers, Nov. 2002.

  1243. A low-voltage low-power fast-settling operational amplifier for use in high-speed high-resolution pipelined A/D converters
    R. Lotfi; Shoaei, O.;
    In Proceedings - IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    pp. II/416-II/419, 2002.

  1244. On the performance of quantized OFDM systems
    M. Ditzel; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. MMSA,
    Delft, the Netherlands, Dec. 6 2002.

  1245. Resonant Inductive Degeneration of Tail-Current Source in Voltage-Controlled Oscillators
    A. Tasic; W.A. Serdijn; J.R. Long;
    In Proc. MMSA,
    Delft, the Netherlands, Dec. 6 2002.

  1246. Noise-Figure Adaptation of Low-Noise Amplifiers
    A. Tasic; W.A. Serdijn; J.R. Long;
    In Proc. MMSA,
    Delft, the Netherlands, Dec. 6 2002.

  1247. C-GM Tuning for Constant Loop-Gain of Voltage-Controlled Oscillators
    A. Tasic; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. XXXVII International Scientific Conference on Information, Communication and Energy Systems and Technologies (ICEST),
    Nis, Yugoslavia, Oct. 2-4 2002.

  1248. K-rail diagrams -- comprehensive tool for full performance characterization of voltage-controlled oscillators
    A. Tasic; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems (ICECS),
    IEEE, 2002.
    document

  1249. Concept of quasi-capacitive tapping of bipolar voltage-controlled oscillators
    A. Tasic; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems (ICECS),
    IEEE, 2002.
    document

  1250. Tranformer-Feedback Degenerated Low-Noise Amplifiers
    A. Tasic; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. ProRISC Workshop on Circuits, Systems and Signal processing,
    Veldhoven, the Netherlands, Nov. 28-29 2002.

  1251. High-Frequency Matching of Low-Noise Amplifiers
    A. Tasic; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. ProRISC Workshop on Circuits, Systems and Signal processing,
    Veldhoven, the Netherlands, Nov. 28-29 2002.

  1252. Towards Ubiquitous Computing and Communications
    R.L. Lagendijk; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Book of Abstracts: ProRISC Workshop on Circuits, Systems and Signal processing,
    Veldhoven, the Netherlands, Nov. 28-29 2002. invited presentation.

  1253. K-rail diagrams -- comprehensive tool for full performance characterization of voltage-controlled oscillators
    A. Tasic; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. ProRISC Workshop on Circuits, Systems and Signal processing,
    Veldhoven, the Netherlands, Nov. 28-29 2002.

  1254. A switched-MOSFET programmable low-voltage filter
    L.C.C. Marques; W.A. Serdijn; C. Galup-Montoro; M. C. Schneider;
    In Proc. SBCCI,
    Brazil, Sept. 9-14 2002. SBCCI 2002 Outstanding Paper Award.
    document

  1255. First derivative Gaussian Wavelet function employing Dynamic Translinear Circuits for Cardiac Signal Characterization
    S.A.P. Haddad; R.P.M. Houben; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. ProRISC Workshop on Circuits, Systems and Signal processing,
    Veldhoven, the Netherlands, Nov. 28-29 2002.

  1256. Concept of frequency-transconductance tuning of bipolar voltage controlled oscillators
    A. Tasic; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    Phoenix, AZ, USA, IEEE, May 26-29 2002. ISBN: 0-7803-7449-5.
    document

  1257. Effects of substrate on phase-noise of bipolar voltage controlled oscillators
    A. Tasic; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    Phoenix, AZ, USA, IEEE, May 26-29 2002. ISBN: 0-7803-7449-5.

  1258. Concept of phase-noise tuning of bipolar voltage controlled oscillators
    A. Tasic; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    Phoenix, AZ, USA, IEEE, May 26-29 2002. ISBN: 0-7803-7449-5.
    document

  1259. Concept of spectrum-signal transformation
    A. Tasic; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    Phoenix, AZ, USA, IEEE, May 26-29 2002. ISBN: 0-7803-7449-5.
    document

  1260. Mapping the wavelet transform onto silicon: the dynamic translinear approach
    S.A.P. Haddad; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    Phoenix, AZ, USA, IEEE, May 26-29 2002. ISBN: 0-7803-7449-5.
    document

  1261. High-frequency dynamic translinear and log-domain circuits in CMOS technology
    S.A.P. Haddad; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    Phoenix, AZ, USA, IEEE, May 26-29 2002. ISBN: 0-7803-7449-5.
    document

  1262. Pressure Sensor for Automotive Applications
    L.S. Pakula; H. Yang; H.T.M. Pham; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In Proc. SeSens 2002,
    Veldhoven, The Netherlands, STW, pp. 649-652, Nov. 2002. ISBN 90-73461-33-2.

  1263. Single Step Cryogenic SF6/O2 Plasma Etching Process for the Development of Inertial Devices
    G. Craciun; H. Yang; H.W. van Zeijl; L. Pakula; M.A. Blauw; E. van der Drift; P.J. French;
    In Proc. SeSens 2002,
    Veldhoven, The Netherlands, STW, pp. 612-615, Nov. 2002. ISBN 90-73461-33-2.

  1264. Relative Humidity Sensors based on Porous Polysilicon and Porous Silicon Carbide
    E.J. Connolly; H.T.M. Pham; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French;
    In Proc. SeSens 2002,
    Veldhoven, The Netherlands, STW, pp. 603-607, Nov. 2002. ISBN 90-73461-33-2.

  1265. Pressure Sensor for Harsh Environments
    L.S. Pakula; H .Yang; H.T.M. Pham; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In Proc. MME 2002,
    Sinaia, Romania, pp. 295-298, Oct. 2002. ISBN 973-0-02472-3.

  1266. Relative-Humidity Sensors Based on Porous Polysilicon and Porous Silicon Carbide
    E.J. Connolly; H.T.M. Pham; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French;
    In IEEE Sensors 2002,
    Hyatt Orlando, Orlando, Florida, USA, pp. 12.4/1-12.4/4, Jun. 2002. ISBN 0-7803-7455-X.

  1267. Radiation dose reduction in minimally-invasive intravascular procedures using a magnetic guidance system
    D. Tanase; N.H. Bakker; D. van Loon; J.F.L. Goosen; P.J. Trimp; J.A. Reekers; P.J. French;
    In Second annual international IEEE-EMBS special topic conference of microtechnologies in medicine and biology,
    IEEE, pp. 305-308, 2002. CD-Rom.

  1268. A surface micromachined accelerometer working in the pull-in operation mode
    H. Yang; L. Pakula; P.J. French;
    In Proceedings SeSens 2002,
    STW Stichting voor de Technische Wetenschappen, pp. 700-703, 2002.

  1269. Anisotropy of the piezojunction effect in silicon transistors
    J.F. Creemer; P.J. French;
    In Technical digest: MEMS 2002 IEEE international conference Las Vegas,
    IEEE, pp. 316-319, 2002.

  1270. A novel operation mode for accelerometers
    H. Yang; L. Pakula; P.J. French;
    In Xiamen University Press, pp. 303-306, 2002.

  1271. MEMS technologies in Delft
    P.J. French;
    In WH Ko; W-X Gao (Ed.), Xiamen University Press, pp. 5-10, 2002.

  1272. Single step cryogenic SF6/O2 plasma etching process for the development of inertial devices
    G. Craciun; H. Yang; H.W. van Zeijl; L. Pakula; M.A. Blauw; EW.J.M. van der Drift; P.J. French;
    In Proceedings of SeSens 2002,
    STW Stichting voor de Technische Wetenschappen, pp. 612-614, 2002.

  1273. Relative humidity sensors based on porous polysilicon and porous silicon carbide
    E. Connolly; P.J. French; T.M.H. Pham; P.M. Sarro;
    In Proceedings of SeSens 2002,
    STW Stichting voor de Technische Wetenschappen, pp. 603-607, 2002.

  1274. Pressure sensor for automotive applications
    L. Pakula; H. Yang; T.M.H. Pham; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In Proceedings of SenSens 2002,
    STW Stichting voor de Technische Wetenschappen, pp. 649-652, 2002.

  1275. Single step cryogenic SF6/O2 plasma etching process for the development of a novel quad gyroscope
    G. Craciun; H. Yang; M.A. Blauw; EW.J.M. van der Drift; P.J. French;
    In MME'02 micromechanics Europe,
    Nat. Inst. for Res. and Development in Microtechnologies, pp. 55-58, 2002.

  1276. 12.4: Relative humidity sensors based on porous polysilicon and porous silicon carbide
    E. Connolly; P.J. French; T.M.H. Pham; P.M. Sarro;
    In Proceedings of IEEE sensors 2002: first IEEE international conference on sensors,
    IEEE, pp. 499-502, 2002.

  1277. Pressure sensor for harsh environments
    L. Pakula; H. Yang; T.M.H. Pham; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In MME'02 micromechanics Europe,
    Nat. Inst. for Res. and Development in Microtechnoplogies, pp. 295-298, 2002.

  1278. Galvanic etch stop in KOH with reduced au area using NaOCI
    E. Connolly; P.J. French; X.H. Xia; J.J. Kelly;
    In Eurosensors 2002,
    Czech Technical University, pp. 443-446, 2002.

  1279. Navigation system for endovascular interventions
    D. Tanase; D. van Loon; J.F.L. Goosen; J.A. Reekers; P.J. Trimp; P.J. French;
    In Eurosensors 2002,
    Czech Technical University, pp. 529-532, 2002.

  1280. Electromagnetic navigation system for guide wires and/or catheters
    D. Tanase; D. van Loon; J.F.L. Goosen; P.J. Trimp; J.A. Reekers; P.J. French;
    In I Margineanu; A Nicolaide; M Cernat (Ed.), 8th international conference on optimization of electrical and electronic equipments - OPTIM 2002,
    Transilvania University Press, pp. 725-728, 2002.

  1281. Systematic Approach for Designing an Ultra Low Noise Amplifier
    Kaichouhi, Ali; Klunder, Roelof; van Hartingsveldt, Koen; Hoekstra, Jaap;
    In Book of abstracts, ProRISC 2002,
    Technology Foundation, STW, pp. 85, November 2002.
    document

  1282. Effect of smooth nonlinear distortion on OFDM symbol error rate
    C. van den Bos; M.H.L. Kouwenhoven; W.A. Serdijn;
    IEEE Transactions on Communications,
    Volume 49, Issue 9, pp. 1510-1514, Sept. 2001.
    document

  1283. A generalised class of dynamic translinear circuits
    J. Mulder; W.A. Serdijn; A.C. van der Woerd; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems-II,
    Volume 48, Issue 5, pp. 501-504, May 2001.
    document

  1284. Dynamic behavior of dynamic translinear circuits: the linear time-varying approximation
    F.M. Diepstraten; F.C.M. Kuijstermans; W.A. Serdijn; P. van der Kloet; A. van Staveren; F.L. Neerhoff; C.J.M. Verhoeven; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems-I,
    Volume 48, Issue 11, pp. 1333-1337, Nov. 2001.
    document

  1285. The piezojunction effect in silicon sensors and circuits and its relation to piezoresistance
    J.F. Creemer; F. Fruett; G.C.M. Meijer; P.J. French;
    IEEE Sensors Journal,
    Volume 1, pp. 98-108, 2001.

  1286. The piezojunction effect in silicon sensors and circuits and its relation to piezoresistance
    J.F. Creemer; F. Fruett; G.C.M. Meijer; P.J. French;
    IEEE Sensors Journal,
    Volume 1, Issue 2, pp. 98-108, 2001.

  1287. Integration of silicon MEMS devices: materials and processing considerations
    P.J. French;
    Smart Materials Bulletin,
    pp. 7-13, 2001.

  1288. Macroporous-based micromachining on full wafers
    H. Ohji; S. Izuo; P.J. French; K. Tsutsumi;
    Sensors and Actuators A: Physical: an international journal devoted to research and development of physical and chemical transducers,
    Volume 92, pp. 384-387, 2001.

  1289. Etching and passivation of silicon in alkaline solution: a coupled chemical/electrochemical system
    X.H. Xia; C.M.A. Ashruf; P.J. French; J. Rappich; J.J. Kelly;
    The Journal of Physical Chemistry Part B (Biophysical Chemistry, Biomaterials, Liquids, and Soft Matter),
    Volume 105, pp. 5722-5729, 2001.

  1290. Galvanic cell formation: a review of approaches to silicon etching for sensor fabrication
    J.J. Kelly; X.H. Xia; C.M.A. Ashruf; P.J. French;
    IEEE Sensors Journal,
    Volume 1, Issue 2, pp. 127-142, 2001.

  1291. Scanning magneto-resistance microscopy with FIB trimmed yoke-type magneto-resistive tape heads
    Phillips, G. N.; Eisenberg, M.; Persat, N.; Draaisma, E. A.; Abelmann, L.; Lodder, J. C.;
    Sensors and Actuators, A: Physical,
    Volume 91, Issue 1-2, pp. 34 – 38, 2001. DOI: 10.1016/S0924-4247(01)00476-9
    Keywords: ... Computer simulation; Finite element method; Gallium; Ion beams; Magnetic recording; Magnetic tape; Magnetoresistance; Microscopic examination; Milling (machining); Probes; Focused ion beam milling; Magnetic recording heads; Magnetoresistive heads; Read back voltage; Read flux guides; Scanning magnetoresistance microscopy; Voltage drop; Magnetic heads.

    Abstract: ... Scanning magneto-resistance microscopy has been performed with thin film yoke-type magneto-resistive tape heads possessing eight channels. The read flux guides of these channels have been trimmed down from 24 μm to widths varying between 5.5 μm and 148 nm by focused ion beam milling with Ga+ ions. Tracks written on ME tape with an untrimmed write channel have been successfully imaged with all the trimmed channels. A significant attenuation (>5%) of read-back voltage across the MR sensor is only observed for channels possessing flux guides trimmed by 77% to 5.5 μm. A 52% (∼6 dB) drop in read-back voltage is observed for a channel possessing a flux guide trimmed by 99.4% to 148 nm.

    document

  1292. Report for Nissan Motor Company Japan
    P.J. French;
    s.n., , 2001. 11.2.

  1293. Progress report for the fifth user's committee meeting of STW project DEL.3908
    J.F. Creemer; P.J. French;
    s.n., , 2001. DEL.3908.

  1294. Development of deep dry etching for intelligent mocromachine devices.
    M.A. Blauw; M.F. Craciun; EW.J.M. van der Drift; P.J. French;
    TU Delft, , 2001. Confidenial.

  1295. Report for Nissan Motor Company Japan
    P.J. French;
    s.n., , 2001. 11.1.

  1296. Development of deep dry etching for intelligent mocromachine devices.
    M.A. Blauw; M.F. Craciun; EW.J.M. van der Drift; P.J. French;
    TU Delft, , 2001. Confidenial.

  1297. Report for Nissan Motor Company Japan
    P.J. French;
    s.n., , 2001. 10.4.

  1298. Low-voltage ultra-low-power analog IC design ? switched-MOSFET technique
    L.C. Marques; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Tutorial Book: Tutorial on Biomedical Electronics, IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems month = May 6,
    IEEE, 2001. ISBN: 0-7803-7113-5.
    document

  1299. Low-voltage ultra-low-power analog IC design ? dynamic translinear circuits
    W.A. Serdijn;
    In Tutorial Book: Tutorial on Biomedical Electronics, IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems month = May 6,
    IEEE, 2001. ISBN: 0-7803-7113-5.
    document

  1300. Low-voltage ultra-low-power analog IC design principles
    W.A. Serdijn;
    In Tutorial Book: Tutorial on Biomedical Electronics, IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    IEEE, May 6 2001. ISBN: 0-7803-7113-5.
    document

  1301. An all-encompassing spectral analysis method for RF front-ends
    A. Tasic; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. International Conference on Telecommunications in Modern Satellite, Cable and Broadcasting Services (TELSIKS),
    Nis, Yugoslavia, pp. 591-594, Sept. 19-21 2001.
    document

  1302. Optimal energy assignment for frequency selective fading channels
    M. Ditzel; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. PIMRC,
    San Diego, CA, USA, IEEE, pp. 104-1008, Sept. 30-Oct. 3 2001.
    document

  1303. Maximum-performance bipolar voltage-controlled oscillators
    A. Tasic; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. ProRISC Workshop on Circuits, Systems and Signal processing,
    pp. 667-672, Nov. 29-30 2001.

  1304. Artificial dendritic compartment using translinear circuits
    A. Blanchemain; E. Rouw; W. Serdijn;
    In Proc. ProRISC Workshop on Circuits, Systems and Signal processing,
    Veldhoven, the Netherlands, pp. 295-299, Nov. 29-30 2001.

  1305. Comprehensive spectral analysis method for RF front-ends
    A. Tasic; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. ProRISC Workshop on Circuits, Systems and Signal processing,
    Veldhoven, the Netherlands, pp. 662-666, Nov. 29-30 2001.

  1306. Wavelet transform with dynamic translinear circuits for cardiac signal characterization in pacemakers
    S.A.P. Haddad; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. ProRISC Workshop on Circuits, Systems and Signal processing,
    Veldhoven, the Netherlands, pp. 396-400, Nov. 29-30 2001.

  1307. Low-power adaptive bipolar low noise amplifier
    S.A.P. Haddad; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. ProRISC Workshop on Circuits, Systems and Signal processing,
    Veldhoven, the Netherlands, pp. 390-395, Nov. 29-30 2001.
    document

  1308. High-frequency log-domain and dynamic translinear circuits in CMOS technology
    S.A.P. Haddad; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. ProRISC Workshop on Circuits, Systems and Signal processing,
    Veldhoven, the Netherlands, pp. 386-389, Nov. 29-30 2001.

  1309. Low-Power adaptive bipolar low noise amplifier
    S.A.P. Haddad; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. XV! SBMICRO,
    Pirenopolis, Brazil, pp. 87-92, Sept. 10-14 2001.

  1310. Advances in low-voltage ultra-low-power analog circuit design
    W.A. Serdijn; J. Mulder; D. Rocha; L.C.C. Marques;
    In Proc. International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems,
    Valletta, Malta, IEEE, pp. 1533-1536, Sept. 2-5 2001.
    document

  1311. Mapping Polynomial Differential Equations onto Silicon: the Dynamic Translinear Approach
    W.A. Serdijn; J. Mulder;
    In Proc. NDES,
    Delft, the Netherlands, pp. 45-48, June 21-23 2001.
    document

  1312. CO2 blood sensor for catheter applications
    V. Trogrlic; J.F.L. Goosen; P.J. Trimp; P.J. French;
    In SAFE - ProRISC - SeSens 2001: proceeding. Semicoductor Advances for Future Electronics - Program for Research on Integrated Systems and Circuits - Semiconductor Sensor and Actuator Technology,
    STW Technology Foundation, pp. 884-887, 2001.

  1313. Electrochemical etching for n-type silicon using a novel etchant
    S. Izuo; H. Ohji; P.J. French; K. Tsutsumi;
    In {E Obermeier} (Ed.), Springer, pp. 1-4, 2001.

  1314. Pillar structures with the space of sub-microns fabricated by the macroporous based micromachining
    H. Ohji; S. Izuo; P.J. French; K. Tsutsumi;
    In {E Obermeier} (Ed.), Springer, pp. 1-4, 2001.

  1315. Multi-parameter catheter sensor system with intravascular navigation
    D. Tanase; J.F.L. Goosen; P.J. Trimp; P.J. French;
    In {E Obermeier} (Ed.), Transducers'01: technical papers.Vol. 2,
    Springer, pp. 1658-1661, 2001.

  1316. An analytical model of the piezojunction effect for arbitrary stress and current orientations
    J.F. Creemer; P.J. French;
    In {E Obermeier} (Ed.), Transducers '01: technical papers - Vol 1,
    Springer, pp. 256-259, 2001.

  1317. Aspect ratio and crystallographic orientation dependence in deep dry silicon etching at cryogenic temperatures
    G. Cracium; M.A. Blauw; EW.J.M. van der Drift; P.J. French;
    In Transducers '01: technical papers. Vol 1,
    Springer, pp. 612-615, 2001.

  1318. Smart sensor interface for a 3D hall sensor
    D. van Loon; D. Tanase; M.F. Snoeij; P.J. French; P.J. Trimp;
    In SAFE-ProRISC-SeSens 2001: proceedings. Semiconductor Advances for Future Eelctronics - Program for Research on Integrated Systems and Circuits - Semiconductor Sensor and Actuator Technology,
    STW Technology Foundation, pp. 825-829, 2001.

  1319. Fabrication of a DNA separation chip using macroporous silicon micromachining
    H. Ohji; S. Izuo; P.J. French; K. Tsutsumi;
    In SAFE - ProRISC - SeSens 2001: proceedings. Semiconductor Advances for Future Electronics - Program for Research on Integrated Systems and Circuits - Semiconductor Sensor and Actuator Technology,
    STW Technology Foundation, pp. 843-847, 2001.

  1320. High aspect ratio cryogenic etching of silicon with SF6/O2 plasma
    G. Cracium; M.A. Blauw; EW.J.M. van der Drift; P.J. French;
    In SAFE - ProRISC - SeSens 2001: proceedings. Semiconductor Advances for Future Electronics - Program for Research on Integrated Systems and Circuits - Semiconductor Sensor and Actuator Technology,
    STW Technology Foundation, pp. 783-786, 2001.

  1321. Magnetic sensor for use on guide wires or catheters
    D. Tanase; J.F.L. Goosen; J.A. Reekers; P.J. French;
    In SAFE - ProRISC - SeSens 2001: proceedings. Semiconductor Advances for Future Electronics - Program for Research on Integrated Systems and Circuits - Semicinductor Sensor and Actuator Technology,
    STW Technology Foundation, pp. 868-872, 2001.

  1322. New post-processing modules
    L. Pakula; H.M.T. Pham; C.R. de Boer; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French;
    In SAFE - ProRISC - SeSens 2001: proceeding. Semicoductor Advances for Future Electronics - Program for Research on Integrated Systems and Circuits - Semiconductor Sensor and Actuator Technology,
    STW Technology Foundation, pp. 848-851, 2001.

  1323. Investigation of the influence of measurement frequency on the response of humidity sensors based on porous si, porous polysilicon and porous sic
    E. Connolly; G.M.O. O. Halloran; H.M.T. Pham; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French;
    In SAFE - ProRISC - SeSens 2001, proceedings. Semiconductor Advances for Future Electronics - Program for Research on Integrated Systems and Circuits - Semiconductors Sensor and Actuator Technology,
    STW Technology Foundation, pp. 773-776, 2001.

  1324. Limitations and complementary value of cryogenic SF6-O2 and Bosch plasma etch process for silicon micromachining.
    M.A. Blauw; G. Craciun; EW.J.M. van der Drift; P.J. French;
    In M Elwenspoek (Ed.), Proceedings of the National Dutch Sensor Symposium.,
    pp. 89-94, 2001.

  1325. Aspect ratio and crystallographic orientation dependence in deep dry silicon etching at cryogenic temperatures.
    G. Craciun; M.A. Blauw; EW.J.M. van der Drift; P.J. French;
    In E Obermeier (Ed.), Proceedings of the Transducers '01 - Eurosensors XV.,
    pp. 612-615, 2001.

  1326. High aspect ratio cyrogenic etching of Silicon with SF6/O2 plasma.
    G. Craciun; M.A. Blauw; EW.J.M. van der Drift; P.J. French;
    In STW Technologiestichting (Ed.), Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Semiconductors Sensor and Actuator Technology (SESENS).,
    pp. 783-786, 2001.

  1327. Temperature influence on etching deep holes with SF6/O2 cryogenic plasma.
    G. Craciun; M.A. Blauw; EW.J.M. van der Drift; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French;
    In M Hill (Ed.), Proceedings of the 12th Micromechanics Europe Workshop MME.,
    pp. 62-65, 2001.

  1328. Damping caused by the gas flow in the holes of perforated structures
    H. Yang; M. Bao; L. Pakula; P.J. French;
    In {PD Franzon} (Ed.), Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 4593,
    SPIE Press, pp. 307-313, 2001.

  1329. Fabrication of mechanical structures using macro-porous silicon
    H. Ohji; S. Izuo; P.J. French; K. Tsutsumi;
    In {J-C Chiao} (Ed.), Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 4592,
    SPIE Press, pp. 96-103, 2001.

  1330. Investigation of relative humidity sensors based on porous silicon, porous polysilicon and porous silicon carbide
    E. Connolly; G.M.O. O. Halloran; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French;
    In {M Elwenspoek} (Ed.), Proceedings,
    Kluwer, pp. 83-88, 2001.

  1331. Fabrication of mechanical structures using macro-porous silicon
    H. Ohji; P.J. French; S. Izuo; K. Tsutsumi;
    In {M Elwenspoek} (Ed.), Proceedings,
    Kluwer, pp. 95-100, 2001.

  1332. Limitations and complementary value of cryogenic SF6-O2 and Bosch plasma etch process for silicon micromachining
    M.A. Blauw; G. Cracium; P.J. French;
    In Proceedings,
    Kluwer, pp. 89-94, 2001.

  1333. Novel material for low temperature post-processing micromachining
    L. Pakula; H.M.T. Pham; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French;
    In MME 2001: workshop,
    s.n., pp. 70-73, 2001.

  1334. Temperature influence on etching deep holes with SF6/O2 cryogenic plasma
    G. Cracium; M.A. Blauw; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French;
    In MMe 2001:workshop,
    s.n., pp. 62-65, 2001.

  1335. Effects of gas flow in holes on the squeeze film damping of perforated structures
    H. Yang; L. Pakula; M. Bao; P.J. French;
    In SAFE - ProRISC - SeSens 2001: proceedings. Semiconductor Advances for Future Electronics - Program for Research on Integrated Systems and Circuits - Semiconductor Sensor and Actuator Technology,
    STW Technology Foundation, pp. 888-891, 2001.

  1336. A new current-mode synthesis method for dynamic translinear filters and its applications in hearing instruments
    D. Masmoudi; W. Serdijn; J. Mulder; A v.d. Woerd; J. Tomas; J.P. Dom;
    Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing,
    Volume 22, pp. 221-229, March 2000.
    document

  1337. Dynamic translinear circuits ? an overview
    J. Mulder; W.A. Serdijn; A.C. van der Woerd; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing,
    Volume 22, pp. 111-126, March 2000.
    document

  1338. Special issue on dynamic translinear circuits
    W.A. Serdijn; J. Mulder (guest editors);
    Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing,
    Volume 22, March 2000. ISSN: 0925-1030.
    document

  1339. The piezojunction effect in bipolar transistors at moderate stress levels: a theoretical and experimental study
    J.F. Creemer; P.J. French;
    Sensors and Actuators A,
    Volume 82, Issue 1-3, pp. 181-185, May 2000.

  1340. Galvanic etching for sensor fabrication
    Ashruf C.M.A.; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro; R. Kazinczi; X.H. Xia; J.J. Kelly;
    Journal of micromechanics and microengineering,
    Volume 10, pp. 505-515, 2000. ISSN 0960-1317.

  1341. The Piezojunction effect in bipolar transistors at moderate stress levels: a theoretical and experimental study
    J.F. Creemer; P.J. French;
    Sensors and Actuators A: Physical: an international journal devoted to research and development of physical and chemical transducers,
    Volume 82, pp. 181-185, 2000.

  1342. Galvanic cell formation in silicon/metal contacts: the effect on silicon surface morphology
    X.H. Xia; C.M.A. Ashruf; P.J. French; J.J. Kelly;
    Chemistry of Materials,
    Volume 12, pp. 1671-1678, 2000.

  1343. Initial pits for electrochemical etching in hydrofluoric acid
    H. Ohji; P.J. French; S. Izuo; K. Tsutsumi;
    Sensors and Actuators A: Physical: an international journal devoted to research and development of physical and chemical transducers,
    Volume 85, pp. 390-394, 2000.

  1344. Fabrication of a beam-mass structure using single-step electochemical etching for micro structures (SEEMS)
    H. Ohji; P.T.J. Gennissen; P.J. French; K. Tsutsumi;
    Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering,
    Volume 10, Issue 3, pp. 440-444, 2000.

  1345. Galvanic etching for sensor fabrication
    C.M.A. Ashruf; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro; R. Kazinczi; X.H. Xia; J.J. Kelly;
    Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering,
    Volume 10, pp. 505-515, 2000.

  1346. Fabrication of mechanical structures in p-type silicon using electrochemical etching
    H. Ohji; P.J. French; K. Tsutsumi;
    Sensors and Actuators A: Physical: an international journal devoted to research and development of physical and chemical transducers,
    Volume 82, pp. 254-258, 2000.

  1347. Single-chip computers with microelectromechanical systems-based magnetic memory (invited)
    Carley, L. Richard; Bain, James A.; Fedder, Gary K.; Greve, David W.; Guillou, David F.; Lu, Michael S. C.; Mukherjee, Tamal; Santhanam, Suresh; Abelmann, Leon; Min, Seungook;
    Journal of Applied Physics,
    Volume 87, Issue 9 III, pp. 6680 – 6685, 2000. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1063/1.372807
    Abstract: ... This article describes an approach for implementing a complete computer system (CPU, RAM, I/O, and nonvolatile mass memory) on a single integrated-circuit substrate (a chip) - hence, the name "single-chip computer." The approach presented combines advances in the field of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and micromagnetics with traditional low-cost very-large-scale integrated circuit style parallel lithographic manufacturing. The primary barrier to the creation of a computer on a chip is the incorporation of a high-capacity [many gigabytes (GB)] re-writable nonvolatile memory (in today's terminology, a disk drive) into an integrated circuit (IC) manufacturing process. This article presents the following design example: a MEMS-based magnetic memory that can store over 2 GB of data in 2 cm2 of die area and whose fabrication is compatible with a standard IC manufacturing process. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.

    document

  1348. Micromagnetics of a soft underlayer
    Litvinov, Dmitri; Chomko, Roman M.; Abelmann, Leon; Ramst{\"o}ck, Klaus; Chen, GaLane; Khizroev, Sakhrat;
    IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,
    Volume 36, Issue 5 I, pp. 2483 – 2485, 2000. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/20.908481
    Keywords: ... Cobalt alloys; Magnetic flux; Magnetic permeability; Magnetic thin films; Soft underlayers; Soft magnetic materials.

    Abstract: ... The micromagnetic properties of a soft underlayer in perpendicular media are studied. It is shown that stray fields from a recording layer can substantially modify magnetic properties of soft underlayer material. The degree of modification is determined by the characteristic bit size in the recording layer and by the soft underlayer material magnetic characteristics. It is found that there exists a thin layer within a soft underlayer with reduced permeability. The effects of the presence of such a reduced permeability region within a soft underlayer on both reading and writing processes are discussed.

    document

  1349. Micromagnetic simulation of an ultrasmall single-pole perpendicular write head
    Abelmann, Leon; Khizroev, Sakhrat K.; Litvinov, Dmitri; Zhu, Jian-Gang; Bain, James A.; Kryder, Mark H.; Ramst{\"o}ck, Klaus; Lodder, Cock;
    Journal of Applied Physics,
    Volume 87, Issue 9 III, pp. 6636 – 6638, 2000. DOI: 10.1063/1.372795
    Abstract: ... In single-pole heads with a pole tip cross section trimmed down to 100X200 nm by focused ion beam, the remanence of the head becomes nonzero if the pole length is too high. Large-scale three-dimensional micromagnetic simulations are performed to understand this effect, and to calculate the critical length of the pole as a function of the pole tip cross section. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.

    document

  1350. Micromagnetic simulation of a flux guide for a read head with sub-100 nm resolution
    Abelmann, Leon; Zhu, Jian-Gang; Bain, James A.; Ramst{\"o}ck, Klaus; Lodder, Cock;
    Journal of Applied Physics,
    Volume 87, Issue 9 II, pp. 5538 – 5540, 2000. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1063/1.373397
    Abstract: ... Large scale 3D micromagnetic simulations are performed on single pole read heads with pole tip cross sections of 45×45 and 100×200 nm. It is shown that tips with these dimensions have a much higher output than predicted by an analytical theory using the reciprocity theorem. The larger of these tips still behaves in a relatively soft manner and has an output waveform shape very close to the one predicted by the analytical model. The response of the small tip however is hysteretic. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.

    document

  1351. Micromagnetics of a soft underlayer
    Litvinov, D.; Chomko, R. M.; Abelmann, L.; Ramst{\"o}ck, K.; Khizroev, S.;
    Digests of the Intermag Conference,
    pp. BB – 2, 2000. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/INTMAG.2000.871878
    Abstract: ... Micromagnetic simulations and experimental studies were made to account for the physics of a soft underlayer. The existence of a reduced permeability region was observed. Results of the study suggest a set of criteria for a proper choice of the materials parameters, such as anisotropy, exchange length, and saturation magnetization to minimize the effect.

    document

  1352. Research perspectives on dynamic translinear and log-domain circuits
    W.A. Serdijn; Jan Mulder (editors);
    Boston, USA: Kluwer Academic Publishers, , March 2000. 144p.; reprinted from Analog integrated circuits and signal processing, 22:2-3, ISBN 0-7923-7811-3.

  1353. Eind rapportage samenwerking EWR en TU-Delft
    P.J. French; P.J. Trimp; W.M. Oppedijk Van Veen; J.P.L. Schoormans; M. Pennings;
    Faculty of Information Technology and Systems, TU Delft, , 2000.

  1354. Report for Nissan Motor company Japan
    P.J. French;
    s.n., , 2000. 10.3.

  1355. Report for Nissan Motor Company Japan
    P.J. French;
    s.n., , 2000. 10.1.

  1356. Development and applications of novel optoelectromechanical system micro-machined in silicon
    G. Vdovin; P.J. French; J.H. Huijsing; M. Loktev;
    s.n., , 2000. 31063.

  1357. Report for Nissan Motor Company Japan
    P.J. French;
    s.n., , 2000. 9.4.

  1358. A theoretical and experimental study of the Piezojunction effect in silicon and its application in new sensor structures: progress report for the 3rd user's committee meeting of STW project DEL.3908
    J.F. Creemer; P.J. French;
    s.n., , 2000. DEL.3908.

  1359. Report for Nissan Motor Company Japan
    P.J. French;
    s.n., , 2000. 10.2.

  1360. Micromagnetics of a soft underlayer
    Litvinov, D.; Chomko, R. M.; Abelmann, L.; Ramstock, K.; Khizroev, S.;
    conference, 2000.
    Keywords: ... Computer simulation; Magnetic anisotropy; Magnetic domains; Magnetic fields; Magnetic flux; Magnetic permeability; Magnetization; Soft magnetic materials; Superparamagnetism; Thermodynamic stability; Areal bit density; Domain wall thickness; Micromagnetics; Magnetic recording.

    Abstract: ... Micromagnetic simulations and experimental studies were made to account for the physics of a soft underlayer. The existence of a reduced permeability region was observed. Results of the study suggest a set of criteria for a proper choice of the materials parameters, such as anisotropy, exchange length, and saturation magnetization to minimize the effect.

    document

  1361. MEMS/MOEMS technology capabilities and trends
    P.J. French;
    {P Rai-Choudhury} (Ed.);
    SPIE Press, , pp. 1-46, 2000.

  1362. Minimal Energy Assignment for Frequency Selective Fading Channels
    M. Ditzel; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. MMSA,
    Delft, the Netherlands, pp. 142-149, Nov. 9-10 2000. ISBN: 90-9014360-2.

  1363. The influence of non-linear distortion on OFDM bit error rate
    C. van den Bos; M.H.L. Kouwenhoven; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. International Conference on Communications,
    New Orleans, LA, USA, IEEE, pp. 1125-1129, June 18-22 2000. ISBN: 0-7803-6283-7.
    document

  1364. A PWM modulator for wireless infrared communication
    M. Koyuncu; C. van den Bos; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proceedings ProRISC Workshop on Semiconductors, Circuits, Systems and Signal Processing,
    Veldhoven, the Netherlands, Nov. 31-Dec. 1 2000. ISBN 90-73461-24-3.
    document

  1365. A classification of electronic signal processing functions
    W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proceedings ProRISC Workshop on Semiconductors, Circuits, Systems and Signal Processing,
    Veldhoven, the Netherlands, Nov. 31-Dec. 1 2000. ISBN 90-73461-24-3.
    document

  1366. A strongly directional wearable hearing aid adapter
    D. Rocha; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proceedings ProRISC Workshop on Semiconductors, Circuits, Systems and Signal Processing,
    Veldhoven, the Netherlands, Nov. 31-Dec. 1 2000. ISBN 90-73461-24-3.
    document

  1367. A dynamic-translinear fully-integrated highly-directional hearing-aid adapter
    C. van den Bos; M.H.L. Kouwenhoven; W.A. Serdijn: Effect of smooth non-linear distortion on OFDM BER;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Geneva, Switzerland, IEEE, pp. 469-472, May 28-31 2000. ISBN: 0-7803-6286-1.

  1368. Identifying translinear loops in the circuit topology
    R. Vargas-Bernal; A. Sarmiento-Reyes; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Geneva, Switzerland, IEEE, pp. 585-588, May 28-31 2000. ISBN: 0-7803-6286-1.
    document

  1369. A dynamic-translinear fully-integrated highly-directional hearing-aid adapter
    D. Rocha; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Geneva, Switzerland, IEEE, pp. 180-183, May 28-31 2000. ISBN: 0-7803-6286-1.
    document

  1370. Sealing RIE etch holes for an epi-micromachined pressure sensor
    J.F.L. Goosen; J.P. Dartee; C. de Boer; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In Proc. MME,
    Uppsala, Sweden, pp. B8.1-B8.4, Oct. 2000.

  1371. Pressure, flow and oxygen sensors on one chip for use in catheters
    J.F.L. Goosen; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In Proc. MEMS,
    Miyazaki, Japan, pp. 537-540, Jan. 2000.

  1372. Anisotropic etching of silicon using a galvanic cell
    P.J. French; C.M.A. Ashruf; P.M. Sarro; R. Kazinczi; X.H. Xia; J.J. Kelly;
    In 2nd Workshop on Physical Chemistry of Wet Etching of Silicon,
    Toulouse, pp. 1-8, May 2000.

  1373. The Piezojunction effect in silicon and its applications to sensors and circuits
    J.F. Creemer; P.J. French;
    In {JP Veen} (Ed.), SAFE-ProRISC-SeSens 2000: proceedings,
    STW Technology Foundation, pp. 627-631, 2000.

  1374. Study of electrochemical etching for 3-D device design
    S. Izuo; H. Ohji; K. Tsutsumi; P.J. French;
    In {H Adachi} (Ed.), Technical digest,
    Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan, pp. 267-270, 2000.

  1375. Three-dimensional magnetic sensor for use in intravascular interventions
    D. Tanase; J.F.L. Goosen; P.J. Trimp; P.J. French;
    In {JP Veen} (Ed.), SAFE-ProRISC-SeSens 2000: proceedings,
    STW Technology Foundation, pp. 693-696, 2000.

  1376. Measurement of pressure, flow and oxygen saturation in blood using an integrated sensor
    J.F.L. Goosen; P.J. French;
    In {JP Veen} (Ed.), SAFE-ProRISC-SeSens 2000: proceedings,
    STW Technology Foundation, pp. 639-642, 2000.

  1377. Progress in the optimisation of the porous silicon layer of a capacitive humidity sensor based on porous silicon
    E. Connolly; G.M.O. O. Halloran; P.J. French;
    In {JP Veen} (Ed.), SAFE-ProRISC-SeSens 2000: proceedings,
    STW Technology Foundation, pp. 623-626, 2000.

  1378. Study of galvanic etching for practical applications
    X.H. Xia; C.M.A. Ashruf; P.J. French; J.J. Kelly;
    In {JP Veen} (Ed.), SAFE- ProRISC-SeSens 2000: proceedings,
    STW Technology Foundation, pp. 715-717, 2000.

  1379. Silicon sensors for use in catheters
    J.F.L. Goosen; D. Tanase; P.J. French;
    In Proceedings,
    IEEE, pp. 152-155, 2000.

  1380. Pressure, flow and oxygen saturation sensors on one chip for use in catheters
    J.F.L. Goosen; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In MEMS 2000: proceedings,
    IEEE, pp. 537-540, 2000.

  1381. Sealing RIE etch holes for an epi-micromachined pressure sensor
    J.F.L. Goosen; J.P. Dartee; C. den Boer; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In {Y Bäcklund}; {C Hedlund} (Ed.), MME '00,
    s.n., pp. 1-4, 2000.

  1382. Macroporous based micromachining on full wafers
    H. Ohji; S. Izuo; P.J. French; K. Tsutsumi;
    In {R Reus}, de; {S Bouwstra} (Ed.), Eurosensors XIV,
    Mikroelektronik Centret, pp. 415-418, 2000.

  1383. The orientation dependence of the Piezojunction effect in bipolar transistors
    J.F. Creemer; P.J. French;
    In {WA Lane}; {GM Crean}; {FA Mccabe}; {H Grunbacher} (Ed.), ESSDERC 2000: proceedings,
    Frontier Group, pp. 416-419, 2000.

  1384. Anisotropic etching of silicon using a galvanic cell
    P.J. French; C.M.A. Ashruf; P.M. Sarro; R. Kazinczi; X.H. Xia; J.J. Kelly;
    In Abstracts booklet,
    s.n., pp. 1-8, 2000.

  1385. Catheter navigation system for intravascular use
    D. Tanase; J.F.L. Goosen; P.J. Trimp; J.A. Reekers; P.J. French;
    In Proceedings,
    IEEE, pp. 239-242, 2000.

  1386. Method of producing silicon device
    H. Ohji; K. Tsutsumi; P.J. French; T. Aoyama;
    2000.

  1387. Inertia force sensor and method for producing inertia force sensor
    H. Ohji; K. Tsutsumi; P.J. French; T. Aoyama;
    2000.

  1388. Light controlled electrochemical etching: equipment and devices
    P.J. French;
    2000.

  1389. A 1-V class-AB translinear integrator, Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing
    P.J. Poort; W.A. Serdijn, J. Mulder, A.C. van der Woerd; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing,
    Volume 21, Issue 1, pp. 79-90, Oct. 1999.
    document

  1390. Design of high-dynamic-range fully integratable translinear filters
    W.A. Serdijn, M.H.L. Kouwenhoven, J. Mulder; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing,
    Volume 19, Issue 3, pp. 223-239, 1999.
    document

  1391. Guest Editorial 2nd Special issue on Low-voltage low-power analog integrated circuits
    W.A. Serdijn, A.C. van der Woerd; C.J.M. Verhoeven (guest editors);
    Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing,
    Volume 20, Issue 1, July 1999.
    document

  1392. Non-linear analysis of noise in static and dynamic translinear circuits
    J. Mulder, M.H.L. Kouwenhoven,W.A. Serdijn, A.C. van der Woerd; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems-II,
    Volume 46, Issue 3, pp. 266-278, March 1999.
    document

  1393. Galvanic porous silicon formation without external contacts
    C.M.A. Ashruf; P.J. French; PM.M.C. Bressers; J.J. Kelly;
    Sensors and Actuators A: Physical: an international journal devoted to research and development of physical and chemical transducers,
    Volume 74, Issue 1-3, pp. 118-122, 1999.

  1394. Single step electrochemical etching in ammonium fluoride
    H. Ohji; P.J. French;
    Sensors and Actuators A: Physical: an international journal devoted to research and development of physical and chemical transducers,
    Volume 74, pp. 109-112, 1999.

  1395. On the vectorial calibration of a vibrating sample magnetometer for thin film measurements
    Bolhuis, T.; Abelmann, L.; Lodder, J. C.; Samwel, E. O.;
    Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials,
    Volume 193, Issue 1-3, pp. 332 – 336, 1999. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1016/S0304-8853(98)00451-X
    Keywords: ... Calibration; Crosstalk; Curve fitting; Demagnetization; Electric coils; Magnetic tape; Magnetic thin films; Magnetization; Vectors; Vibrating sample magnetometers (VSM); Magnetometers.

    Abstract: ... A calibration method for the biaxial vector Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) is proposed to reduce the so-called 'cross talk' error, often observed during angular measurements on magnetic thin films. The coil system of the biaxial vector VSM consists of two sets of coils, one for each of the two co-ordinate axes. The method takes into account that each coil set is sensitive to all components of the magnetisation vector and moreover that the sensitivity to the components parallel and perpendicular to the film plane can be different. A correction for demagnetisation should be used to compensate the fact that the sample used for the calibration cannot be fully saturated with an applied field at angles close to the normal of the film plane. Curve-fitting on the sensitivity curves is used to reduce noise. These procedures result in a calibration which reduces the cross talk by a factor 4-8 depending on the coil configuration and the size and shape of the samples used. © 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

    document

  1396. Calculation of playback signals from MFM images using transfer functions
    Vellekoop, S. J. L.; Abelmann, L.; Porthun, S.; Lodder, J. C.; Miles, J. J.;
    Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials,
    Volume 193, Issue 1-3, pp. 474 – 478, 1999. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1016/S0304-8853(98)00524-1
    Keywords: ... Computational methods; Magnetic heads; Magnetism; Mathematical models; Microscopic examination; Transfer functions; Force transfer functions (FTF); Fourier space; Magnetic force microscopy (MFM); Micromagnetism; Playback transfer functions (PTF); Magnetic recording.

    Abstract: ... Magnetic force microscopy has proven to be a suitable tool for analysis of high-density magnetic recording materials. Comparison of the MFM image of a written signal with the actual read-back signal of the recording system can give valuable insight in the recording properties of both heads and media. In a first order approach one can calculate a 'signal' by plotting the line integral over the track width along the track direction (Glijer et al., IEEE Trans. Magn. 32 (1996) 3557). The method however does not take into account the spatial frequency dependence of the transfer functions of both the MFM and the readback system. For instance the gap width of the head (limiting the high frequency signals) and the finite length of the MFM tip (limiting the sensitivity for low frequencies) are completely disregarded (Porthun et al., J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 182 (1998) 238). This type of problem involving spatial frequencies can be very elegantly solved in the Fourier space. The response of the MFM is described by the force transfer function (FTF) as introduced by (Porthun et al. (J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 182 (1998) 238) and Hug et al. (J. Appl. Phys. 83 (1998) 5609), which describes the relation between the MFM signal and the sample stray field at the height of the tip. From this stray field an 'effective surface charge distribution' can be calculated, by means of the field transfer function (HTF). The same function HTF can be used to calculate the stray field at the height of the head. From this stray field the playback voltage can be calculated, resulting in the playback transfer function (PTF). In order to do this the Karlquist model had to be extended to three dimensions. © 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

    document

  1397. Magnetic characterization of large area arrays of single and multi domain CoNi/Pt multilayer dots
    Haast, M. A. M.; Heskamp, I. R.; Abelmann, L.; Lodder, J. C.; Popma, Th. J. A.;
    Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials,
    Volume 193, Issue 1-3, pp. 511 – 514, 1999. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1016/S0304-8853(98)00484-3
    Keywords: ... Arrays; Cobalt alloys; Coercive force; Etching; Ion beams; Laser applications; Lithography; Magnetic anisotropy; Magnetic hysteresis; Magnetic recording; Metallic superlattices; Platinum; Laser interference lithography; Magnetic force microscopy (MFM); Polar Kerr magnetometry; Torque magnetometry; Magnetic films.

    Abstract: ... Co50Ni50/Pt multilayers with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy have been patterned into single and multi domain dots by laser interference lithography and ion beam etching. The samples (typically 1 × 1 cm2) have been characterized by VSM, polar Kerr Magnetometry, Torque Magnetometry and Magnetic Force Microscopy. The relation between coercivity, anisotropy and dot size is discussed. Also the rotational hysteresis loss of single and multi domain dots is reported. © 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

    document

  1398. The role of oxygen in obliquely deposited tapes
    Bijker, M. D.; Abelmann, L.; Lodder, J. C.; Popma, Th. J. A.;
    Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials,
    Volume 193, Issue 1-3, pp. 357 – 361, 1999. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1016/S0304-8853(98)00455-7
    Keywords: ... Deposition; Evaporation; Fluorescence; Magnetic recording; Microstructure; Oxygen; Transmission electron microscopy; X ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis; Magnetic tape.

    Abstract: ... The role of oxygen will be discussed in comparing some experimental tapes to a commercial Hi8ME tape. Both the oxygen flow and the deposition rate play an important role in understanding how oxygen is incorporated in the film during the evaporation process. © 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

    document

  1399. Physical sensors for medical applications
    P.J. French;
    {P.J. French}; {C Grimbergen} (Ed.);
    Delft University of Technology, , 1999.

  1400. 3rd Report project ET 970037 [vertrouwelijk]
    P.J. French;
    Delft University of Technology, , 1999.

  1401. Report for Nissan Motor Company Japan
    P.J. French;
    s.n., , 1999. 8.11.

  1402. Report for Nissan Motor Company Japan
    P.J. French;
    s.n., , 1999. 9.2.

  1403. Report for Nissan Motor Company Japan
    P.J. French;
    s.n., , 1999. 9.3.

  1404. A theoretical and experimental study of the piezojunction effect in silicon and its application in new sensor structures
    J.F. Creemer; P.J. French;
    Delft University of Technology, , 1999.

  1405. Report for Nissan motor Company Japan
    P.J. French;
    s.n., , 1999. 9.1.

  1406. Report for Nissan Motor Company Japan
    P.J. French;
    s.n., , 1999. 8.10.

  1407. Report for Nissan Motor Company Japan
    P.J. French;
    s.n., , 1999. 8.12.

  1408. Fabrication of accelerometer using single-step electrochemical etching for micro structures (SEEMS)
    H. Ohji; P.T.J. Gennissen; P.J. French; K. Tsutsumi;
    IEEE, , pp. 1-5, 1999.

  1409. Dynamic translinear circuits
    W.A. Serdijn; J. Mulder; P.J. Poort; M.H.L. Kouwenhoven; A. van Staveren; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    In Analog Circuit Design,
    Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1999. ISBN: 0-7923-8400-8.
    document

  1410. Non-linear distortion and OFDM bit-error rate
    C. van den Bos; M.H.L. Kouwenhoven; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. ProRISC Workshop on Circuits, Systems and Signal processing,
    Mierlo, the Netherlands, Nov. 25-26 1999.

  1411. Dynamic behaviour of a first-order dynamic translinear filter: the linear time-varying approach
    F.C.M. Kuijstermans; F.M. Diepstraten; W.A. Serdijn; P. van der Kloet; A. van Staveren; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    Orlando, FL, USA, IEEE, May 30 - June 2 1999.
    document

  1412. Analysis of noise in higher-order translinear filters
    M.H.L. Kouwenhoven; J. Mulder; W.A. Serdijn; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    Orlando, FL, USA, IEEE, May 30 - June 2 1999.
    document

  1413. A low-voltage translinear second-order quadrature oscillator
    W.A. Serdijn; J. Mulder; M.H.L. Kouwenhoven; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    Orlando, FL, USA, IEEE, May 30 - June 2 1999.
    document

  1414. Pressure and flow sensor for use in catheters
    J.F.L.Goosen; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In Proc.SPIE Micromachining and Microfabrication 1999 Symposium,
    Santa Clara, CA, SPIE, pp. 38-45, Sep. 1999. ISBN 0-8194-3473-6.

  1415. Influence of the Formation Parameters on the Humidity Sensing Characteristics of a Capacitive Humidity Sensor Based on Porous Silicon
    G.M. O'Halloran; W. van der Vlist; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French;
    In Proc. XIII Eurosensors Conf.,
    The Hague, The Netherlands, pp. 117-120, Sept. 1999. ISBN 90-76699-02-X.

  1416. Combination of Epi-Poly and Electropolishing for Fabrication of Accelerometers with Large Substrate Separation Gaps
    P.T.J. Gennissen; H. Ohji; P.J. French; C.M.A. Ashruf; G.M. O'Halloran; P.M. Sarro;
    In Proc. XIII Eurosensors Conf.,
    The Hague, The Netherlands, pp. 1029-1032, Sept. 1999.

  1417. Practical considerations of the galvanic etch-stop for device application
    C.M.A.Ashruf; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro; W. van d.Vlist; E.L.Oemar; L.J.Breems; J.J.Kelly;
    In Proc. 10th Int. Conf. Solid-State Transducers,
    Sendai, Japan, pp. 560-563, Jun. 1999.

  1418. Fabrication of mechanical structures in p-type silicon using electrochemical etching
    H. Ohji; P.J. French; K. Tsutsumi;
    In Transducers '99: digest of technical papers. Vol. 1,
    Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan, pp. 1086-1089, 1999.

  1419. Theoretical and experimental study of the piezojunction effect in bipolar transistors at moderate stress levels
    J.F. Creemer; P.J. French;
    In Transducers '99: digest of technical papers. Vol. 1,
    Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan, pp. 204-207, 1999.

  1420. A new high temperature pressure sensor based on a thermal read-out principle
    U.A. Dauderstadt; C.M.A. Ashruf; P.J. French;
    In Transducers '99: digest of technical papers. Vol. 1,
    Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan, pp. 1610-1613, 1999.

  1421. Practical considerations of the galvanic etch-stop for device applications
    C.M.A. Ashruf; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro; W. van der Vlist; E.L. Oemar; L.J. Breems; J.J. Kelly;
    In Transducers '99: digest of technical papers. Vol. 1,
    Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan, pp. 560-563, 1999.

  1422. Time at risk: ALARP trade-offs over time
    T.J. Bedford; E. Atherton; P.J. French;
    In {GI Schuëller}; {P Kafka} (Ed.), Safety and reliability: proceedings of ESREL '99,
    Balkema, pp. 1441-1446, 1999.

  1423. The Piezojunction effect in mechanical and bandgap sensors
    J.F. Creemer; P.J. French;
    In SAFE99: proceedings. ProRISC99: proceedings [CD-ROM],
    STW Technology Foundation, pp. 105-109, 1999.

  1424. Editorship
    P.J. French;
    In {P.J. French}; {E Peeters} (Ed.), Proceedings of SPIE 3876,
    International Society for Optical Engineering, pp. -, 1999.

  1425. Development of silicon accelerometers using epi-micromachining
    P.T.J. Gennissen; P.J. French;
    In {P.J. French}; {E Peeters} (Ed.), Micromachined devices and components V (Proceedings of SPIE 3876),
    International Society for Optical Engineering, pp. 84-92, 1999.

  1426. A comparison of CBA and MAUT for ALARP decision-making
    P.J. French; E. Atherton; T.J. Bedford;
    In {LHJ Goossens} (Ed.), Proceedings,
    Delft University Press, pp. 550-553, 1999.

  1427. Developing MEMS technology: choosing the options to meet requirements
    P.J. French;
    In {PD Mangalgiri}; {AR Upadhya}; {A Selvarajan} (Ed.), Proceedings,
    Allied Publishers, pp. 182-189, 1999.

  1428. Pressure and flow sensor for use in catheters
    J.F.L. Goosen; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In {P.J. French}; {E Peeters} (Ed.), Micromachined devices and components V (Proceedings of SPIE 3876),
    International Society for Optical Engineering, pp. 38-44, 1999.

  1429. A study of the reliability of passivation layers for sensor applications
    P.J. Trimp; J.R. Mollinger; A. Bossche; F.R. Riedijk; P.J. French;
    In {M. Bartek} (Ed.), Eurosensors XIII: proceedings [CD-ROM],
    Delft University of Technology, pp. 823-826, 1999.

  1430. Initial pits for electrochemical etching in hydrofluoric acid
    H. Ohji; P.J. French; S. Izuo; K. Tsutsumi;
    In {M. Bartek} (Ed.), Eurosensors XIII: proceedings [CD-ROM],
    Delft University of Technology, pp. 1037-1040, 1999.

  1431. Combination of epipoly and electropolishing for fabrication of accelerometers with large substrate separation gaps
    P.T.J. Gennissen; H. Ohji; P.J. French; C.M.A. Ashruf; G.M.O. O. Halloran; P.M. Sarro;
    In {M. Bartek} (Ed.), Eurosensors XIII: proceedings [CD-ROM],
    Delft University of Technology, pp. 1029-1032, 1999.

  1432. Influence of the formation parameters on the humidity sensing characteristics of a capacitive humidity sensor based on porous silicon
    G.M.O. O. Halloran; W. van der Vlist; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French;
    In Eurosensors XIII: proceedings,
    Delft University of Technology, pp. 117-120, 1999.

  1433. Integration of MEMS devices
    P.J. French;
    In {NW Bergmann}; {O Reinhold}; {NC Tien} (Ed.), Electronics and structures for MEMS (Proceedings of SPIE 3891),
    International Society for Optical Engineering, pp. 39-48, 1999.

  1434. Noise considerations for translinear filters
    J. Mulder, M.H.L. Kouwenhoven,W.A. Serdijn, A.C. van der Woerd; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems-II,
    Volume 45, Issue 9, pp. 1199-1204, Sept. 1998. invited paper.
    document

  1435. A 3.3 V current-controlled Sqrt-domain oscillator
    J. Mulder; W.A. Serdijn, A.C. van der Woerd; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing,
    Volume 16, Issue 1, pp. 17-28, April 1998.
    document

  1436. A wide-tunable translinear second-order oscillator
    W.A. Serdijn, J. Mulder, A.C. van der Woerd; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits,
    Volume 33, Issue 2, pp. 195-201, Feb. 1998.
    document

  1437. An instantaneous and syllabic companding translinear filter
    J. Mulder; W.A. Serdijn, A.C. van der Woerd; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems-I,
    Volume 45, Issue 2, pp. 150-154, Feb. 1998.
    document

  1438. A new contactless electrochemical etch stop based on a gold/silicon/TMAH galvanic cell
    C.M.A. Ashruf; P.J. French; P.M.M.C. Bressers; P.M. Sarro; J.J. Kelly;
    Sensors and Actuators A,
    Volume 66, Issue 1-3 (1998), pp. 284-292, 1998.

  1439. Temperature dependence and drift of a thermal accelerometer
    U.A. Dauderstadt; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French;
    Sensors & Actuators A,
    Volume 66, Issue 1-3, pp. 244-249, 1998.

  1440. Electrochemical etch stop engineering for bulk micromachining
    C.M.A. Ashruf; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro; M.C. Bressers; J.J. Kelly;
    Mechatronics,
    Volume 8 (1998), pp. 595-612, 1998.

  1441. Surface versus bulk micromachining: the contest for suitable applications
    P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    J. Micromech. Microeng.,
    Volume 8, pp. 45-53, 1998.

  1442. Electrochemical etch stop engineering for bulk micromachining [ niet eerder opgevoerd ]
    C.M.A. Ashruf; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro; J.J. Kelly; PM.M.C. Bressers;
    Mechatronics,
    Volume 1998, Issue 8, pp. 595-612, 1998.

  1443. Surface versus bulk micromachining: the contest for suitable applications Surface versus bulk micromachining: the contest for suitable applications
    P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering,
    Volume 8, Issue 2, pp. 45-53, 1998.

  1444. Quantitative magnetic force microscopy on perpendicularly magnetized samples
    Hug, Hans J.; Stiefel, B.; Van Schendel, P. J. A.; Moser, A.; Hofer, R.; Martin, S.; G{\" u}ntherodt, H.-J.; Porthun, Steffen; Abelmann, Leon; Lodder, J. C.; Bochi, Gabriel; O'Handley, R. C.;
    Journal of Applied Physics,
    Volume 83, Issue 11, pp. 5609 – 5620, 1998. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1063/1.367412
    Abstract: ... We present a transfer-function approach to calculate the force on a magnetic force microscope tip and the stray field due to a perpendicularly magnetized medium having an arbitrary magnetization pattern. Under certain conditions, it is possible to calculate the magnetization pattern from the measured force data. We apply this transfer function theory to quantitatively simulate magnetic force microscopy data acquired on a CoNi/Pt multilayer and on an epitaxially grown Cu/Ni/Cu/Si(001) magnetic thin film. The method described here serves as an excellent basis for (i) the definition of the condition for achieving maximum resolution in a specific experiment, (ii) the differences of force and force z-derivative imaging, (iii) the artificial distinction between domain and domain wall contrast, and finally (iv) the influence of various tip shapes on image content. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.

    document

  1445. On the determination of the internal magnetic structure by magnetic force microscopy
    Vellekoop, Bas; Abelmann, Leon; Porthun, Steffen; Lodder, Cock;
    Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials,
    Volume 190, Issue 1-2, pp. 148 – 151, 1998. DOI: 10.1016/S0304-8853(98)00280-7
    Keywords: ... Computational methods; Magnetic fields; Magnetic force microscopy (MFM); Magnetic variables measurement.

    Abstract: ... In this contribution it is proven mathematically that it is in principle impossible to determine the magnetic charge distribution inside a magnetic material by a method which measures the stray field outside the sample, such as magnetic force microscopy (MFM). A general source of stray field, Eσ, is defined and it is shown that different solutions can be found for Eσ that result in the same stray field. It is also shown how both a perpendicular and a longitudinal medium can be described with the same Eσ. Using the equations for stray field, resulting from Eσ, it is also proven that performing the same MFM measurement at different scanning heights does not provide any new information on the stray field for sample; from a measurement at one (constant) height, the stray field at all other heights can be calculated. Moreover, the component of the field parallel to the same plane can be obtained from a measurement of the field component perpendicular to the sample plane. © 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

    document

  1446. Optimization of lateral resolution inmagnetic forcemicroscopy
    Porthun, S.; Abelmann, L.; Vellekoop, S. J. L.; Lodder, J. C.; Hug, H. J.;
    Applied Physics A: Materials Science and Processing,
    Volume 66, Issue SUPPL. 1, pp. S1185–S1189, 1998. DOI: 10.1007/s003390051323
    Keywords: ... Magnetic fields; Magnetic force microscopy; Magnetic recording; Detector noise; High-lateral resolution; Lateral resolution; Recording media; Ultrahigh density; Magnetic heads.

    Abstract: ... Magnetic force microscopy (MFM) plays an important role in magnetic recording research. It is not only suited for the study of magnetic heads and recording media, but is also a possible technique for ultrahigh-density bit writing. One of the key properties of this technique is the geometric simplicity of the magnetic field-detecting element-which makes it suitable for reaching very high lateral resolution. Starting from the tip transfer function (TTF), as derived in [1], a minimum detectable wavelength will be used as a measure for the lateral resolution of the instrument. This minimum detectable wavelength will determine the detector noise level in the instrument's configuration. The model of the minimum detectable wavelength is then used to optimize the tip-sample configuration geometrically as well as magnetically. © 1998 Springer-Verlag.

    document

  1447. Comparing the resolution of magnetic force microscopes using the CAMST reference samples
    Abelmann, Leon; Porthun, Steffen; Haast, Marc; Lodder, Cock; Moser, Andreas; Best, Margaret E.; Van Schendel, Pieter J. A.; Stiefel, Bruno; Hug, Hans J.; Heydon, Greg P.; Farley, Andrew; Hoon, Steve R.; Pfaffelhuber, Thomas; Proksch, Roger; Babcock, Ken;
    Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials,
    Volume 190, Issue 1-2, pp. 135 – 147, 1998. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1016/S0304-8853(98)00281-9
    Keywords: ... Cobalt alloys; Magnetic storage; Magnetooptical devices; Microscopes; Multilayers; Magnetic force microscopes; Magnetic measuring instruments.

    Abstract: ... A set of reference samples for comparing the results obtained with different magnetic force microscopes (MFM) has been prepared. These samples consist of CoNi/Pt magneto-optic multilayers with different thicknesses. The magnetic properties of the multilayer are tailored in such a way that a very fine stripe domain structure occurs in remanence. On top of this intrinsic domain structure, bits were written thermomagnetically using different laser powers. These samples have been imaged in six different laboratories employing both home-built and commercial magnetic force microscopes. The resolution obtained with these different microscopes, tips and measurement methods varies between 30 and 100 nm. © 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

    document

  1448. Magnetic force microscopy of thin film media for high density magnetic recording
    Porthun, Steffen; Abelmann, Leon; Lodder, Cock;
    Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials,
    Volume 182, Issue 1-2, pp. 238 – 273, 1998. DOI: 10.1016/S0304-8853(97)01010-X
    Keywords: ... Magnetic domains; Magnetic field effects; Magnetic heads; Magnetic recording; Magnetooptical devices; Microscopic examination; Magnetic force microscopy; Magnetic imaging; Magnetic structures; Soft magnetic materials; Magnetic thin films.

    Abstract: ... This paper discusses various aspect of magnetic force microscopy (MFM) for use in the field of high density magnetic recording. After an introduction of the most important magnetic imaging techniques, an overview is given of the operation and theory of MFM. The developments in instrumentation, MFM tips, quantification of MFM data, high resolution imaging and application of external fields is discussed. Examples are given of the applications of MFM, such as the characterization of heads, magnetic structures (bits) in longitudinal and perpendicular recording media, bits in magneto-optic films and domain structures in soft magnetic materials. © 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

    document

  1449. Reversai mechanism of submicron patterned CoNi/Pt multilayers
    Haast, M. A. M.; Schuurhuis, J. R.; Abelmann, L.; Lodder, J. C.; Popma, T. J.;
    IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,
    Volume 34, Issue 4 PART 1, pp. 1006 – 1008, 1998. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/20.706339
    Keywords: ... Cobalt alloys; Coercive force; Lithography; Magnetic hysteresis; Magnetic recording; Metallic superlattices; Platinum; Laser interference lithography; Magnetic force microscopy; Magnetic films.

    Abstract: ... With laser interference lithography CosoNiso/Pt multilayers with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy have been patterned into regular matrices of submicron sized dots. Their magnetic properties have been studied with Vibrating Sample Magnetojnetry. Compared to continuous multilayers (Hc =15 kA/m) the coercivity for the patterned multilayers is much larger (H, = 115-270 kA/m). Though the hysteresis curves of ISO nm dots and 60 nm dots have identical shapes, virgin curves seem to indicate that the 180 urn dots are multidomain while the 60 nm dots are single domain. The latter has been confirmed with Magnetic Force Microscopy observations. © 1998 IEEE.

    document

  1450. Dynamic translinear and log-domain circuits: analysis and synthesis
    J. Mulder; W.A. Serdijn; A.C. van der Woerd; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, , 1998.

  1451. Galvanic etching of silicon
    C.M.A. Ashruf; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro; J.J. Kelly;
    In Proc.SPIE Micromachining and Microfabrication 98 Symposium,
    Santa Clara, USA, SPIE, pp. 82-87, Sep. 1998.

  1452. Integration Technology
    P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In Proc. SPIE Smart Electronics and MEMS Symposium,
    San Diego, USA, SPIE, pp. 60-71, Mar. 1998.

  1453. A 200 Mb/s translinear optical front-end
    S. Derksen; W.A. Serdijn; J. Mulder; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    In Proc. ProRISC Workshop on Circuits, Systems and Signal Processing,
    Mierlo, the Netherlands, Nov. 26-27 1998.

  1454. Infra-red wireless link using OFDM modulation: performance prediction, modeling and implementation
    A. Bohdanowicz; C. van den Bos; M. Ditzel; W.A. Serdijn; G.J.M. Janssen; E.F.A. Deprettere;
    In Proc. ProRISC Workshop on Circuits, Systems and Signal Processing,
    Mierlo, the Netherlands, Nov. 26-27 1998.

  1455. Analysis of noise in static and dynamic translinear circuits
    M.H.L. Kouwenhoven; J. Mulder; W.A. Serdijn; A.C. van der Woerd; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    In Proc. ProRISC Workshop on Circuits, Systems and Signal Processing,
    Mierlo, the Netherlands, Nov. 26-27 1998.

  1456. A 1-volt class-AB translinear sinh integrator based on a harmonic mean output stage
    J. Mulder; W.A. Serdijn; A.C. van der Woerd; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    In Proc. ProRISC Workshop on Circuits, Systems and Signal Processing,
    Mierlo, the Netherlands, Nov. 26-27 1998.

  1457. A low-voltage translinear second-order quadrature oscillator
    W.A. Serdijn; J. Mulder; M.H.L. Kouwenhoven; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    In Proc. ProRISC Workshop on Circuits, Systems and Signal Processing,
    Mierlo, the Netherlands, Nov. 26-27 1998.

  1458. Dynamic Behavior of a first-order dynamic translinear filter: the linear time-varying approach
    F.C.M. Kuijstermans; F. Diepstraten; W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. ProRISC Workshop on Circuits, Systems and Signal Processing,
    Mierlo, the Netherlands, Nov. 26-27 1998.

  1459. A new current mode synthesis method for dynamic translinear filters and its application in hearing aids
    D. Masmoudi; W. Serdijn; J. Mulder; A. v.d. Woerd; J. Tomas; J.P. Dom;
    In Proc. International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems (ICECS),
    Liboa, Portugal, IEEE, Sept. 7-10 1998.
    document

  1460. Analysis of noise in translinear filters
    J. Mulder; M.H.L. Kouwenhoven; W.A. Serdijn; A.C. van der Woerd; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Monterey, CA, USA, IEEE, May 31 1998-Jun 1998.
    document

  1461. Dynamic translinear circuits
    W.A. Serdijn; J. Mulder; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    In Proc. Advances in Analog Circuit Design (AACD),
    Copenhagen, Denmark, April 28-30 1998. invited presentation.

  1462. Porous silicon membrane for humidity sensing applications
    G.M. O'Hallaran; J. Groeneweg; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French;
    In Proc. Eurosensors XII Conf.,
    Southampton, UK, pp. 901-904, Sep. 1998.

  1463. Thickness of membranes fabricated with galvanic etch-stop, uniformity and reproducibility
    E.L. Oemar; C.M.A. Ashruf; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In Proc. Eurosensors XII Conf.,
    Southampton, UK, pp. 3-6, Sep. 1998.

  1464. Temperature dependence of a thermal accelerometer
    U.A. Dauderstadt; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French;
    In Proc. Dutch Sensor Conf,
    Twente, pp. 55-60, Mar. 1998.

  1465. Membrane fabrication with galvanic etch-stop cell
    C.M.A. Ashruf; E.L. Oemar; P.J. French; P.M. P.M. Sarro M.C. Bressers; J.J. Kelly;
    In Proc. Dutch Sensor Conf,
    Twente, pp. 139-142, Mar. 1998.

  1466. Porous silicon membrane for humidity sensing applications [niet eerder opgevoerd]
    gmo O'Halloran; J. Groeneweg; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French;
    In proceedings,
    s.n., pp. 901-904, 1998.

  1467. New silicon micromachining techniques for microsystems
    P.J. French; P.T.J. Gennissen; P.M. Sarro;
    Sensors and Actuators A: Physical,
    Volume 62, Issue 1-3, pp. 652-662, Jul. 1997.

  1468. Dual structural polysilicon BiFET-compatible surface-micromachining module
    Drieenhuizen; B.P. van; J.F.L. Goosen; Y.X. Li; M. Bartek; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro; R.F. Wolffenbuttel;
    Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering,
    Volume 7, Issue 3, pp. 148-150, Sep. 1997.

  1469. Optimization of a low stress silicon nitride process for surface micromachining applications
    P.J. French; P.M. Sarro; R. Mall?e; E.J.M. Fakkeldij; R.F. Wolffenbuttel;
    Sensors and Actuators A,
    Volume 58, pp. 149-157, 1997.

  1470. Bipolar-compatible epitaxial poly for smart sensors: stress minimization and applications
    P.T.J. Gennissen; M. Bartek; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    Sensors and Actuators A,
    Volume 62, pp. 636-645, 1997.

  1471. Ultra low power MOS integrated filter with transconductors with spoilt current sources
    J.C. Kuenen; M. van de Gevel;
    IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits,
    Volume 32, Issue 10, pp. 1576-1581, Oct. 1997.
    document

  1472. Signal x noise intermodulation in translinear filters
    J. Mulder, M.H.L. Kouwenhoven; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    Electronics Letters,
    Volume 33, Issue 14, pp. 1205-1207, July 3 1997.
    document

  1473. An RMS-DC converter based on the dynamic translinear principle
    J. Mulder, A.C. van der Woerd; W.A. Serdijn; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits,
    Volume 32, Issue 7, pp. 1146-1150, July 1997.
    document

  1474. A current-efficient CMOS transconductor for continuous-time gm-c filters
    W.A. Serdijn, J.C. Kuenen, J. Mulder, M. van de Gevel, A.C. van der Woerd; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    Electronics Letters,
    Volume 33, Issue 9, pp. 769-771, April 24 1997.
    document

  1475. General current-mode analysis of translinear filters
    J. Mulder, A.C. van der Woerd; W.A. Serdijn; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems-I,
    Volume 44, Issue 3, pp. 193-197, March 1997.
    document

  1476. A low-voltage ultra-low-power translinear integrator for audio filter applications
    W.A. Serdijn, M. Broest, J. Mulder, A.C. van der Woerd; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits,
    Volume 32, Issue 4, pp. 577-581, April 1997.
    document

  1477. A reduced area low-power low-voltage single-ended differential pair
    J. Mulder, M. van de Gevel; and A.H.M. van Roermund;
    IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits,
    Volume 32, Issue 2, pp. 254-257, Feb. 1997.
    document

  1478. Oblique evaporation and surface diffusion
    Abelmann, Leon; Lodder, Cock;
    Thin Solid Films,
    Volume 305, Issue 1-2, pp. 1 – 21, 1997. DOI: 10.1016/S0040-6090(97)00095-3
    Keywords: ... Diffusion in solids; Evaporation; Film growth; Mathematical models; Surface phenomena; Surface structure; Thermal effects; Oblique evaporation; Thin films.

    Abstract: ... The special structure of obliquely evaporated films has its origin in shadowing phenomena during film growth. Because of shadowing, the film consists of bundles of inclined columns with the bundles being aligned perpendicularly to the vapour incidence direction. The column inclination angle lies between the film normal and the vapour incidence direction. Different models found in literature relating process parameters and film structure are discussed. It is found that surface diffusion plays an important role, especially with regard to the difference between random and directional surface diffusion. The latter is induced by the oblique evaporation process. A quantitative expression is given for the relation between process conditions and surface diffusion including the influence of substrate temperature, rate and contamination with residual gasses. Using these models and adding our new calculations, the relation between surface diffusion and film structure is discussed in detail and found to be consistent with measurements published in the literature. © 1997 Elsevier Science S.A.

    document

  1479. Strain effects in multilayers
    C.M.A. Ashruf; P.J. French; C. de Boer; P.M. Sarro;
    In Proc.SPIE Micromachining and Microfabrication '97 Symposium,
    Austin, Texas, USA, SPIE, pp. 149-159, Sep. 1997.

  1480. Bulk micromachined pressure sensor based on epi-poly technique
    P.T.J. Gennissen; C.M.A. Ashruf; M. Kaak; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In Proc.SPIE Micromachining and Microfabrication '97 Symposium,
    Austin, Texas, USA, SPIE, pp. 212-219, Sep. 1997.

  1481. Study of Selective and Non-Selective Deposition of Single- and Polycrystalline Silicon Layers in an Epitaxial Reactor
    M. Bartek; P.T.J. Gennissen; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro; R.F. Wolffenbuttel;
    In Proc. Transducers 97,
    Chicago, USA, pp. 1403-1406, Jun. 1997.

  1482. Surface versus bulk micromachining: the contest for suitable applications
    P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In Proc. MME 97 Conf,
    Southampton, UK, pp. 18-30, Aug. 1997.

  1483. Fabrication of micromechanical structures with a new electrodeless electrochemical etch stop
    C.M.A. Ashruf; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro; M. Nagao; M. Esashi;
    In Proc. 9th Int. Conf. Solid-State Transducers,
    Chicago, USA, pp. 703-706, Jun. 1997.

  1484. A bulk micromachined humidity sensor based on porous silicon
    G.M. O'Hallaran; P.M. Sarro; J. Groeneweg; P.J. Trimp; P.J. French;
    In Proc. 9th Int. Conf. Solid-State Transducers,
    Chicago, USA, pp. 563-566, Jun. 1997.

  1485. A current-mode synthesis method for translinear companding filters
    J. Mulder; W.A. Serdijn; A.C. van der Woerd; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    In Proc. International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems (ICECS),
    Cairo, Egypt, pp. 1419-1422, Dec. 15-18 1997.

  1486. Shortening the analog design trajectory by means of the dynamic translinear principle
    W.A. Serdijn; J. Mulder; A.C. van der Woerd; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    In Proc. ProRISC Workshop on Circuits, Systems and Signal Processing,
    Mierlo, the Netherlands, pp. 559-566, Nov. 27-28 1997. invited presentation.

  1487. Dynamic translinear circuits
    W.A. Serdijn; J. Mulder; A.C. van der Woerd; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    In Proc. Low-Voltage Low-Power workshop at ESSCIRC?97,
    Southampton, UK, Sept. 19 1997. invited presentation.

  1488. A wide-tunable translinear second-order oscillator
    W.A. Serdijn; J. Mulder; A.C. van der Woerd; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    In Proc. European Solid-State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC),
    Southamption, UK, pp. 224-227, Sept. 16-18 1997.

  1489. Dynamic translinear circuits ? an overview
    J. Mulder; W.A. Serdijn; A.C. van der Woerd; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    In Proc. International Symposium on IC Technology, Systems and Applications (ISIC),
    Singapore, IEEE, pp. 31-38, Sept. 10-212 1997.

  1490. Dynamic translinear circuits ? an overview
    W.A. Serdijn; J. Mulder; A.C. van der Woerd; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    In Proc. IEEE-CASS Region 8 Workshop on Analog and Mixed IC Design,
    Baveno, Italy, IEEE, pp. 65-72, Sept. 12-13 1997. (invited presentation.

  1491. Analysis and synthesis of dynamic translinear circuits
    J. Mulder; W.A. Serdijn; A.C. van der Woerd; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    In Proc. European Conference on Circuit Theory and Design (ECCTD),
    Budapest, Hungary, pp. 18-23, 1997.

  1492. Syllabic companding in translinear filters
    J. Mulder; W.A. Serdijn; A.C. van der Woerd; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Hong Kong, IEEE, pp. 101-104, 1997.
    document

  1493. The design of wide-tunable translinear second-order oscillators
    W.A. Serdijn; J. Mulder; A.C. van der Woerd; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),
    Hong Kong, IEEE, pp. 829-832, 1997.

  1494. The development of a low-stress polysilicon process compatible with standard device processing
    P.J. French; B.P. van Drieenhuizen; D. Poenar; J.F.L. Goosen; R. Mallee; P.M. Sarro; R.F. Wolffenbuttel;
    Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems,
    Volume 5, Issue 3, pp. 187-196, 1996.

  1495. A dynamical translinear RMS-DC converter
    J. Mulder, A.C. van der Woerd; W.A. Serdijn; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    Electronics Letters,
    Volume 32, Issue 22, pp. 2067-2068, Oct. 24 1996.
    document

  1496. De spanning eruit in buzzers, piepers en pacemakers
    W.A. Serdijn en G.L.E. Monna;
    Natuur en Techniek,
    Volume 64, Issue 4, pp. 54-59, April 1996. invited paper.

  1497. Design rules for an integratable low-power amplifier/filter combination
    R. Koster, A.C. van der Woerd; W.A. Serdijn;
    Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing,
    Volume 9, pp. 207-214, 1996.
    document

  1498. High-swing cascode MOS current mirror
    J. Mulder, A.C. van der Woerd; W.A. Serdijn; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    Electronics Letters,
    Volume 32, Issue 14, pp. 1251-1252, July 4 1996.
    document

  1499. Chain-rule resistance: a new circuit principle for inherently linear ultra-low-power on-chip transconductances or transresistances
    W.A. Serdijn, A.C. van der Woerd; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    Electronics Letters,
    Volume 32, Issue 4, pp. 278-279, Feb. 15 1996.
    document

  1500. A current-mode companding sqrt-domain integrator
    J. Mulder, A.C. van der Woerd; W.A. Serdijn; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    Electronics Letters,
    Volume 32, Issue 3, pp. 198-199, Feb. 1 1996.
    document

  1501. Interaction in double layered ME tapes
    Immink, A. H. J.; Bijker, M. D.; Abelmann, L.; Lodder, J. C.;
    Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials,
    Volume 155, Issue 1-3, pp. 279 – 283, 1996. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1016/0304-8853(95)00730-X
    Keywords: ... Composition; Deposition; Etching; Magnetic recording; Magnetization; Magnetostatics; Morphology; Oxidation; Oxygen; Pressure effects; Scanning electron microscopy; Substrates; Double layered tapes; Metal evaporated tape; Mini-rollcoater set up; Negative magnetostatic interaction; Oxygen concentration; Magnetic tape.

    Abstract: ... A series of experimental double layered ME tapes with different oxygen concentrations were produced using an experimental mini-rollcoater set-up. δM measurements on these tapes indicate a negative (magnetostatic) interaction between the individual layers.

    document

  1502. Bipolar compatible epitaxial poly for surface micromachined smart sensors
    P.T.J. Gennissen; P.J. French; M. Bartek; P.M. Sarro; A. van den Boogaard; C. Visser;
    In Proc. SPIE Conference on Micromachining & Microfabrication, Process Technology II,
    Austin, USA, SPIE, pp. 135-142, Oct. 1996.

  1503. New developments in the integration of micromachined sensors
    P.M. Sarro; P.J. French; P.T.J. Gennissen;
    In Proc. SPIE Micromachining and Microfabrication 1996 Symposium,
    Austin, Texas, USA, SPIE, pp. 26-36, Oct. 1996.

  1504. Dual structural polysilicon BiFET-compatible surface-micromachining module
    B.P.van Drieenhuizen; J.F.L. Goosen; Y.X. Li; M. Bartek; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro; R.F. Wolffenbuttel;
    In Proc. MME 96,
    Barcelona, Spain, pp. 70-73, Oct. 1996.

  1505. Bipolar compatible epitaxial poly for smart sensors - stress minimization and applications
    P.T.J. Gennissen; M. Bartek; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In Proc. Eurosensors X,
    Leuven, Belgium, pp. 187-190, Sep. 1996.

  1506. IC-compatible silicon fusion bonding
    A. Berthold; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French; M.J. Vellekoop;
    In Proc. Eurosensors '96 Conf.,
    Leuven, Belgium, pp. 489-491, Sep. 1996.

  1507. New micromachining techniques for microsystems
    P.J. French; P.T.J. Gennissen; P.M. Sarro;
    In Proc. Eurosensors '96 Conf.,
    Leuven, Belgium, pp. 465-472, Sep. 1996.

  1508. Thick polysilicon microstructures by combination of epitaxial and poly growth in a single deposition step
    P.T.J. Gennissen; M. Bartek; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro;
    In Proc. 1996 National Sensor Conference,
    Delft, The Netherlands, pp. 189-192, Mar. 1996.

  1509. New etchant for the fabrication of porous silicon
    G.M. O'Hallaran; M. Kuhl; P.M. Sarro; P.T.J. Gennissen; P.J. French;
    In Moustakas, Dismukes, Pearton) (Ed.), Proc. 189th Electrochemical Society Meeting: III-V Nitride Materials and Compounds,
    Los Angeles, California, USA, pp. 180-185, May 1996.

  1510. An ultra-low-power integrated DC current source
    W.A. Serdijn; A.C. van der Woerd; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    In Proc. ProRISC Workshop on Circuits, Systems and Signal Processing,
    Mierlo, the Netherlands, pp. 303-306, 1996.

  1511. Dynamic-range optimization in ultra-low-power fully integratable companding filters
    W.A. Serdijn; A.C. van der Woerd; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    In Proc. ProRISC Workshop on Circuits, Systems and Signal Processing,
    Mierlo, the Netherlands, pp. 299-302, 1996.

  1512. A current-efficient CMOS transconductor for continuous-time Gm-C filters
    W.A. Serdijn; J.C. Kuenen; J. Mulder; M. van de Gevel; A.C. van der Woerd; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    In Proc. ProRISC Workshop on Circuits, Systems and Signal Processing,
    Mierlo, the Netherlands, pp. 291-293, 1996.

  1513. A wide-tunable translinear second-order oscillator
    W.A. Serdijn; J. Mulder; A.C. van der Woerd; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    In Proc. ProRISC Workshop on Circuits, Systems and Signal Processing,
    Mierlo, the Netherlands, pp. 295-298, 1996.

  1514. Design of current-mode companding sqrt-domain dynamic circuits
    J. Mulder; W.A. Serdijn , A.C. van der Woerd; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    In Proc. IEE colloquium on Analog Signal Processing,
    Oxford, UK, IEE, Nov. 20 1996. invited presentation.

  1515. Recent trends in translinear integrated circuits
    A.C. van der Woerd; J. Mulder; W.A. Serdijn; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    In Proc. Electronics ? ET?96,
    Sozopol, Bulgaria, 1996.

  1516. A low-voltage ultra-low-power current-companding integrator for audio filter applications
    W.A. Serdijn; M. Broest; J. Mulder; A.C. van der Woerd; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    In Proc. European Solid-State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC),
    Neuchatel, Switzerland, pp. 404-407, 1996.

  1517. An RMS-DC converter based on the dynamical translinear principle
    J. Mulder; A.C. van der Woerd; W.A. Serdijn; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    In Proc. European Solid-State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC),
    Neuchatel, Switzerland, pp. 312-315, 1996.

  1518. Low-stress nitride as oxidation mask for submicrometre LOCOS isolation
    H.W. van Zeijl; L.K. Nanver; P.J. French;
    Electronics Letters,
    Volume 31, Issue 11, pp. 927-929, May 1995.

  1519. Low-voltage low-power fully-integratable automatic gain controls
    W.A. Serdijn, A.C. van der Woerd, J. Davidse; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing,
    Volume 8, pp. 131-143, 1995.
    document

  1520. Comment: GB-R impedances: New approach to impedance simulation
    M. van de Gevel;
    Electronics Letters,
    Volume 31, Issue 17, pp. 1398, Aug. 17 1995.

  1521. A low-voltage low-power fully-integratable front-end for hearing instruments
    W.A. Serdijn, A.C. van der Woerd, J. Davidse; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems-I,
    Volume 42, Issue 11, pp. 920-932, Nov. 1995.
    document

  1522. Application of the back gate in MOS weak inversion translinear circuits
    J. Mulder, A.C. van der Woerd; W.A. Serdijn; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems-I,
    Volume 42, Issue 11, pp. 958-962, Nov. 1995.
    document

  1523. Guest Editorial Special Issue on Low-Voltage Low-Power Analog Integrated Circuits
    W.A. Serdijn, A.C. van der Woerd; J.C. Kuenen (guest editors);
    Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing,
    Volume 8, July 1995.
    document

  1524. Design Principles for Low-Voltage Low-Power Analog Integrated Circuits
    W.A. Serdijn, A.C. van der Woerd, A.H.M. van Roermund; J. Davidse;
    Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing,
    Volume 8, pp. 115-120, July 1995.
    document

  1525. Analog IC techniques for low-voltage low-power electronics
    W.A. Serdijn; C.J.M. Verhoeven; A.H.M. van Roermund (Editors);
    Delft, the Netherlands: Delft University Press, , 1995. ISBN: 90-407-1202-6.

  1526. Low-voltage low-power analog integrated circuits
    W.A. Serdijn (Editor);
    Kluwer Academic Publishers, , 1995.
    document

  1527. Schakelingen voor lage voedingsspanning en minimaal vermogen
    W.A. Serdijn;
    In Bedrijfsinformatie Elektrotechniek,
    Samson, Dec. 1995. invited chapter.

  1528. Automatic etch stop on buried oxide using epitaxial lateral overgrowth
    P.T.J. Gennissen; M. Bartek; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro; R.F. Wolffenbuttel;
    In Transducers 95,
    Stockholm, Sweden, pp. 75-78, Jun. 1995.

  1529. Translinear sin(x) circuit in MOS technology using the back gate
    J. Mulder; A.C. van der Woerd; W.A. Serdijn; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    In Proc. European Solid-State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC),
    Lille, France, pp. 82-85, 1995.

  1530. Fully-integratable class-AB rear-end with smart quiescent current control for a general-purpose hearing-aid chip
    A.C. van der Woerd; W.A. Serdijn; J. Davidse; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    In Proc. European Solid-State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC),
    Lille, France, pp. 162-165, 1995.

  1531. A low-voltage low-power fully-integratable front-end for hearing instruments
    W.A. Serdijn; A.C. van der Woerd; J. Davidse; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    In Proc. European Solid-State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC),
    Lille, France, pp. 166-169, 1995.

  1532. Low-voltage low-power integrated circuits for hearing aids
    A.C. van der Woerd; W.A. Serdijn; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    In Proc. 4th Conference on Electronic Engineering,
    pp. 29, Sep. 1995. invited paper.

  1533. PSG layers for surface micromachining
    D. Poenar; P.J. French; R. Mall?e; P.M. Sarro; R.F. Wolffenbuttel;
    Sensors and Actuators A: Physical,
    Volume 41, Issue 1-3, pp. 304-309, Apr. 1994.

  1534. An integrated silicon colour sensor using selective epitaxial growth
    M. Bartek; P.T.J. Gennissen; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French; R.F. Wolffenbuttel;
    Sensors and Actuators A,
    Volume 41, Issue 1-3, pp. 123-128, Apr. 1994.

  1535. Reactive ion etching (RIE) techniques for micromachining applications
    Y.X. Li; M.R. Wolffenbuttel; P.J. French; M. Laros; P.M. Sarro; R.F. Wolffenbuttel;
    Sensors and Actuators A: Physical,
    Volume 41, Issue 1-3, pp. 317-323, Apr. 1994.

  1536. Surface micromachined tuneable interferometer array
    K. Aratani; P.J. French; P.M. Sarro; D. Poenar; R.F. Wolffenbuttel; S. Middelhoek;
    Sensors and Actuators A: Physical,
    Volume 43, Issue 1-3, pp. 17-23, May 1994.

  1537. Low-voltage, low-power, wide-range controllable current amplifier for hearing aids
    R. Otte; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    Electronics Letters,
    Volume 30, Issue 3, pp. 178-180, Feb. 3 1994.
    document

  1538. Simple low-voltage weak inversion MOS 1/x circuit
    M. van de Gevel; J.C. Kuenen;
    Electronics Letters,
    Volume 30, Issue 20, pp. 1639, Sept. 29 1994.
    document

  1539. sqrt(x) circuit based on a novel, backgate-using multiplier
    M. van de Gevel; J.C. Kuenen;
    Electronics Letters,
    Volume 30, Issue 3, pp. 183-184, Feb. 3 1994.
    document

  1540. A low-voltage low-power fully-integratable automatic gain control for hearing instruments
    W.A. Serdijn, A.C. van der Woerd, J. Davidse; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits,
    Volume 29, Issue 8, pp. 943-946, Aug. 1994.
    document

  1541. Doctor Analog on 1-V swing transconductances and transimpedances
    W.A. Serdijn;
    NEAR newsletter,
    Issue 5, pp. 42-44, Aug. 1994.

  1542. Low-power current-mode .9-V voltage regulator
    A.C. van der Woerd; W.A. Serdijn, R.H. van Beijnhem; R.J.H. Janse;
    IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits,
    Volume 29, Issue 9, pp. 1138-1141, Sept. 1994.
    document

  1543. Low-voltage low-power fully-integratable automatic gain controls
    W.A. Serdijn; A.C. van der Woerd; J. Davidse; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    In Proc. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems,
    London, UK, IEEE, pp. 5.505-5.508, 1994.
    document

  1544. The design of low-voltage low-power analog integrated circuits and their applications in hearing instruments
    W.A. Serdijn;
    PhD thesis, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands, Feb. 1994.
    document

  1545. A novel microphone preamplifier for use in hearing aids
    A.C. Pluygers;
    Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing,
    Volume 3, pp. 113-118, 1993.

  1546. Analog circuits for a single-chip infrared controlled hearing aid
    A.C. van der Woerd;
    Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing,
    Volume 3, pp. 91-103, 1993.

  1547. Biasing a differential pair in low-voltage analog circuits: a systematic approach
    A.C. van der Woerd; A.C. Pluygers;
    Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing,
    Volume 3, pp. 119-125, 1993.

  1548. Low-voltage low-power controlled attenuator for hearing aids
    A. van Staveren; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    Electronics Letters,
    Volume 29, Issue 15, pp. 1355-1356, July 22 1993.
    document

  1549. Low-voltage low-power controllable preamplifier for electret microphones
    A.C. van der Woerd; W.A. Serdijn;
    IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits,
    Volume 28, Issue 10, pp. 1052-1055, Oct. 1993.
    document

  1550. A low-voltage low-power current-mode high-pass leapfrog filter
    W.A. Serdijn;
    Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing,
    Volume 3, pp. 105-112, 1993.
    document

  1551. Analysis of torque measurements on films with oblique anisotropy
    Abelmann, Leon; Kambersky, Vladimir; Lodder, Cock; Popma, Theo J. A.;
    IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,
    Volume 29, Issue 6 pt 1, pp. 3022 – 3024, 1993. All Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1109/20.281089
    Keywords: ... Anisotropy; Cobalt compounds; Crystal orientation; Crystal structure; Fourier transforms; Harmonic generation; Magnetic films; Magnetization; Matrix algebra; Textures; Fourier analysis; Magnetic anisotropy energy; Oblique anisotropy; Spherical harmonics; Torque measurement.

    Abstract: ... A measurement method is discussed to determine the magnetic anisotropy energy in a sample without assuming an a priori model for the origins of the anisotropy. The measurement procedure involves torque measurements in five different planes. Since it is especially useful for films with an oblique anisotropy axis, the method is illustrated on an obliquely evaporated Co80Ni20 film.

    document

  1552. A low-voltage low-power controllable current amplifier for hearing instruments
    R. Otte; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    In Proc. European Solid-State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC),
    Sevilla, Spain, pp. 262-265, Sept. 1993.

  1553. A low-voltage low-power fully-integratable automatic gain control for hearing instruments
    W.A. Serdijn; A.H.M. van Roermund;
    In Proc. European Solid-State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC),
    Sevilla, Spain, pp. 258-261, 1993.

  1554. A Novel Silicon Colour Sensor Using Selective Epitaxial Growth
    M. Bartek; P.T.J. Gennissen; E.J. Blaauw; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French; R.F. Wolffenbuttel;
    In Proc. 7th Int. Conf. Solid-State Sensors and Actuators (Transducers 93),
    Yokohama, Japan, pp. 144-147, Jun. 1993.

  1555. Selective epitaxial growth for smart silicon sensor applications
    M. Bartek; P.T.J. Gennissen; P.M. Sarro; P.J. French; R.F. Wolffenbuttel;
    In Proc. Eurosensors VII,
    Budapest, Hungary, Sep. 1993.

  1556. Induced anisotropies in NiCo obliquely deposited films and their effect on magnetic domains
    Aitlamine, H.; Abelmann, L.; Puchalska, I. B.;
    Journal of Applied Physics,
    Volume 71, Issue 1, pp. 353 – 361, 1992. All Open Access, Bronze Open Access, Green Open Access. DOI: 10.1063/1.350715
    Abstract: ... Oblique and in-plane anisotropies in obliquely evaporated NiCo thin films were investigated in order to understand their origin. All the compositions studied clearly show the effect of columnar grain morphology coupled with some intrinsic factors such as magnetostriction and crystallinity. Energy calculations are undertaken to explain the effect of these anisotropies on domain structures and the existence of strong and weak stripe domains depending on the composition and incidence angle.

    document

  1557. A low-power low-voltage second-order high-pass Butterworth leapfrog filter
    W.A. Serdijn;
    In Proc. European Solid-State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC),
    Copenhagen, Denmark, pp. 71-74, Sept. 1992.

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